Screening for Social Determinants of Health in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Purpose/Background Increased social determinants of health (SDoH) are associated with poorer health outcomes and decreased treatment compliance. Addressing SDoH can be associated with increased treatment compliance, although currently there is no standard for completing SDoH screening. The WE CARE screening tool is a validated screen that asks about 6 SDoH and whether the family is interested in assistance if the screen is positive. The purpose of this project was to implement the use of the WE CARE screening tool for patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) at follow-up visits. Methods From October 17, 2022 through November 22, 2022, charts were reviewed for patients scheduled with the participating nurse practitioner and physicians who met inclusion criteria. The WE CARE screening tool was administered and reviewed by the provider, then a referral to social work could be initiated if needed. Results Following chart review, 23 patients met eligibility criteria, and of these 12 (52%) completed a WE CARE form. Needs were identified on 2 of the completed forms (17 %), and no referrals were made to social work. Implications for Nursing Practice During the implementation period of this quality improvement project, only about half of eligible families had a screening form completed, either because the parent refused or because the physician or nurse practitioner forgot to give the form to the family. Based on the results of this initial implementation phase, more information is needed from the participating healthcare providers about whether they did not feel comfortable using the screen, thought the screen was helpful, or if there were other factors impacting the rate of form completion. It may also be helpful to try to use this screening tool with new patients first instead of follow-ups. The results of the current project do not yet support a change in practice by implementing this tool

How Does School-Based Depression Education Effect Depression Scores: A Scoping Review

Purpose: The purpose of this scoping review is to provide a detailed look into depression education courses among adolescents, ages 10-19 years old, and determine if the adolescents’ knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs regarding depression are impacted. Specific Aims: •Determine the impact of a school-based depression education program •Evaluate programs for early knowledge and prevention of depression •Compare the current school curriculum with the addition of depression educatio

Depression Screening in Type 2 Diabetes in Adolescent 12-18 Year Olds

Background Although more commonly diagnosed in adults, type 2 diabetes is increasingly diagnosed in pediatric populations in the United States. Research suggests a correlation between depression and type 2 diabetes, however, a gap in research exists regarding depression and type 2 diabetes among pediatrics, specifically adolescents. This scoping review aims to address this gap by assessing the impact of depression screening on glycemic control in this specific population. Purpose The goal of the review is to contribute to the development of effective strategies for depressing screening in adolescents with type 2 diabetes, with the expectation this may positively impact glycemic control. Methods Between August 2022 and November 2023, a journal review was conducted to identify studies that examined adolescent depression in those with a type 2 diabetes mellitus diagnosis. Individual searches were conducted across various sources such as PubMed, Medline, and CINAHL. The following keywords were used to identify articles: adolescent, youth, depression, type 2 diabetes, depression screening, standardized screening, glycemic control, and HbA1c. Results Thirteen articles were identified following rapid critical appraisal, which yielded a final selection of eleven articles used in this review. Prior studies have primarily been limited to either type 1 diabetes or adults without fully exploring the relationship of depression in adolescents with type 2 diabetes. Thirteen articles were identified, yielding a final selection of 11 articles after rapid critical analysis used in this review. These consisted of five cohort studies, two descriptive studies, and four quality-improvement studies. All studies completed baseline depression screenings while most obtained HbA1c, but less than half examined any relationship between the two, yielding inconsistent findings. Implication for Nursing Practice The outcomes in this scoping review identified that more research is needed to establish any correlation between depression screening and type 2 diabetes. The articles used in this scoping review evaluated HbA1c measurement, glycemic control, and mood regulation in the adolescent population but not how they co-relate. These findings support the idea that incorporating depression screenings at regular intervals into the care of adolescents with type 2 diabetes may help providers prioritize both the physical and mental health of at-risk patients

The Impact of Social Determinants of Health on Adherence to Urinary Tract Infection Treatment: A Scoping Review

Purpose/Background Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a common diagnosis among children. Patients must fully comply with treatment regimens to reduce the risk of recurring UTIs and prevent long-term complications. This scoping review aims to evaluate the literature and examine the association between screening for social determinants of health (SDH) and adherence to UTI treatment. Methods A thorough literature search via PubMed, Cochrane Library, Elsevier Clinical Key, CINAHL, and JAMA was conducted with the following keywords: Pediatric UTI, Adherence to Treatment Plans, Social Determinants of Health, Social Needs Screening, and others. Ten articles were appraised for their evidence and quality. The articles focus on the diagnosis of a UTI in the pediatric population, social needs screening, SDH, and treatment compliance. A synthesis of results table was composed to examine SDH and evaluate the association between social needs screening and improved outcomes. Results The literature review indicates a correlation between unmet social needs and patient outcomes. UTIs can affect patients and their families, and in-person interventions can improve compliance and health outcomes. Two studies reported improved health outcomes following social needs screening and allocation of resources. Two studies highlight the importance of the medical home and provider\u27s role in assisting with social needs. Implications for Practice The results of this scoping review highlight the need for social needs screening and provide insight into the effects that unmet social needs can have on treatment compliance. Providers can strive to improve patient outcomes by screening for social needs and allocating resources. This review highlights the need for further research into implementing social needs screening in clinical practice to reduce UTIs and improve compliance in the pediatric population