KINEMATIC ANALYSIS OF THREE DIFFERENT BADMINTON BACKHAND OVERHEAD STROKES

The purpose of this study was to analyze the performance of three different backhand overhead strokes (smash, clear and drop). In this study, we are interested in analyzing the phase of preparation position to the point of making contact with the shuttle. Two Redlake high-speed video cameras operating at 250Hz were simultaneously used to obtain 3-D data. A repeated one-way ANOVA and Pearson product moment correlation were used to test the selected variables at .05 significant levels. It was concluded that increasing the shoulder angle of drop and the wrist angular velocity of smash and clear will increase the shuttle velocity

Maximally efficient two-stage screening: Determining intellectual disability in Taiwanese military conscripts

Chia-Chang Chien1, Shu-Fen Huang1,2,3,4, For-Wey Lung1,2,3,41Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; 2Graduate Institute of Behavioral Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; 3Department of Psychiatry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; 4Calo Psychiatric Center, Pingtung County, TaiwanObjective: The purpose of this study was to apply a two-stage screening method for the large-scale intelligence screening of military conscripts.Methods: We collected 99 conscripted soldiers whose educational levels were senior high school level or lower to be the participants. Every participant was required to take the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) and the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised (WAIS-R) assessments.Results: Logistic regression analysis showed the conceptual level responses (CLR) index of the WCST was the most significant index for determining intellectual disability (ID; FIQ ≤ 84). We used the receiver operating characteristic curve to determine the optimum cut-off point of CLR. The optimum one cut-off point of CLR was 66; the two cut-off points were 49 and 66. Comparing the two-stage window screening with the two-stage positive screening, the area under the curve and the positive predictive value increased. Moreover, the cost of the two-stage window screening decreased by 59%.Conclusion: The two-stage window screening is more accurate and economical than the two-stage positive screening. Our results provide an example for the use of two-stage screening and the possibility of the WCST to replace WAIS-R in large-scale screenings for ID in the future.Keywords: intellectual disability, intelligence screening, two-stage positive screening, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revise

Comorbidity and confounding factors in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and sleep disorders in children

Sleep problems are commonly reported in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms. Research data regarding the complex and reciprocal relationship between ADHD and sleep disturbances has now accumulated. This paper is focused on the types of sleep problems that are associated with ADHD symptomatology, and attempts to untangle confounding factors and overlapping symptoms. The goal is also to present an updated overview of the pathophysiology of and treatment strategies for sleep problems in children with ADHD. The review also points out that future research will be needed to clarify further the other psychiatric comorbidities and side effects of medication in order to improve treatment outcomes and prevent misdiagnosis in clinical practice

Replication Attack Detection in Mobile Wireless Sensor Network with LEACH-ME Routing Protocol

Because the Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) nodes are low-cost devices, attackers may capture some nodes in this network and then duplicate these nodes to eavesdrop the transmitted messages or even control the network gradually without difficulty. This is the so-called node replication attack. This type of attacks could cause the huge threat to information security of WSNs. Therefore, in this paper, we would like to suggest a detection approach which can offer good performance but with higher energy consumption. Hence, it can provide an alternative solution for some specific applications that need better precision but do not care energy or lifespan too much

Fever Screening at Airports and Imported Dengue

Airport fever screening in Taiwan, July 2003–June 2004, identified 40 confirmed dengue cases. Results obtained by capture immunoglobulin (Ig) M and IgG enzyme-linked immunoassay, real time 1-step polymerase chain reaction, and virus isolation showed that 33 (82.5%) of 40 patients were viremic. Airport fever screening can thus quickly identify imported dengue cases

BIOMECHANICAL ANALYSIS OF BADMINTON DIFFERENT FORWARD STEPS

The purpose of this study was to compare the biomechanical variables between 2-step and 3-step forward steps in badminton. Eight collegiate elite male badminton players participated in this study. Eight Vicon T-20 cameras (300 Hz) were used to record the 3D kinematics data and a Kistler force plate (1500 Hz) was used to collect the GRF data of the last steps. A Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-rank nonparametric statistical test was conducted to compare the differences between two kinds of forward step movements. The results showed that the movement time for 3-step movement was significantly faster than 2-step. We recommend that the badminton players should practice 3-step forward footwork technique. The additional strength and power training for lower limbs should be carried out for the footwork training

THE SURFACE EMG ACTIVITY ANALYSIS BETWEEN BADMINTON SMASH AND JUMP SMASH

Badminton smash is one of the most powerful techniques among all the racket sports. It may divide into smash and jump smash. The purpose of this study was to analyze the surface EMG activity of upper extremities between smash and jump smash by eight Taiwan elite badminton players. We used two digital video cameras to obtain the 3D kinematics data of shuttlecock, and measured the surface EMG signals of seven upper limb muscles. The results showed that there was no significant difference between the two smashes in initial shuttle velocity. Though the movements of the two smashes were similar, there were significant difference between the two smashes in the sequence of the surface EMG activity of the upper limb and the mean IEMG amplitude in a few muscles. We found that the jump smash exerted the higher EMG activity than smash in the phase before contact point

The potential of disproportionate growth of tricuspid valve after decompression of the right ventricle in patients with pulmonary atresia and intact ventricular septa

ObjectiveTricuspid valve size is the major determinant of outcomes for patients with pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum. Lack of right ventricle–pulmonary artery continuity is associated with poor tricuspid valve growth (decrement in Z-value). However, most reports did not show evidence for disproportionate growth of the tricuspid valve after establishment of right ventricle–pulmonary artery continuity.MethodsWe studied 40 patients with pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum who underwent initial right ventricular decompression for planned staged repair. The initial Z-value of the tricuspid valve diameter (Zt1) was obtained from the echocardiography-derived normal value. The late Z-value (Zt2) was measured before definitive repair or the last available Z-value, if definitive repair was not yet reached. The factors associated with the changes of Z-values (Zt2 − Zt1) were analyzed.ResultsThe mean initial tricuspid Z-value (Zt1) was −6.2 ± 3.5. After treatment (Zt2), the mean Z-value was −6.0 ± 3.4 (n = 34). Overall, the tricuspid Z-values did not change. Individually, the change in Z-value (Zt2 − Zt1) was larger than +2 in 11 (32%) patients and smaller than −2 in 6 (18%) patients. Increases in Z-value (Zt2 − Zt1) were significantly associated with right ventricular pressure/left ventricular pressure ratio measured after initial palliation (r = −0.54; P = .001) and the initial tricuspid valve Z-value (Zt1) (r = −0.40; P = .02).ConclusionsDisproportional growth of the tricuspid valve can occur, especially in patients with small tricuspid valves and lower right ventricular pressures after decompression. The findings support the possibility of neonates with small tricuspid valves undergoing biventricular repair after right ventricular decompression surgery