Black Holes in Two Dimensional Dilaton Gravity and Nonlinear Klein-Gordon Soliton

Two-dimensional dilaton gravity coupled to a Klein-Gordon matter field with a quartic interaction term is considered. The theory has a classical solution which exhibits black hole formation by a soliton. The geometry of black hole induced by a soliton is investigated.Comment: 9 pages, no figures, late

What sets the splashback radius of dark matter haloes: accretion history or other properties?

The density profiles of dark matter haloes contain rich information about their growth history and physical properties. One particularly interesting region is the splashback radius, $R_{\rm sp}$, which marks the transition between particles orbiting in the halo and particles undergoing first infall. While the dependence of $R_{\rm sp}$ on the recent accretion rate is well established and theoretically expected, it is not clear exactly what parts of the accretion history $R_{\rm sp}$ responds to, and what other halo properties might additionally influence its position. We comprehensively investigate these questions by correlating the dynamically measured splashback radii of a large set of simulated haloes with their individual growth histories as well as their structural, dynamical, and environmental properties. We find that $R_{\rm sp}$ is sensitive to the accretion over one crossing time but largely insensitive to the prior history (in contrast to concentration, which probes earlier epochs). All secondary correlations are much weaker, but we discern a relatively higher $R_{\rm sp}$ in less massive, older, more elliptical, and more tidally deformed haloes. Despite these minor influences, we conclude that the splashback radius is a clean indicator of a halo's growth over the past dynamical time. We predict that the magnitude gap should be a promising observable indicator of a halo's accretion rate and splashback radius.Comment: 13 pages, 12 figures (to be submitted to MNRAS

Recent Developments in Synthesis and Photocatalytic Applications of Carbon Dots

The tunable photoluminescent and photocatalytic properties of carbon dots (CDs) via chemical surface modification have drawn increased attention to this emerging class of carbon nanomaterials. Herein, we summarize the advances in CD synthesis and modification, with a focus on surface functionalization, element doping, passivation, and nanocomposite formation with metal oxides, transition metal chalcogenides, or graphitic carbon nitrides. The effects of CD size and functionalization on photocatalytic properties are discussed, along with the photocatalytic applications of CDs in energy conversion, water splitting, hydrogen evolution, water treatment, and chemical degradation. In particular, the enzyme-mimetic and photodynamic applications of CDs for bio-related uses are thoroughly reviewed

RECONSTRUCTION OF SOCIAL SCIENCE AND HUMANITIES THROUGH NARRATIVE

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to present new directions and research strategies through critical analysis of the academic tendencies of existing social science and humanities. The narrative theory of human experience is adopted as a theoretical rationale for critical analysing existing social sciences and humanities. Since the 1970s and 1980s, the academic tendencies of the humanities and social sciences have been transformed into the narrative turn. We focus on the new integrity of humanities and social sciences in light of the narrative theory that approaches the totality of human life. The narrative theory for academic inquiry makes use of the position of Bruner, Polkinghorne, Ricoeur Methodology: We reviewed the literature related to the research topic and took an integrated approach to the philosophical analysis of core claims. Main Findings: As a result, the narrative theory has a characteristic approach to human life and experience as a whole, and it is possible to integrate by narrative ways of knowing. Implications/Applications: Based on this narrative theory, existing humanities and social sciences need to be reconstructed into narrative science. And a narrative method or narrative inquiry is useful as its specific inquiry method. As a narrative science, humanities and social sciences can be implemented by the integration of human experience and narrative epistemology. It has the advantage of integrating the atomized sub-sciences into the narrative of human experience according to this new method. Also, in-depth research on concrete exploration strategies is expected in the future

カンコク 二 オケル ガイコク チテキ ザイサンケン ノ シンガイ 二 タイスル ホゴ カイセイ コクサイ シホウ ト カンコク ダイホウ院 ハンケツ ヲ チュウシンニ

論

A Study on the Causal Relationship between Spot Price and Futures Price of Crude Oil and Agricultural Products

This paper studies the relationship between the agricultural, energy, and derivatives markets. This study empirically analyzes how the results of previous studies on the Granger causality between oil price and the spot price of agricultural products appear in the futures market by using the Toda and Yamamoto (1995)’ causality test. There are two main findings. First, 7 bidirectional causalities and 27 causalities between oil and 6 agricultural products are found, providing strong evidence of a causal relationship. Second, causality is found between oil prices and grain and oilseed type agricultural products, and the spot price of oil has relatively more causalities on agricultural product prices than the futures price of oil. Lastly, testing each period shows that a financial crisis can strengthen the relationship between the agriculture markets and the energy market