Additional file 1: of Comparison of sodium ion levels between an arterial blood gas analyzer and an autoanalyzer in preterm infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit: a retrospective study

The datasets supporting the conclusion of this study. (XLSX 820 kb

Thermoelectric Properties of Two-Dimensional Molybdenum-Based MXenes

MXenes are an interesting class of 2D materials consisting of transition metal carbides and nitrides, which are currently a subject of extensive studies. Although there have been theoretical calculations estimating the thermoelectric properties of MXenes, no experimental measurements have been reported so far. In this report, three compositions of Mo-based MXenes (Mo₂CT_<i>x</i>, Mo₂Ti­C₂T_<i>x</i>, and Mo₂Ti₂­C₃T_<i>x</i>) have been synthesized and processed into free-standing binder-free papers by vacuum-assisted filtration, and their electrical and thermoelectric properties are measured. Upon heating to 800 K, these MXene papers exhibit high conductivity and n-type Seebeck coefficient. The thermoelectric power reaches 3.09 × 10^–4 W m^–1 K^–2 at 803 K for the Mo₂Ti­C₂T_<i>x</i> MXene. While the thermoelectric properties of MXenes do not reach that of the best materials, they exceed their parent ternary and quaternary layered carbides. Mo₂Ti­C₂T_<i>x</i> shows the highest electrical conductivity in combination with the largest Seebeck coefficient of the three 2D materials studied

Hydrate Growth Inhibition by Poly(vinyl caprolactam) Released from Microcarriers under Turbulent Mixing Conditions

Core–shell microcarriers were microfluidically prepared by using water-in-oil-in-water double-emulsion drops as a template. The aqueous core contained a kinetic hydrate inhibitor (KHI) of poly­(vinyl caprolactam) (PVCap), and the shell was made of a cross-linked polymer. To make the microcarriers selectively release PVCap at temperatures where hydrate formation occurs under a constant shear flow, the relative shell thickness to the radius of the microcarrier was set to 0.11. The hydrate inhibition performance of PVCap released from the microcarriers was investigated using continuous cooling and constant subcooling in a high-pressure autoclave. Longer hydrate onset times were observed for the PVCap microcarriers compared to bulk water, suggesting that hydrate nucleation was inhibited by PVCap released from the microcarriers. The obtained subcooling temperature for the PVCap microcarriers was 11.3 °C, which was close to that of the PVCap bulk solution at 10.8 °C. The hydrate growth was faster for the PVCap microcarriers than for bulk water, but the effective growth period was shorter, resulting in a lower hydrate fraction in the liquid phase. Although the PVCap microcarriers performed successfully under continuous cooling, limited performance was observed with constant subcooling. Successful hydrate inhibition was sometimes observed, but fast hydrate formation was also observed over repeated experiments. This result is because microcarriers are designed to rupture under a constant shear flow. Thus, more studies are required to improve the design of microcarriers to release the inner KHI solution, even in cold-restart operations. Nevertheless, microcarriers provide a flexible way to inject KHI into subsea flowlines, as many different types of KHIs can be simultaneously delivered at a proper dose using a set of distinct microcarriers

Oxidant-Dependent Thermoelectric Properties of Undoped ZnO Films by Atomic Layer Deposition

Extraordinary oxidant-dependent changes in the thermoelectric properties of undoped ZnO thin films deposited by atomic layer deposition (ALD) have been observed. Specifically, deionized water and ozone oxidants are used in the growth of ZnO by ALD using diethylzinc as a zinc precursor. No substitutional atoms have been added to the ZnO films. By using ozone as an oxidant instead of water, a thermoelectric power factor (σS²) of 5.76 × 10^–4 W m^–1 K^–2 is obtained at 705 K for undoped ZnO films. In contrast, the maximum power factor for the water-based ZnO film is only 2.89 × 10^–4 W m^–1 K^–2 at 746 K. Materials analysis results indicate that the oxygen vacancy levels in the water- and ozone-grown ZnO films are essentially the same, but the difference comes from Zn-related defects present in the ZnO films. The data suggest that the strong oxidant effect on thermoelectric performance can be explained by a mechanism involving point defect-induced differences in carrier concentration between these two oxides and a self-compensation effect in water-based ZnO due to the competitive formations of both oxygen and zinc vacancies. This strong oxidant effect on the thermoelectric properties of undoped ZnO films provides a pathway to improve the thermoelectric performance of this important material

Biological activity of plant metabolites XII. Alkaloids of the family Corydalis DC. (Fumariaceae) and their biological activity

Salacova K.: Biological activity of plant metabolites. XII. Alkaloids of genus Corydalis DC. (Fumariaceae) and their biological activities. Diploma thesis, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Ecology, Hradec Králové 2009, 83 p. The literature search focused on isoquinoline alkaloids of the genus Corydalis was carried out. The summary offers information about the chemical structure of alkaloids and the species of Corydalis (or morphological parts of the mother plant) from which the alkaloids were isolated. The biological activity of alkaloids and extracts from plants of the genus Corydalis was also described. Some species of the genus Corydalis present antifungal effects (C. incisa, C. longipes, C. chaerophylla), cytotoxic effects (C. incisa), hepatoprotective effects (C. saxicola), antithrombic effects (C. koidzumiana, C. ambigua), sedative, hypnotic and spasmolytic effects (C. pseudoadunca), anti-inflammatory and inhibitory effect on allergic reactions (C. turtschaninovii f. yanhusuo), inhibitory effect on acetylcholinesterase (C. bulbosa, C. turtschaninovii f. yanhusuo, C. cava, C. speciosa). Keywords: genus Corydalis, isoquinoline alkaloids, biological activity, acetylcholinesteras

Explant cultures of Higher plants 32

Machackova H.: Explant cultures of Higher plants 32. Thesis, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Department of Botanic and Environmental Science, Pharmacy (2010) This paper focused on the study of biotransformation activity of suspension culture Datura meteloides DC. ex Dunal after addition of arbutin exogenous precursor hydroquinone into nutrient medium. The percentage of arbutin content was tested depending on the type and concentration of growth regulator in nutrient medium (IAA, IBA - concentrations of 0,1; 1,0; 10,0 mg/l), concentration of arbutin precursor hydroquinone (100 and 200 mg/l) and intervals between collection of samples for analysis, i.e. cultivation time with precursor (24, 48, 168 hours). Culture transformed hydroquinone into arbutin regardless of the type and concentration of growth regulator, precursor concentration and the length of the experiment. The highest percentage of arbutin content in culture extract (8,11 %) was detected after 24 hour cultivation using hydroquinone in concentration of 200 mg/l and growth regulator IAA in concentration of 0,1 mg/l. The presence of arbutin was also detected in nutrient medium after 48 and 168 hours (0,68 %). In most cases, cultures using hydroquinone in concentration of 200 mg/l had higher production of..

Additional file 14: Table S4. of Application of single-cell RNA sequencing in optimizing a combinatorial therapeutic strategy in metastatic renal cell carcinoma

Results of drug screening for pRCC and mRCC tumors. Summarized list of drugs used in the screening and calculated nanomolar values of IC50. For repeated measures analysis, mRCC cells were tested twice. (PDF 94.2 kb

Additional file 12: Figure S9. of Application of single-cell RNA sequencing in optimizing a combinatorial therapeutic strategy in metastatic renal cell carcinoma

Functionally grouped networks based on analysis of differentially expressed genes between pRCC and mRCC cells. A A volcano plot of gene expression (log2 ratio of TPM + 1) contrasting pRCC cells (n = 46) versus mRCC cells (n = 36). The vertical dotted line indicates the cutoff of the false discovery rate (FDR <0.01), which was adjusted using the Benjamini–Hochberg correction for multiple-testing. The horizontal dotted lines indicate the cutoff for a significant fold change (≥twofold). Colors indicate significantly upregulated genes in pRCC cells (red) or in mRCC cells (blue). B Visualization of enriched biological networks with upregulated genes in pRCC cells (top) or in mRCC cells (bottom) by ClueGO analysis with annotation of Gene Ontology. Term enrichment significance is determined using two-sided hypergeometric test with the Benjamini–Hochberg correction, and represented by node size. Genes that are shared between two gene ontology terms generate link lines. The most prominent gene ontology term for each functional group is highlighted in a larger font size with the text color identical to the relevant group. (PDF 1.63 mb

Additional file 16: Figure S12. of Application of single-cell RNA sequencing in optimizing a combinatorial therapeutic strategy in metastatic renal cell carcinoma

Prediction of drug sensitivity across single-cell populations. A Drug sensitivity was predicted by the ridge regression model using a training set of publicly available cancer cell line expression data with measured IC50 data for each drug. Estimated values were transformed to Z-scores across samples. Boxes show 25th to 75th percentile with 10th and 90th percentile whiskers. Differences between groups were determined by two-tailed Student’s t-test. *P <0.05, **P <0.01, ***P <0.001. B Correlation of drug sensitivity with the relevant signaling pathways to be targeted. Uniform axis ranges were applied to all plots: x-axis of GSVA scores, −0.5 to 0.5; y-axis of Z-scores, −3 to 2. Linear regression was applied to estimate Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r), with 95 % confidence as shown in thicker light gray curves. The statistical significance of the regression was determined by one-way ANOVA test. (PDF 1.33 mb

Additional file 3: Table S1. of Application of single-cell RNA sequencing in optimizing a combinatorial therapeutic strategy in metastatic renal cell carcinoma

Somatic mutations identified in tumor samples from whole-exome sequencing. Single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) were annotated by implementing SnpEff. Whole-exome sequencing data of paired patient blood was used to identify somatic variants in parental tumors and matched xenografts of pRCCs and mRCCs, which are shown in separate sheets. (XLSX 218 kb