132 research outputs found
WFABC: a Wright-Fisher ABC-based approach for inferring effective population sizes and selection coefficients from time-sampled data
With novel developments in sequencing technologies, time-sampled data are
becoming more available and accessible. Naturally, there have been efforts in
parallel to infer population genetic parameters from these datasets. Here, we
compare and analyze four recent approaches based on the Wright-Fisher model for
inferring selection coefficients (s) given effective population size (Ne), with
simulated temporal datasets. Furthermore, we demonstrate the advantage of a
recently proposed ABC-based method that is able to correctly infer genome-wide
average Ne from time-serial data, which is then set as a prior for inferring
per-site selection coefficients accurately and precisely. We implement this ABC
method in a new software and apply it to a classical time-serial dataset of the
medionigra genotype in the moth Panaxia dominula. We show that a recessive
lethal model is the best explanation for the observed variation in allele
frequency by implementing an estimator of the dominance ratio (h)
z ~ 4 HĪ± Emitters in the Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey: Tracing the Dominant Mode for Growth of Galaxies
We present evidence for strong HĪ± emission in galaxies with spectroscopic redshifts in the range of 3.8 10^(11) M_ā) galaxies at z ~ 3. This "strong HĪ± phase" of star formation plays a dominant role in galaxy growth at z ~ 4, and they are likely progenitors of massive red galaxies at lower redshifts
Deep u*- and g-band Imaging of the Spitzer Space Telescope First Look Survey Field : Observations and Source Catalogs
We present deep u*-, and g-band images taken with the MegaCam on the 3.6 m
Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (CFHT) to support the extragalactic component of
the Spitzer First Look Survey (hereafter, FLS). In this paper we outline the
observations, present source catalogs and characterize the completeness,
reliability, astrometric accuracy and number counts of this dataset. In the
central 1 deg2 region of the FLS, we reach depths of g~26.5 mag, and u*~26.2
mag (AB magnitude, 5 detection over a 3" aperture) with ~4 hours of
exposure time for each filter. For the entire FLS region (~5 deg2 coverage), we
obtained u*-band images to the shallower depth of u*=25.0--25.4 mag (5,
3" aperture). The average seeing of the observations is 0.85" for the central
field, and ~1.00" for the other fields. Astrometric calibration of the fields
yields an absolute astrometric accuracy of 0.15" when matched with the SDSS
point sources between 18<g<22. Source catalogs have been created using
SExtractor. The catalogs are 50% complete and greater than 99.3% reliable down
to g~26.5 mag and u*~26.2 mag for the central 1 deg2 field. In the shallower
u*-band images, the catalogs are 50% complete and 98.2% reliable down to
24.8--25.4 mag. These images and source catalogs will serve as a useful
resource for studying the galaxy evolution using the FLS data.Comment: 15 pages, 16 figure
Massive Lyman Break Galaxies at z~3 in the Spitzer Extragalactic First Look Survey
We investigate the properties of 1088 Lyman Break Galaxies (LBGs) at z~3
selected from a ~2.63M/L$ in
rest-frame near-infrared. Most infrared-luminous LBGs (S_{24um} > 100 uJy) are
dusty star-forming galaxies with star formation rates of 100--1000 Msun/yr,
total infrared luminosity of > 10^12 Lsun. By constructing the UV luminosity
function of massive LBGs, we estimate that the lower limit for the star
formation rate density from LBGs more massive than 10^11 Msun at z~3 is > 3.3 x
10^-3 Msun/yr/Mpc^3, showing for the first time that the UV-bright population
of massive galaxies alone contributes significantly to the global star
formation rate density at z~3. When combined with the star formation rate
densities at z < 2, our result reveals a steady increase in the contribution of
massive galaxies to the global star formation from z=0 to z=3, providing strong
support to the downsizing of galaxy formation.Comment: 15 pages, 13 figures. Accepted for publication in Ap
Case report: Successful treatment of malignant pericardial effusion with pericardiocentesis, concurrent anti-inflammatory therapy and cancer therapy
Despite significant advancements in systemic anticancer therapies, cardiac tamponade remains a serious and potentially life-threatening complication in metastatic breast cancer (MBC). However, there is a paucity of comprehensive research investigating alternative management approaches, such as pericardiocentesis and anti-inflammatory therapy (AIT), to effectively address cardiac tamponade and mitigate the risk of heart failure arising from constrictive physiology (CP) in patients with MBC when traditional systemic anticancer drugs fail to yield favorable outcomes. Herein, we describe two cases of MBC with cardiac tamponade that occurred despite the administration of effective systemic anticancer drugs. In each case, pericardial effusion was detected in a patient who was undergoing palliative anticancer therapy for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive MBC. The patients in these cases were successfully treated with pericardiocentesis and AIT (prednisolone and colchicine) for subsequent CP without substitution with their systemic anticancer drugs. Cardiac tamponade and CP are regarded as signs of advanced cancer and are associated with a worse clinical outcome in general; however, they can still be treated with an effective anticancer drug, pericardiocentesis, and management of CP by cardiooncology specialists
Label Space Partition Selection for Multi-Object Tracking Using Two-Layer Partitioning
Estimating the trajectories of multi-objects poses a significant challenge
due to data association ambiguity, which leads to a substantial increase in
computational requirements. To address such problems, a divide-and-conquer
manner has been employed with parallel computation. In this strategy,
distinguished objects that have unique labels are grouped based on their
statistical dependencies, the intersection of predicted measurements. Several
geometry approaches have been used for label grouping since finding all
intersected label pairs is clearly infeasible for large-scale tracking
problems. This paper proposes an efficient implementation of label grouping for
label-partitioned generalized labeled multi-Bernoulli filter framework using a
secondary partitioning technique. This allows for parallel computation in the
label graph indexing step, avoiding generating and eliminating duplicate
comparisons. Additionally, we compare the performance of the proposed technique
with several efficient spatial searching algorithms. The results demonstrate
the superior performance of the proposed approach on large-scale data sets,
enabling scalable trajectory estimation.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figure
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