Selective Leaching of Iron from Low Grade Ferruginous Manganese Ores of Sandur area, Karnataka for Ferromanganese Production by using Sucrose in Sulphuric Acid Medium

The vast reserves of low grade, ferruginous manganese ores from Deogiri mines, occur in to the well known Sandur greenstone belt in Bellary district, Karnataka. The ore contains 32.40% Mn, 24.49% Fe, 2.79% SiO, and 6.80% Alz03. It was sampled and subjected to physical beneficiation and selective reductive leaching of iron with sucrose (Cl2H,,,0,) in sulphuric acid medium. The aim of the present work is to raise the Mn/Fe ratio of the manganese ore which can be used as a raw materialforferro-manganese production. From XRD analysis and ore microscopic studies it was noticed that the major manganese minerals were pyrolusite, cryptomelane and lithiophorite, and the gangue minerals were hematite, goethite, limonite, manganiferous shales, quartz and aluminous clays. The ore was washed on Wilflev table to reject the possible gangue minerals. The concentrate obtained from Wilfley table was subjected to selective reductive leaching of iron using sucrose in sulphuric acid medium.The leaching experiments were carried out by varying the parameters like sucrose concentration (1-4g/100cc), time (30-120 minutes), pulp density (5-20%) and temperature (30-80°C) with constant feed size distribution of -200 mesh in all the experiments. The optimum condition of the total process of leaching obtained are 2g/100 cc of sucrose concentration, 90 minutes of time, 10% by weight pulp density 30 °C of temperature with 82.23% Fe in leached liquor. 74.54% Mn in residue, 9.35% Fe in residue with a Mn/Fe ratio of 7.96

Behavior of Reinforced Sand Subjected To Shear along Vertical Plane

For proper design of any reinforced structure, soil-reinforcement interaction should be determined. The pullout resistance of the reinforcement is an important parameter in the design of reinforced earth structures. The existing design procedures consider the pullout resistance due to only axial pull. However, the kinematics of failure clearly establishes that the reinforcement is displaced obliquely. This work presents the results of reinforced soil bed when sheared normal to the reinforcement. Tests materials included sand and several soil reinforcements like strips, geogrids, etc. The shear stress-displacement responses at various normal stresses are presented and test results show that the shear resistance of reinforced sand under normal shear is significantly higher than that of unreinforced sand. Plots are provided showing the comparison of the shear stress-displacement response of reinforced and unreinforced beds under the test conditions proposed in the study

Theoretical analysis of steady state operating forces in control valves

The controlling components, such as valves are used to regulate controlled fluid power. It is not always possible to calculate valve forces accurately, and with some types of valves even the existence of certain types of forces cannot be predicted with certainty. In many cases, however, the analysis can be made fairly completely and accurately. The assumption of steady state conditions is valid for the valve alone, but transient effects in the rest of the system may be large. These effects are particularly important with regard to the instability of valves, where the system may react on the valve in such a way as to make it squeal or oscillate, sometimes with large amplitude. The origin of the steady state flow force understood from a brief qualitative explanation. The following paper will summarize much of what is known about valve forces in the spool type controlling element

Theoretical analysis of steady state operating forces in control valves

The controlling components, such as valves are used to regulate controlled fluid power. It is not always possible to calculate valve forces accurately, and with some types of valves even the existence of certain types of forces cannot be predicted with certainty. In many cases, however, the analysis can be made fairly completely and accurately. The assumption of steady state conditions is valid for the valve alone, but transient effects in the rest of the system may be large. These effects are particularly important with regard to the instability of valves, where the system may react on the valve in such a way as to make it squeal or oscillate, sometimes with large amplitude. The origin of the steady state flow force understood from a brief qualitative explanation. The following paper will summarize much of what is known about valve forces in the spool type controlling element

AppHunter: Mobile Application Traffic Classification

Traffic classification finds its application in the implementation of various services like Quality of Service (QoS) and security monitoring. In today's networks, a significant portion of traffic is generated from mobile applications. Thus, a robust and accurate mobile application traffic classification technique is needed. In this paper, we propose AppHunter, a mobile application classification technique to classify Android applications using Deep Packet Inspection (DPI). Unlike previously known mobile application classification techniques, AppHunter is an unsupervised approach and does not require training with flows explicitly collected for each application. AppHunter extracts required fields from HTTP/HTTPS header of a flow and compares them with application details extracted from Google Playstore. We test the classification performance of AppHunter with two publicly available datasets and one dataset generated by simulating more than thousand applications in our testbed setup and report the results. We also show an application of AppHunter by using its rules for network traffic filtering and shaping

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