Review of the Resources and Utilization of Bamboo in China

China has made a breakthrough in the development and scientific cultivation of bamboo. At present, China ranks first in bamboo research worldwide, because of numerous research units and strong technical force. This chapter focuses on the utilization of bamboo resources such as food, roofs and walls of houses, fences, and domestic and agricultural implements such as water containers, food and drink container hats, arrows, quiver, etc. A total of 861 species and infraspecific taxa belonging to 43 genera have been reported and include 707 species, 52 varieties, 98 forma, and 4 hybrids, which are naturally distributed in 21 provinces. The national bamboo forest covers 6.01 million ha, including 4.43 million ha of Moso bamboo and 1.58 million ha of other bamboo species. As the country develops and new economic activities emerge, bamboo production has shifted from harsh processing, such as bamboo basket, to finished machining, such as bamboo flooring. The bamboo industry has attracted new opportunities as a new energy source, particularly renewable energy, and may be considered a lignocellulose substrate for bioethanol production because of its environmental benefits and high annual biomass yield

The complete chloroplast genome of Dendrocalamus hamiltonii (Poaceae, Bambuseae)

Dendrocalamus hamiltonii is one of the best bamboo species with bamboo shoots, and has higher economic value. The chloroplast genome is a circular molecule of 139404 bp in length, consisting of a 82938 bp large single copy region (LSC), a 12876 bp small single copy region (SSC), and a pair of inverted repeats region (IRa and IRb: 21795 bp each). The GC content of chloroplast genome is 38.9%. The cp genome contains a total of 133 genes, including 86 protein-coding genes, 8 rRNA genes, and 39 tRNA genes. Moreover, phylogenomic analysis showed that D. hamiltonii and D. brandisii clustered together in one branch

The complete chloroplast genome of Indosasa hispida ‘Rainbow’ (Poaceae, Bambuseae): an ornamental bamboo species in horticulture

Indosasa hispida ‘Rainbow’ is a new horticultural plant variety for anthocyanin production, which has great ornamental value and huge market potential. The chloroplast genome is 139,690 bp in length, containing a large single-copy region (LSC) of 83,268 bp, a small single-copy region (SSC) of 12,830 bp, and a pair of 21,796 bp inverted repeats region (IR). The GC content of chloroplast genome is 38.9%. There are 130 genes in the cp genome, including 83 protein-coding genes, 8 ribosomal RNA genes, and 39 transfer RNA genes. In addition, phylogenetic analysis firmly supported that I. hispida 'Rainbow' constituted that a sister species with Pleioblastus maculatus