The Antimicrobial Effect of Diode Laser with Heat Producing toward E.Faecalis in Root Canals and in Periapical Lesions

In our study we tested the efficacy of disinfection with diode laser Nd : YAG root canals of single-rooted teeth and lesion models of different sizes (6, 10 and 14 mm), in which we put the teeth and made?? an in vitro model. Teeth and models we re-infected with E. faecalis, as one of the most common microbes for re-infection, till the growth of the biofilm. The growth of the biofilm was confirmed microbiologically on agar plates. Viability of microorganisms in the samples after laser treatment and compared to samples without treatment, were analyzed with a fluorescence method by flow Cytometry. Therapy with diode laser Nd : YAG showed a significant increase in the percentage of dead cells compared to the control group. At the same time we have found a significant difference between the different dimensions of periapical lesions. The smallest dimension lesions of 6 mm showed the highest number of dead cells. Keywords: Periapical lesions, diode laser Nd : YAG, root canal disinfectio

THE EFFICANCY OF DIODE LASER ND:YAG IN ROOT CANALS AND PERIAPICAL LESIONS

In our study we tested the efficacy of disinfection with diode laser Nd : YAG root canals of single-rooted teeth and lesion models of different sizes (6, 10 and 14 mm), in which we put the teeth and made an in vitro model. Teeth and models we re-infected with E. faecalisor and S. mitis, as one of the most common microbes for re-infection, till the growth of the biofilm. The growth of the biofilm was confirmed microbiologically on agar plates. Viability of microorganisms in the samples after laser treatment and compared to samples without treatment, were analyzed with a fluorescence method by flow Cytometry. Therapy with diode laser Nd : YAG showed a significant increase in the percentage of dead cells compared to the control group. At the same time we have found a significant difference between the different dimensions of periapical lesions. The smallest dimension lesions of 6 mm showed the highest number of dead cells. When compared E. faecalis and S. mitis we have not found any difference between the sizes of lesions, or between the duration of irradiation. These results indicate that the laser diode does not have the best toxic effects of heat, which is produced by the laser radiation, so the diode laser Nd : YAG radiation alone could not destroy all bacteria, so re-infection is still possible. However, we think that application of laser in combination with the standard methods of irrigation and instrumentation or the application of dyes for photodynamic therapy, we could obtain greater efficacy of disinfection

Matricide by Person with Borderline Personality Disorder

Matricide is a very rare form of murder and comprises approximately 0.68% of all murders. This scientific paper aims to present a psychiatric evaluation of one of the most macabre murders committed in Kosovo in 2023. The accused temporarily stayed in Germany and committed the act during his stay in Kosovo for vacation. Murder has been associated with marked brutality. Until the moment of committing the act, he has not behaved aggressively towards his sibling or parents because family members have avoided confrontation by fulfilling his wishes. The murder took place in a joint house, where he first stabbed his mother and then decapitated her by placing her head in the basement. After the crime, he manifested the symptoms of acting out by standing on the stairs of the house and quietly waiting for the police. Other family members reported that he never manifested aggressive behavior towards his mother, and she was the one with whom he had the best relationship. This case shows how unpredictable are borderline personality disorders and how a lack of impulse control can lead to murders

Accuracy and Speed of Emotion Recognition With Face Masks

Wearing face masks is one of the important actions to prevent the spread of COVID-19 among people around the world. Nevertheless, social interaction is limited via masks, and this impacts the accuracy and speed of emotional perception. In the present study, we assess the impact of mask-wearing on the accuracy and speed of emotion recognition. Fifty people (female n = 39, male n = 11) aged 19–28 participated in the study (M = 21.1 years). We used frontal photos of a Kosova woman who belonged to the same participants’ age group, with a grey background. Twelve different pictures were used that showed the emotional states of fear, joy, sadness, anger, neutrality, and disgust, in masked and unmasked conditions. The experiment was conducted in a controlled laboratory setting. Participants were faster for identifying emotions like joy (1.507 ms) and neutral (1.971 ms). The participants were more accurate (emotions identification) in unmasked faces (M = 85.7%) than in masked faces (M = 73.8%), F(1,98) = 20.73, MSE = 1027.66, p ≤ .001, partial η² = 0.17. Masks make confusion and reduce the accuracy and speediness of emotional detection. This may have a notable impact on social interactions among peoples