Dose-Intensity of Bisphosphonates and the Risk of Osteonecrosis of the Jaw in Osteoporosis Patients

Objective: To examine the incidence rates and association between dose-intensity, stratified by exposure duration, of bisphosphonates and the risk of osteonecrosis of the jaw among Korean osteoporotic patients older than 50 years. Study Design and Setting: Using the population-based National Health Insurance Claims Data of Korea from January 1, 2006, through December 3, 2012, 13,730 new bisphosphonate users as of 2006 were identified. Truncated age-standardized incidence rate estimation and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted. Results: In this retrospective cohort study, increasing age-standardized incidence rates of ONJ attributed to bisphosphonate exposure were observed for individuals with less than 1 year, 1–2 years, over 2 years of defined daily dose (DDD) of bisphosphonate exposure (13.85, 16.19, and 38.20, respectively), using a truncated 2000 United States Standard Population. Also, over 2 years of bisphosphonate DDDs was associated with an increased risk of developing of ONJ with an adjusted odds ratio of 1.51 (95% confidence interval: 1.31–1.75), compared to individuals with less than 1 year of bisphosphonate exposure. Conclusion: Our data provided the evidence to support the association between risk of ONJ and duration of bisphosphonate exposure used in the treatment or prevention of osteoporosis

The value of chest CT for prediction of breast tumor size: comparison with pathology measurement

BACKGROUND: Little information is available on the use of chest computed tomography (CT) to predict breast tumor size in breast cancer, despite the fact that chest CT examinations are being increasingly used. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the value of chest CT for predicting breast tumor size using pathology measurements as reference standards. METHODS: Tumor sizes (defined as greatest diameter) were retrospectively measured on the preoperative chest CT images of 285 patients with surgically proven unifocal, invasive breast carcinoma. Greatest tumor diameters as determined by chest CT and pathologic examinations were compared by linear regression and Spearman’s rho correlation analysis. Concordance between CT and pathology results was defined as a diameter difference of <5 mm. Subgroup analyses were also performed with respect to tumor size (<20 mm or ≥20 mm) and histological subtype (invasive ductal carcinoma(IDC) or non-IDC). RESULTS: CT and pathology measured diameters were found to be linearly related (size at pathology = 1.086 × CT determined tumor size - 1.141; Spearman’s rho correlation coefficient = 0.84, P<0.001). Most tumors (n = 228, 80.0%) were concordant by chest CT and pathology, but 36 tumors (12.7%) were underestimated by CT (average underestimation, 11 mm; range, 6–36 mm) and 21 tumors (7.4%) were overestimated (average overestimation by CT, 10 mm; range, 6–19 mm). The concordance rate between the two sets of measurements was greater for tumor of <20 mm and for IDC (P<0.001 and P = 0.011, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Tumor size by chest CT is well correlated with pathology determined tumor size in breast cancer patients, and the diameters of the majority of tumors by chest CT and pathology differed by <5 mm. In addition, the concordance rate was higher for breast tumors of <20 mm and for tumors of the IDC histologic subtype

Bis(2-{[(9H-fluoren-2-yl)methyl­idene]amino}­phenolato-κ2 N,O)zinc methanol disolvate

In the title compound, [Zn(C20H14NO)2]·2CH3OH, the ZnII atom lies on a crystallographic twofold rotation axis and is coordinated by two O atoms and two N atoms from two bidentate 2-{[(9H-fluoren-2-yl)methyl­idene]amino}­phenolate ligands within a distorted tetra­hedral geometry. The dihedral angle between the two chelate rings is 82.92 (5)°. In the coordinated ligand, the phenol ring is twisted at 30.22 (9)° from the mean plane of the fluorene ring. In the crystal, O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the complex mol­ecules to the methanol solvent mol­ecules

Photodynamic Therapy Combined with CO2 Laser Vaporization on Disseminated Superficial Actinic Porokeratosis: A Report of 2 Cases on the Face

Disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis (DSAP) is a skin condition that usually shows a poor response to different modalities of treatment. Herein we describe 2 patients with DSAP on the face, each treated with 3 to 4 sessions of photodynamic therapy combined with laser vaporization

N-Nitrosamine inhibition by strawberry, garlic, kale, and the effects of nitrite-scavenging and Nnitrosamine formation by functional compounds in strawberry and garlic, Food Control

Abstract High nitrate and amine-rich food intake may result in an increased risk of endogenous formation of carcinogenic N-nitroso compounds (NOCs). We studied the eVects of whole strawberries, garlic and kale on the formation of N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) in a traditional Korean diet (amine and nitrate-rich) in simulated saliva and gastric conditions. The addition of whole strawberries, kale and garlic juices in the diet reduced NDMA formation by amine and nitrate. Strawberries and garlic juice were more eVective than kale. To identify active compound, isolated fractions were prepared from strawberries or garlic juice samples by preparative liquid chromatography. Inhibition of NDMA formation and nitrite-scavenging ability of each fraction (strawberries: S1-S4; garlic juice: A1-A5) was tested. Fraction A4 inhibited NDMA formation by 50.5 § 5.4% and increased the eVect of nitrite-scavenging by 72.3 § 8.7%. Fractions A3 and A4 were identiWed as 1,2-benzendicarboxy acid (A3) and S-oxodially disulWde (A4) compounds by mass spectrophotometry and 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance