Observation of the fine structure for rovibronic spectral lines in visible part of emission spectra of D2D_2

For the first time in visible part of the $D_2$ emission spectrum the pseudo doublets representing partly resolved fine structure of rovibronic lines have been observed. They are characterized by splitting values about 0.2 cm$^{-1}$ and relative intensity of the doublet components close to 2.0. It is shown that they are determined by triplet splitting in lower rovibronic levels of various $^3\Lambda_g^\pm \to c^3\Pi_u^-$ electronic transitions. It is proposed to use an existence of such partly resolved fine structure patterns for identification of numerous unassigned spectral lines of the $D_2$ molecule coming from great variety of triplet "gerade" electronic states to vibro-rotational levels of the $c^3\Pi_u^-$ state.Comment: 6 pages, including 2 figures and 1 table; submitted to Phys.Rev.Let

A Modified Scheme of Triplectic Quantization

A modified version of triplectic quantization, first introduce by Batalin and Martnelius, is proposed which makes use of two independent master equations, one for the action and one for the gauge functional such that the initial classical action also obeys that master equation.Comment: 8 page

UV continuum emission and diagnostics of hydrogen-containing non-equilibrium plasmas

For the first time the emission of the radiative dissociation continuum of the hydrogen molecule ($a^{3}\Sigma_{g}^{+} \to b^{3}\Sigma_{u}^{+}$ electronic transition) is proposed to be used as a source of information for the spectroscopic diagnostics of non-equilibrium plasmas. The detailed analysis of excitation-deactivation kinetics, rate constants of various collisional and radiative transitions and fitting procedures made it possible to develop two new methods of diagnostics of: (1) the ground $X^{1}\Sigma_{g}^{+}$ state vibrational temperature $T_{\text{vib}}$ from the relative intensity distribution, and (2) the rate of electron impact dissociation (d[\mbox{H_{2}}]/dt)_{\text{diss}} from the absolute intensity of the continuum. A known method of determination of $T_{\text{vib}}$ from relative intensities of Fulcher-$\alpha$ bands was seriously corrected and simplified due to the revision of $d \to a$ transition probabilities and cross sections of $d \gets X$ electron impact excitation. General considerations are illustrated with examples of experiments in pure hydrogen capillary-arc and H$_{2}$+Ar microwave discharges.Comment: REVTeX, 25 pages + 12 figures + 9 tables. Phys. Rev. E, eprint replaced because of resubmission to journal after referee's 2nd repor

A proposal for a generalized canonical osp(1,2) quantization of dynamical systems with constraints

The aim of this paper is to consider a possibility of constructing for arbitrary dynamical systems with first-class constraints a generalized canonical quantization method based on the osp(1,2) supersymmetry principle. This proposal can be considered as a counterpart to the osp(1,2)-covariant Lagrangian quantization method introduced recently by Geyer, Lavrov and M\"ulsch. The gauge dependence of Green's functions is studied. It is shown that if the parameter m^2 of the osp(1,2) superalgebra is not equal to zero then the vacuum functional and S-matrix depend on the gauge. In the limit $m\to 0$ the gauge independence of vacuum functional and S - matrix are restored. The Ward identities related to the osp(1,2) symmetry are derived.Comment: Revised version. To appear in Mod.Phys.Lett.

BRST structure of non-linear superalgebras

In this paper we analyse the structure of the BRST charge of nonlinear superalgebras. We consider quadratic non-linear superalgebras where a commutator (in terms of (super) Poisson brackets) of the generators is a quadratic polynomial of the generators. We find the explicit form of the BRST charge up to cubic order in Faddeev-Popov ghost fields for arbitrary quadratic nonlinear superalgebras. We point out the existence of constraints on structure constants of the superalgebra when the nilpotent BRST charge is quadratic in Faddeev-Popov ghost fields. The general results are illustrated by simple examples of superalgebras.Comment: 15 pages, Latex, references added, misprints corrected, comments adde

Parties in the digital jungle

The development of digital technology, Internet communications and social media affects all areas of public life. Politics is no exception. In today’s world, social media are becoming not only a means of transmitting information, but also the habitat of millenials and zoomers. Year after year, more and more digital natives (M. Prensky’s term) are gaining the right to vote in elections. This fact cannot avoid political parties, which are beginning to adapt the use of social media to their own informational and campaigning needs. Social platforms present an opportunity to form a loyal community, which will follow the political process through the prism of the values of the preferred party, and eventually become politically active in the coming elections. The author questions whether the role of social media is so great, what determines it and whether young people engaged in politics through social media are really capable of changing the course of the political process. To answer these questions, a sociological study was conducted that included an analysis of the official accounts of political parties and their members in the main social media operating in Russia. The audience engagement index was compiled and calculated in relation to the results of the elections to the State Duma of the 8th convocation in 2021

Rotational dynamics between bureaucracy and electocracy

It is generally believed that, based on the principle of separation of powers, the branches of government are endowed with independence from each other and equality among themselves, which means that they can control and balance each other’s activities. This principle can also be considered true for politicians, representatives of each of the branches of government. Bureaucrats holding positions in the executive branch are politically equal to electocrats in the legislative branch. At the same time, bureaucrats and electocrats are politicians of different kinds, they have a large number of differences in their powers, functions, rights, and competencies. But does this principle remain immutable for the Russian political system de facto? Are bureaucrats and electocrats so different from each other in Russia? The present study, analyses the biographies of 800 politicians of the Russian Federation who hold public positions in the executive and legislative authorities of all three levels: federal, regional, and municipal. The analysis allowed us to reveal the specifics of recruitment and circulation of personnel in the Russian political system, which makes it possible to speak with a high degree of probability about the trends in the development of the Russian establishment as a whole

CATALYSTS AND INHIBITORS OF POLITICAL CAREER IN RUSSIA

Studying the basic principles of the political elite formation in Russia is the cornerstone for understanding the country’s future strategy and its development vector, since the development strategy will depend on those people who will be at the helm of the country’s governance. There is already a dynamic process of rejuvenating the authorities, representatives of Generation X are actively striding along the political career ladder and gain high positions. The analysis of the career background of “young” politicians, the main political career elevators, its catalysts and inhibitors, and the speed of professional formation has been reflected in our research. The research was carried out on the base of biographies of 370 civil servants who, as of March 1, 2019, held the posts of deputy ministers or deputy heads of federal departments. Biographies were taken from open sources and were digitized in a database. The study examined the career paths of politicians, on the base of which it is possible to allocate the key institutions of the political elite formation and political career elevators