Effect of Copper and Iron Ions on the Sulphidizing Flotation of Copper Oxide in Copper Smelting Slag

The treatment of smelting slag has attracted much attention nowadays. This study investigates the influence of Na2S, CuSO4, and FeCl3 on sulphidizing flotation of copper oxide. The results show that a proper Cu2+ concentration can increase the sulphidizing effect of copper oxide, while Fe3+ inhibits the sulphidizing effect. Further analysis shows that Cu2+ ions can reduce the surface potential, increase the S2− adsorption, then generate more polysulfide, and therefore promote the sulphidizing flotation. However, Fe3+ ions would increase the surface potential, reduce the S2− adsorption, generate more sulfur element, and therefore inhibit the sulphidizing flotation

Time-resolved boson sampling with photons of different colors

Interference of multiple photons via a linear-optical network has profound applications for quantum foundation, quantum metrology and quantum computation. Particularly, a boson sampling experiment with a moderate number of photons becomes intractable even for the most powerful classical computers, and will lead to "quantum supremacy". Scaling up from small-scale experiments requires highly indistinguishable single photons, which may be prohibited for many physical systems. Here we experimentally demonstrate a time-resolved version of boson sampling by using photons not overlapping in their frequency spectra from three atomic-ensemble quantum memories. Time-resolved measurement enables us to observe nonclassical multiphoton correlation landscapes. An average fidelity over several interferometer configurations is measured to be 0.936(13), which is mainly limited by high-order events. Symmetries in the landscapes are identified to reflect symmetries of the optical network. Our work thus provides a route towards quantum supremacy with distinguishable photons.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, 1 tabl

Experimental Study of Cohesive Embankment Dam Breach Formation due to Overtopping

The recurrent floods in recent decades have imposed a challenge of embankment dam breaching, which needs great attention through improved design methods that are based on risk approach, the evacuation plans for people at risk, etc. In this study, based on the small-scale model tests a series of experiments were conducted to determine the breaching process of cohesive embankment dam using a simplified physical based breach model due to overtopping; the breach process observed during tests in the laboratory and the results from analyzed parameters are described. Five dam models, three of which were constructed with homogenous clay soil while two were sandy-clay mixture tested. The heights of the embankments dam were 0.45 m, and the widths at the crest were 0.20 m. The data from these examinations indicated that headcut erosion played an important role in the process of breach development. Initiation of erosion, flow shear erosion, sidewall bottom erosion, and distinct soil mechanical slope mass failure from the headcut vertically and laterally were all observed during these tests. In this physical based experimental model, the initial scouring position calculated by applying a hydraulic method, the broad crested weir formula used for breaching flow discharge and flow velocity computed based on breach flow discharge. The stability of the side slope failures was estimated by comparing the resisting and deriving force. Further, using data from laboratory experiments, the calculated peak breach discharge, breach characteristics times, breach widths, and breach flow velocity generally agreed well with the measured data and also the knowledge acquired from observed breach process at several stages. Finally, the accuracy of model was checked by root-mean-square-error

Experimental Quantum Teleportation and Multi-Photon Entanglement via Interfering Narrowband Photon Sources

In this letter, we report a realization of synchronization-free quantum teleportation and narrowband three-photon entanglement through interfering narrowband photon sources. Since both the single-photon and the entangled photon pair utilized are completely autonomous, it removes the requirement of high demanding synchronization technique in long-distance quantum communication with pulsed spontaneous parametric down-conversion sources. The frequency linewidth of the three-photon entanglement realized is on the order of several MHz, which matches the requirement of atomic ensemble based quantum memories. Such a narrowband multi-photon source will have applications in some advanced quantum communication protocols and linear optical quantum computation

Impact of quadrupole deformation on intermediate-energy heavy-ion collisions

This study employs the isospin-dependent Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck model to simulate intermediate-energy heavy-ion collisions between prolate nuclei $^{24}$Mg. The emphasis is on investigating the influence of centrality and orientation in several collision scenarios. The final-state particle multiplicities and anisotropic flows are primarily determined by the eccentricity and the area of the initial overlap. This not only provides feedback on the collision systems, but also, to some extent, provides a means to explore the fine structure inside deformed nuclei. Additionally, non-polarized collisions have been further discussed. These results contribute to the understanding of the geometric effects in nuclear reactions, and aid in the exploration of other information on reaction systems, such as the equation of state and nuclear high-momentum tail

Stability of Excited Dressed States with Spin-Orbit Coupling

We study the decay behaviors of ultracold atoms in metastable states with spin-orbit coupling (SOC), and demonstrate that there are two SOC-induced decay mechanisms. One arises from the trapping potential and the other is due to interatomic collision. We present general schemes for calculating decay rates from these two mechanisms, and illustrate how the decay rates can be controlled by experimental parameters.We experimentally measure the decay rates over a broad parameter region, and the results agree well with theoretical calculations. This work provides an insight for both quantum simulation involving metastable dressed states and studies on few-body problems with SO coupling.Comment: 4.5 pages, 4 figures, the latest versio