Financial Sector Reforms and International Trade Competitiveness: A Case Study of Pakistan

This paper explores the relationship between financial development and international trade competitiveness in the case of Pakistan. An earlier study on this issue, Hanif and Jafri (2008), has some empirical limitations as it is based on Engle-Granger (1987) two steps procedure while dealing with multiple variables regressions. In this study we have used ARDL model by Pesaran, Shin and Smith (1999). We have also applied Johansen test for cointegration and checked the robustness of results established by the ARDL model. We have estimated the cointegration vector using Stock and Watson (1993) dynamic OLS method. We find a stable long run positive relationship between international trade competitiveness of Pakistan and its financial sector development. The estimated external finance elasticity of international trade competitiveness of textile sector in Pakistan is found to be 0.26 which is significantly higher than 0.17 estimated by Hanif and Jafri (2008).Financial Development, Competitiveness

An Analysis of Non-Periodic AMCs Structure on Array Antenna at 28 GHz

In this work, two designs of a 16x1 array antenna with non-periodic AMCs structures are designed at a frequency of the 28 GHz. Four types of AMC pattern are designed and arranged to the upper and lower sides of the substrate surface. The AMCs are arranged unevenly by size and shape of the designs. Both designs of the antenna with AMCs are compared with the antenna without AMC. In comparison, between the proposed designs of 16x1 array antenna integrated with AMC and antenna without AMC, it shows that there is slightly enhancement of the antenna performance in terms of gain, bandwidth and side lobe level. The maximum of gain is 19.33 dB compared to the antenna without AMC of 18.61 dB. The bandwidth is increased up to 1 GHz, which meet the requirement at the frequency of 28 GHz The side lobe level is reduced from -16.7 dB to -19.1 dB and -16.7 dB to -20.3 dB for both designs antenna with AMCs when compared to the antenna without AMC. It can be seen that, the antenna integrated with AMC able to use at 5G technology without adding any layer and the thickness of the antenna

Simulation of Single Stage Cascode Low Noise Amplifier at 5.8GHz Using T-Matching Network

This paper presents a 5.8 GHz single stage cascode low noise amplifier using T-matching techniques for IEEE 802.16 standard. The amplifier use FHX76LP Low Noise SuperHEMT FET. The design simulation process is using Advance Design System (ADS) software. The cascode low noise amplifier (LNA) produced gain of 17.21dB and noise figure (NF) at 0.845dB. The input reflection (S11) and output return loss (S22) are -12.71dB and -15.52dB respectively. The bandwidth of the amplifier is 1GHz. The input sensitivity is complying with the IEEE 802.16 standards

The Cascode and Cascaded Techniques LNA at 5.8GHz Using T-Matching Network for WiMAX Applications

This project presents the cascode and cascaded techniques LNA at 5.8GHz using T-matching network applicable for worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WIMAX) application. The amplifier uses FHX76LP Low Noise SuperHEMT FET. The LNA designed used T-matching network consisting of lump element reactive element at the input and the output terminal. The cascode and cascaded low noise amplifier (LNA) produced gain of 52.4dB and noise figure (NF) at 1.3dB. The input reflection (S11) and output return loss (S22) are -19.71dB and -10.07dB respectively. The bandwidth of the amplifier is more than 1.24GHz. The input sensitivity is compliant with the IEEE 802.16 standards

High Gain of Cascode LNA at 5.8GHz Using T-Matching Network for wireless Applications

This paper presents a design of high gain single stage cascode low noise amplifier (LNA), which operates at 5.8GHz frequency for WIMAX application. The LNA design used T-Matching network consisting of lump reactive element at input and output matching. The design simulation process is using Advance Design System (ADS) software. A cascode low noise amplifier (LNA) produced gain of 19.52dB and noise figure (NF) at 1.195dB. The input reflection (S11) and output return loss (S22) are -18.86dB and -19.49dB respectively. The bandwidth of the amplifier is more than 1GHz. The input sensitivity is complying with the IEEE 802.16 standards. The LNA used FHX76LP low noise SuperHEMT FET transistor from Eudyna Inc

High Gain, Low Noise Cascode LNA Using T-Matching Network for Wireless Applications

This paper presents a high gain, low noise Cascoded LNA using T-matching network applicable for wireless applications. The amplifier use FHX76LP Low Noise SuperHEMT FET. The LNA designed used T-matching network consisting of lump reactive element at the input and the output terminal. The cascode low noise amplifier (LNA) produced gain of 18.5 dB and noise figure (NF) of 1.30 dB. The input reflection (S11) and output return loss (S22) are -11.5 dB and -12.3 dB respectively. The bandwidth of the amplifier recorded is 1.4 GHz.The input sensitivity is compliant with the IEEE 802.16 standards

Low Noise Figure of Cascaded LNA at 5.8GHz Using T-Matching Network for WiMAX Applications

This project presents the low Noise Figure (NF) cascaded Low Noise Amplifier (LNA) at 5.8GHz using T-matching network applicable for WiMAX application. The amplifier used FHX76LP Low Noise SuperHEMT FET. The LNA designed used T-matching network consisting of lump reactive element at the input and the output terminal. The cascaded LNA produced noise figure of 1.3 dB and forward gain of 36.8 dB. The input reflection (S11) and output return loss (S22) are -12.4 dB and -12.3 dB respectively. The bandwidth of the amplifier is more than 1.24 GHz. The input sensitivity is compliant with the IEEE 802.16 standards

Financial Sector Reforms and International Trade Competitiveness: A Case Study of Pakistan

This paper explores the relationship between financial development and international trade competitiveness in the case of Pakistan. An earlier study on this issue, Hanif and Jafri (2008), has some empirical limitations as it is based on Engle-Granger (1987) two steps procedure while dealing with multiple variables regressions. In this study we have used ARDL model by Pesaran, Shin and Smith (1999). We have also applied Johansen test for cointegration and checked the robustness of results established by the ARDL model. We have estimated the cointegration vector using Stock and Watson (1993) dynamic OLS method. We find a stable long run positive relationship between international trade competitiveness of Pakistan and its financial sector development. The estimated external finance elasticity of international trade competitiveness of textile sector in Pakistan is found to be 0.26 which is significantly higher than 0.17 estimated by Hanif and Jafri (2008)

Financial Sector Reforms and International Trade Competitiveness: A Case Study of Pakistan

This paper explores the relationship between financial development and international trade competitiveness in the case of Pakistan. An earlier study on this issue, Hanif and Jafri (2008), has some empirical limitations as it is based on Engle-Granger (1987) two steps procedure while dealing with multiple variables regressions. In this study we have used ARDL model by Pesaran, Shin and Smith (1999). We have also applied Johansen test for cointegration and checked the robustness of results established by the ARDL model. We have estimated the cointegration vector using Stock and Watson (1993) dynamic OLS method. We find a stable long run positive relationship between international trade competitiveness of Pakistan and its financial sector development. The estimated external finance elasticity of international trade competitiveness of textile sector in Pakistan is found to be 0.26 which is significantly higher than 0.17 estimated by Hanif and Jafri (2008)

High Performance Substrate Integrated Waveguide Bandstop Filter using Dual-radial Cavity Resonator

A SIW bandstop filter is designed by coupling two cavity resonators to the SIW line. Dual-radial cavity resonators are proposed to design the SIW bandstop filter. Two single radial cavity resonator SIW bandstop filter are designed first. After that, a dual-radial cavity resonator SIW bandstop filter is designed based on the two single radial cavity resonator SIW bandstop filter. The designed bandstop filter operates at X-band frequency with a stopband from 8.7GHz to 9.2GHz, and it is implemented on RO4350B substrate with a thickness of 0.508mm. An insertion loss of less than 3dB is achieved, and the bandstop filter have a sharp roll of with attenuation of -34dB. This bandstop filter can be applied in the radar syste