Prikaz koronarnih arterija ovce na anatomskom preparatu srca primjenom poliuretanske smjese

Dijagnostika bolesti koronarnih arterija i primjena odgovarajuće terapije u porastu je u veterinarskoj medicini. U svrhu ispravnog pristupa bolestima koronarnih arterija nužno je prethodno znanje o njihovoj anatomskoj građi, posebno položaju i grananju. Tijekom anatomske sekcije srca, položaj i grananje koronarnih arterija teško je proučiti ako prethodno nisu ispunjene određenim punilom. U svrhu boljeg prikaza ogranaka koronarnih arterija u njihov smo lumen injektirali smjesu poliuretanskog laka i crvenog praškastog pigmenta. Nakon sekcije koronarnih arterija opisali smo njihovo grananje na modelu ovce i uočili odstupanja od opisa u literaturi te ističemo važnost poznavanja anatomskih varijacija među vrstama, ali i među jedinkama iste vrste

Prikaz koronarnih arterija ovce na anatomskom preparatu srca primjenom poliuretanske smjese

Dijagnostika bolesti koronarnih arterija i primjena odgovarajuće terapije u porastu je u veterinarskoj medicini. U svrhu ispravnog pristupa bolestima koronarnih arterija nužno je prethodno znanje o njihovoj anatomskoj građi, posebno položaju i grananju. Tijekom anatomske sekcije srca, položaj i grananje koronarnih arterija teško je proučiti ako prethodno nisu ispunjene određenim punilom. U svrhu boljeg prikaza ogranaka koronarnih arterija u njihov smo lumen injektirali smjesu poliuretanskog laka i crvenog praškastog pigmenta. Nakon sekcije koronarnih arterija opisali smo njihovo grananje na modelu ovce i uočili odstupanja od opisa u literaturi te ističemo važnost poznavanja anatomskih varijacija među vrstama, ali i među jedinkama iste vrste

A Corticothalamic Circuit Trades off Speed for Safety during Decision-Making under Motivational Conflict

Decisions to act while pursuing goals in the presence of danger must be made quickly but safely. Premature decisions risk injury or death, whereas postponing decisions risk goal loss. Here we show how mice resolve these competing demands. Using microstructural behavioral analyses, we identified the spatiotemporal dynamics of approach–avoidance decisions under motivational conflict in male mice. Then we used cognitive modeling to show that these dynamics reflect the speeded decision-making mechanisms used by humans and nonhuman primates, with mice trading off decision speed for safety of choice when danger loomed. Using calcium imaging in paraventricular thalamus and optogenetic inhibition of the prelimbic cortex to paraventricular thalamus pathway, we show that this speed-safety trade off occurs because increases in paraventricular thalamus activity increase decision caution, thereby increasing approach–avoid decision times in the presence of danger. Our findings demonstrate that a discrete brain circuit involving the paraventricular thalamus and its prefrontal input adjusts decision caution during motivational conflict, trading off decision speed for decision safety when danger is close. We identify the corticothalamic pathway as central to cognitive control during decision-making under conflict

On abstract nouns and countability

Die vorliegende Dissertation befasst sich mit der Zählbarkeit abstrakter Substantive, die in der Literatur zur Semantik von Substantiven kaum berücksichtigt wurden. Die Erforschung einer Teilmenge von Abstrakta anhand der Annotation von lexikalischen Merkmalen und einer gezielten Korpusstudie ermöglicht einen Einblick in das Sortenpotential dieser Nomina. Aus dieser Untersuchung lässt sich eine Reihe von Generalisierungen ableiten, anhand derer eine semantische Analyse der Zählbarkeit bei Ereignisnominalisierungen bereitgestellt wird. Das wesentliche Kriterium, das zählbare Ereignisse von nicht-zählbaren unterscheidet ist die Vagheit der Atome, die in Abhängigkeit zur Aktionsart des zugrundeliegenden Ereignisses bestimmt wird. Mit der Ausarbeitung der Zählbarkeit in Ereignissen stelle ich erste Anregungen für eine kompositionelle Analyse vor. Demzufolge trägt diese Ausarbeitung wesentlich zur Diskussion der Zählbarkeit und Ereignissemantik in der aktuellen Forschung bei.Abstract nouns have often been left out from semantic analyses of count and mass nouns in linguistic theories. This thesis presents an empirical investigation of a subset of abstract nouns, i.e. eventuality denoting nominals. I use annotation mining for deriving discriminating features of eventuality denoting nominals that trigger their countability preference. This investigation is enriched by a corpus study of relevant count and mass occurrences of a sample of such nouns. Focusing on eventuality denoting nominals, I argue that these nouns resemble concrete nouns in that the countability distinctions are expressed in surprising similarity. The core feature distinguishing abstract count from abstract mass nouns is the vagueness of the minimal components which is determined by the telicity of the underlying event. The minimal components of the count eventualities appear to be stable through all precisifications, unlike those of mass eventualities which are not determined and vary

A study of functioning of thylakoid membranes in inbred lines of maize (Zea mays L.)

Thermal processes of delayed chlorophyll fluorescence (DF) within an intact leaf segment of inbred lines of maize (Zea mays L.) within the temperature range of 24-60°C were studied. The method for chlorophyll DF measurements is non-invasive and was developed in order to study the connection between bioluminescence and photosynthesis. Two maize inbreeds (ZPPL 52 and ZPLK 132), that are considered to have a scientific and professional value in breeding, were observed. Obtained results on the temperature dependence of chlorophyll DF indicated that the inbred ZPPL 52 is more resistant to temperatures. The first temperature effect in this inbred was observed at 34°C, while the maximum chlorophyll DF intensity is registered at 60°C. The corresponding estimates in the inbred ZPLK 132 were detected at 31.5°C and 52.0°C, respectively. The air drought treatments of the inbred ZPLK 132 lowered the stated temperatures to 30.5°C, i.e. 47.5°C, respectively. Conformational changes were observed in thylakoid membranes of studied maize inbred lines. The obtained changes were determined by the number and the grade of critical temperatures. There were four critical temperatures in each of the studied inbreeds, while there were five critical temperatures in the inbred ZPLK 132 under air drought treatment. Different levels of activation energy (Ea, kJ mol-1) for chlorophyll DF thermal processes varied from -21,7 and -22.00 to 241.44 kJ mol-1. The values of Ea obtained in observed maize inbred lines differ over the number, sign and magnitude. Negative Ea values were detected in all cases of chlorophyll DF intensity increases with the temperature increase, which was established for the first time. Such values of Ea are explained by conformational changes in chlorophyll molecules and by their reactivity. Results and discussion of presented parameters of total thermal processes of chlorophyll DF (temperature dependence, critical temperatures and activation energy), can be an important factor for a more exact characterisation of maize inbred lines in relation to their resistance and adaptation to temperature and drought, contributing to a more rapid and rational development of the selection process

CReSCENT: Cancer single cell expressioN toolkit

CReSCENT: CanceR Single Cell ExpressioN Toolkit (https://crescent.cloud), is an intuitive and scalable web portal incorporating a containerized pipeline execution engine for standardized analysis of singlecell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data. While scRNA-seq data for tumour specimens are readily generated, subsequent analysis requires highperformance computing infrastructure and user expertise to build analysis pipelines and tailor interpretation for cancer biology. CReSCENT uses public data sets and preconfigured pipelines that are accessible to computational biology non-experts and are user-editable to allow optimization, comparison, and reanalysis for specific experiments. Users can also upload their own scRNA-seq data for analysis and results can be kept private or shared with other users

QUALINET White Paper on Definitions of Immersive Media Experience (IMEx)

With the coming of age of virtual/augmented reality and interactive media, numerous definitions, frameworks, and models of immersion have emerged across different fields ranging from computer graphics to literary works. Immersion is oftentimes used interchangeably with presence as both concepts are closely related. However, there are noticeable interdisciplinary differences regarding definitions, scope, and constituents that are required to be addressed so that a coherent understanding of the concepts can be achieved. Such consensus is vital for paving the directionality of the future of immersive media experiences (IMEx) and all related matters. The aim of this white paper is to provide a survey of definitions of immersion and presence which leads to a definition of immersive media experience (IMEx). The Quality of Experience (QoE) for immersive media is described by establishing a relationship between the concepts of QoE and IMEx followed by application areas of immersive media experience. Influencing factors on immersive media experience are elaborated as well as the assessment of immersive media experience. Finally, standardization activities related to IMEx are highlighted and the white paper is concluded with an outlook related to future developments