Case Study on the Response of Local Government to the Educational Public Opinion in China ——Take the "Postponement of College Entrance Examination in Shexian County, Anhui Province" as an Example

This paper takes the postponement of the college entrance examination in Shexian County, Anhui Province as an example, and combines the characteristics of public opinion communication to analyze the response measures of the local governments in response to public opinion emergencies from the perspective of new media, so as to summarize the experience of local governments in public opinion response. Keywords: Shexian County, College Entrance Examination, public opinions, response DOI: 10.7176/NMMC/103-02 Publication date: December 31st 202

PICNN: A Pathway towards Interpretable Convolutional Neural Networks

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have exhibited great performance in discriminative feature learning for complex visual tasks. Besides discrimination power, interpretability is another important yet under-explored property for CNNs. One difficulty in the CNN interpretability is that filters and image classes are entangled. In this paper, we introduce a novel pathway to alleviate the entanglement between filters and image classes. The proposed pathway groups the filters in a late conv-layer of CNN into class-specific clusters. Clusters and classes are in a one-to-one relationship. Specifically, we use the Bernoulli sampling to generate the filter-cluster assignment matrix from a learnable filter-class correspondence matrix. To enable end-to-end optimization, we develop a novel reparameterization trick for handling the non-differentiable Bernoulli sampling. We evaluate the effectiveness of our method on ten widely used network architectures (including nine CNNs and a ViT) and five benchmark datasets. Experimental results have demonstrated that our method PICNN (the combination of standard CNNs with our proposed pathway) exhibits greater interpretability than standard CNNs while achieving higher or comparable discrimination power

Contribution of GalU to biofilm formation, motility, antibiotic and serum resistance, and pathogenicity of Salmonella Typhimurium

IntroductionSalmonella Typhimurium is the leading cause of foodborne illnesses in China, resulting in major epidemics and economic losses in recent years. Uridine diphosphate–glucose pyrophosphorylase galU plays an important role in thebiosynthesis of the bacterial envelope. Herein, we evaluated the role of galU in S. Typhimurium infection in chicken. MethodsA galU gene mutant was successfully constructed by red homologous recombination technology, and biological characteristics were studied.ResultsThe galU mutant strain had a rough phenotype;was defective in biofilm formation, autoagglutination, and motility; exhibited greater sensitivity to most antibiotics, serum, and egg albumen; and had lowercapacity for adhesion to chicken embryo fibroblasts cell line (DF-1). The galU mutant showed dramatically attenuated pathogenicity in chicken embryos (100,000-fold), BALB/c mice (420-fold), and chicks (100-fold).DiscussionThe results imply that galU is an important virulence factor in the pathogenicity of S. Typhimurium, and it may serve a target for the development of veterinary drugs, providing a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of S. Typhimurium