(Z)-2-Hydr­oxy-3-(4-methoxy­phen­yl)acrylic acid

In the structure of the title compound, C10H10O4, inversion dimers linked by pairs of O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the carboxylic acid groups. Further O—H⋯O links cross-link the dimers into sheets running along the b-axis direction

(Z)-2-Acetamido-3-(4-chloro­phen­yl)acrylic acid

In the title compound, C11H10ClNO3, the mol­ecule consists of a benzene ring and an acetamido­acrylic acid unit on opposite sides of the C=C double bond. In the crystal, inter­molecular O—H⋯O and N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds assemble the mol­ecules into infinite two-dimensional ribbons. These ribbons are linked into a network by inter­molecular C—H⋯π contacts

The yeast prion protein Ure2: Structure, function and folding

The Saccharomyces cerevisiae protein Ure2 functions as a regulator of nitrogen metabolism and as a glutathione-dependent peroxidase. Ure2 also has the characteristics of a prion, in that it can undergo a heritable conformational change to an aggregated state; the prion form of Ure2 loses the regulatory function, but the enzymatic function appears to be maintained. A number of factors are found to affect the prion properties of Ure2, including mutation and expression levels of molecular chaperones, and the effect of these factors on structure and stability are being investigated. The relationship between structure, function and folding for the yeast prion Ure2 are discussed

Altered microRNA expression in patients with non-obstructive azoospermia

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small non-coding RNA molecules, are indicated to play essential roles in spermatogenesis. However, little is known about the expression patterns or function of miRNAs in human testes involved in infertility.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>In this study, the miRNA expression profiles of testes of patients with non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) and normal controls were performed by using microarray technologies.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Altered microRNA expression in NOA patients was found, with 154 differentially down-regulated and 19 up-regulated miRNAs. These findings have been confirmed by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assays on select miRNAs, including miR-302a, miR-491-3p, miR-520d-3p and miR-383. Several down-regulated miRNA clusters in patients with NOA were identified, such as the oncogenic potential of the mir-17-92 cluster and mir-371,2,3 cluster.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>This is the first report that the expression of miRNAs is altered in testicular tissues of patients with NOA, suggesting a role of miRNAs in regulating spermatogenesis in human males.</p

Rapid Identification of Asteraceae

Plants from Asteraceae family are widely used as herbal medicines and food ingredients, especially in Asian area. Therefore, authentication and quality control of these different Asteraceae plants are important for ensuring consumers’ safety and efficacy. In recent decades, electronic nose (E-nose) has been studied as an alternative approach. In this paper, we aim to develop a novel discriminative model by improving radial basis function artificial neural network (RBF-ANN) classification model. Feature selection algorithms, including principal component analysis (PCA) and BestFirst + CfsSubsetEval (BC), were applied in the improvement of RBF-ANN models. Results illustrate that in the improved RBF-ANN models with lower dimension data classification accuracies (100%) remained the same as in the original model with higher-dimension data. It is the first time to introduce feature selection methods to get valuable information on how to attribute more relevant MOS sensors; namely, in this case, S1, S3, S4, S6, and S7 show better capability to distinguish these Asteraceae plants. This paper also gives insights to further research in this area, for instance, sensor array optimization and performance improvement of classification model

The Datasets of human and AI translation

The datasets outline a methodical approach for comparing translations from Mandarin to Malay completed by humans and AI. The datasets contain a framework with rubrics for a keyword detection template to discover common words used by both humans and AI in their translation tasks. The datasets include a Mandarin poem originally written in Mandarin, along with translations by a belt-and-road project translator, a Mandarin native speaker translator, and a Malay native speaker translator categorised as human translators. It also contains translations by ChatGPT 3.5 with 1 prompt, and ChatGPT 4.0 with four different prompts. All these prompts are also listed in the dataset

Physical and chemical dual-confinement of polysulfides within hierarchically meso-microporous nitrogen-doped carbon nanocages for advanced Li-S batteries

Lithium–Sulfur (Li–S) batteries with high theoretical specific energy, environmentally benign and low cost are considered to be one of the most promising next-generation energy-storage systems compared with conventional lithium-ion batteries.</p