Health Services Research on Endoscopic Surveillance for Gastric Cancer in the Singapore Chinese Population - Experience of the Gastric Cancer Epidemiology Clinical and Genetic Program

Ph.DDOCTOR OF PHILOSOPH

Delta amino levulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) polymorphism and its effect on human susceptibility to renal toxicity by inorganic lead

Master'sMASTER OF SCIENCE (CLINICAL SCIENCE

Contributors to linkage between Arctic warming and East Asian winter climate

Previous modelling and observational studies have shown discrepancies in the interannual relationship of winter surface air temperature (SAT) between Arctic and East Asia, stimulating the debate about whether Arctic change can influence midlatitude climate. This study uses two sets of coordinated experiments (EXP1 and EXP2) from six different atmospheric general circulation models. Both EXP1 and EXP2 consist of 130 ensemble members, each of which in EXP1 (EXP2) was forced by the same observed daily varying sea ice and daily varying (daily climatological) sea surface temperature (SST) for 1982–2014 but with different atmospheric initial conditions. Large spread exists among ensemble members in simulating the Arctic–East Asian SAT relationship. Only a fraction of ensemble members can reproduce the observed deep Arctic warming–cold continent pattern which extends from surface to upper troposphere, implying the important role of atmospheric internal variability. The mechanisms of deep Arctic warming and shallow Arctic warming are further distinguished. Arctic warming aloft is caused primarily by poleward moisture transport, which in conjunction with the surface warming coupled with sea ice melting constitutes the surface-amplified deep Arctic warming throughout the troposphere. These processes associated with the deep Arctic warming may be related to the forcing of remote SST when there is favorable atmospheric circulation such as Rossby wave train propagating from the North Atlantic into the Arctic.publishedVersio

The Role of Mid-latitude Westerly Jet in the Impacts of November Ural Blocking on Early-Winter Warmer Arctic-Colder Eurasia Pattern

Based on statistical analysis using observations and idealized model simulations, previous studies have revealed the potential response of early-winter atmospheric circulation and temperature anomalies to November Ural blocking (UB) anomalies. Using a large number of coupled simulations, this study found that the response is sensitive to the intensity of November mid-latitude westerly jet over Eurasia. Stronger-than-normal November UB without a significantly weakened westerly jet could not cause significant atmospheric response in early-winter. By contrast, stronger-than-normal November UB with a significantly weakened jet would be followed by a warmer Arctic-colder Eurasia (WACE) pattern in December. The significantly weakened westerly jet favors stronger upward propagation of planetary waves, which causes stronger weakening and longer persistence of the stratospheric polar vortex. This stratospheric response persists into December and propagates downward into the troposphere interfering with planetary waves (especially wavenumber-1). The lead-lag UB-WACE linkage modulated by mid-latitude jet may have implications for sub-seasonal predictability.publishedVersio

Coronavirus and COVID-19: The latest news and views from the scientific community about the new coronavirus and COVID-19.

Introduction: Coronavirus is a family of viruses that cause respiratory infections. The new coronavirus agent was discovered on 12/31/19 after cases registered in China. It causes the disease called coronavirus (COVID-19). The first human coronaviruses were isolated for the first time in 1937. However, it was in 1965 that the virus was described as coronavirus, due to the profile under microscopy, looking like a crown. Objectives: This article aims to bring the most current medical literature on the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19). Methodology: The publications with the greatest impact factor in  February and March 2020 were searched in Nature, Elservie, JAMA and Wiley. Results: More than 200 articles on COVID-19 were found and 20 articles were selected with the highest number of citations on Google Scholar. Conclusion: Until March 2020, there is no really effective treatment against COVID-19, but many medications are being tested and with very promising results. The concern with the economy is also an extremely relevant factor at this moment.Introduction: Coronavirus is a family of viruses that cause respiratory infections. The new coronavirus agent was discovered on 12/31/19 after cases registered in China. It causes the disease called coronavirus (COVID-19). The first human coronaviruses were isolated for the first time in 1937. However, it was in 1965 that the virus was described as coronavirus, due to the profile under microscopy, looking like a crown. Objectives: This article aims to bring the most current medical literature on the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19). Methodology: The publications with the greatest impact factor in  February and March 2020 were searched in Nature, Elservie, JAMA and Wiley. Results: More than 200 articles on COVID-19 were found and 20 articles were selected with the highest number of citations on Google Scholar. Conclusion: Until March 2020, there is no really effective treatment against COVID-19, but many medications are being tested and with very promising results. The concern with the economy is also an extremely relevant factor at this moment