The Aharonov Casher phase of a bipartite entanglement pair traversing a quantum square ring

We propose in this article a quantum square ring that conveniently generates, annihilates and distills the Aharonov Casher phase with the aid of entanglement. The non-Abelian phase is carried by a pair of spin-entangled particles traversing the square ring. At maximal entanglement, dynamic phases are eliminated from the ring and geometric phases are generated in discrete values. By contrast, at partial to no entanglement, both geometric and dynamic phases take on discrete or locally continuous values depending only on the wavelength and the ring size. We have shown that entanglement in a non-Abelian system could greatly simplify future experimental efforts revolving around the studies of geometric phases.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures, 1 tabl

Spin Orbit Torque on a Curved Surface

We provide a general formulation of the spin-orbit coupling on a 2D curved surface. Considering the wide applicability of spin-orbit effect in spinor-based condensed matter physics, a general spin-orbit formulation could aid the study of spintronics, Dirac graphene, topological systems, and quantum information on curved surfaces. Particular attention is then devoted to the development of an important spin-orbit quantity known as the spin-orbit torque. As devices trend smaller in dimension, the physics of local geometries on spin-orbit torque, hence spin and magnetic dynamics shall not be neglected. We derived the general expression of a spin-orbit anisotropy field for the curved surfaces and provided explicit solutions in the special contexts of the spherical, cylindrical and flat coordinates. Our expressions allow spin-orbit anisotropy fields and hence spin-orbit torque to be computed over the entire surfaces of devices of any geometry.Comment: 14 pages, 5 figure

catena-Poly[[bis­(pyridine-κN)nickel(II)]-μ-oxalato-κ4 O 1,O 2:O 1′,O 2′]

The title compound, [Ni(C2O4)(C5H5N)2]n, was synthesized under hydro­(solvo)thermal conditions. The NiII atom, lying on a twofold rotation axis, has an octa­hedral coordination geometry involving two N atoms from two pyridine ligands and four O atoms from two oxalate ligands. The Ni atoms are connected by the tetra­dentate bridging oxalate ligands into a one-dimensional zigzag chain

Factors for poor prognosis of neonatal bacterial meningitis in a medical center in Northern Taiwan

BackgroundBacterial meningitis has long been a severe infectious disease in neonates, as well as a leading cause of adverse outcomes. We designed this study to know the factors for poor prognosis in neonatal bacterial meningitis.MethodsWe enrolled children aged less than 1 month who were admitted to Mackay Memorial Hospital from 1984 to 2008 and had culture-proven bacterial meningitis. The laboratory data and children’s clinical features were recorded. The patients’ outcomes were divided into four groups: death, having sequelae, complete recovery, and loss to follow-up. Patients with the outcomes of death and having sequelae were regarded as having a poor prognosis. Those who were lost to follow-up were excluded from the analysis of outcome. Multivariate analyses were performed to find the risk factors for poor prognosis.ResultsOne hundred fifty-six neonates fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Among these, 96 were boys (61.5%) and 102 (65.4%) had concomitant bacteremia. Group B streptococci (39.1%) and Escherichia coli (20.1%) were the two leading pathogens. Excluding those who were lost to follow-up (4.5%), 22 of 149 patients (14.8%) died, 36 (24.2%) had sequelae, and 91 (61.1%) recovered completely. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protein more than 500 mg/dL at admission {odds ratio (OR): 171.18 [95% confidence interval (CI): 25.6–1000]}, predisposition to congenital heart disease [OR: 48.96 (95% CI: 6.06–395.64)], hearing impairment found during hospitalization [OR: 23.40 (95% CI: 3.62–151.25)], and seizure at admission or during hospitalization [OR: 10.10 (95% CI: 2.11–48.32)] were the factors predicting poor prognosis.ConclusionIn this 25-year study of newborns with bacterial meningitis, approximately one-seventh of the patients died, while two-fifths had sequelae. Nearly two-thirds of these had concomitant bacteremia. Group B streptococci and E. coli remained the two leading pathogens throughout the study period. Several factors for poor prognosis in newborns with culture-proven bacterial meningitis were found: high CSF protein concentration, congenital heart disease, hearing impairment, and seizure

AutoML-GPT: Large Language Model for AutoML

With the emerging trend of GPT models, we have established a framework called AutoML-GPT that integrates a comprehensive set of tools and libraries. This framework grants users access to a wide range of data preprocessing techniques, feature engineering methods, and model selection algorithms. Through a conversational interface, users can specify their requirements, constraints, and evaluation metrics. Throughout the process, AutoML-GPT employs advanced techniques for hyperparameter optimization and model selection, ensuring that the resulting model achieves optimal performance. The system effectively manages the complexity of the machine learning pipeline, guiding users towards the best choices without requiring deep domain knowledge. Through our experimental results on diverse datasets, we have demonstrated that AutoML-GPT significantly reduces the time and effort required for machine learning tasks. Its ability to leverage the vast knowledge encoded in large language models enables it to provide valuable insights, identify potential pitfalls, and suggest effective solutions to common challenges faced during model training

Pneumothorax and mortality in the mechanically ventilated SARS patients: a prospective clinical study

INTRODUCTION: Pneumothorax often complicates the management of mechanically ventilated severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) patients in the isolation intensive care unit (ICU). We sought to determine whether pneumothoraces are induced by high ventilatory pressure or volume and if they are associated with mortality in mechanically ventilated SARS patients. METHODS: We conducted a prospective, clinical study. Forty-one mechanically ventilated SARS patients were included in our study. All SARS patients were sedated and received mechanical ventilation in the isolation ICU. RESULTS: The mechanically ventilated SARS patients were divided into two groups either with or without pneumothorax. Their demographic data, clinical characteristics, ventilatory variables such as positive end-expiratory pressure, peak inspiratory pressure, mean airway pressure, tidal volume, tidal volume per kilogram, respiratory rate and minute ventilation and the accumulated mortality rate at 30 days after mechanical ventilation were analyzed. There were no statistically significant differences in the pressures and volumes between the two groups, and the mortality was also similar between the groups. However, patients developing pneumothorax during mechanical ventilation frequently expressed higher respiratory rates on admission, and a lower PaO(2)/FiO(2 )ratio and higher PaCO(2 )level during hospitalization compared with those without pneumothorax. CONCLUSION: In our study, the SARS patients who suffered pneumothorax presented as more tachypnic on admission, and more pronounced hypoxemic and hypercapnic during hospitalization. These variables signaled a deterioration in respiratory function and could be indicators of developing pneumothorax during mechanical ventilation in the SARS patients. Meanwhile, meticulous respiratory therapy and monitoring were mandatory in these patients

Src-homology 2 domain-containing tyrosine phosphatase 2 promotes oral cancer invasion and metastasis

BACKGROUND: Tumor invasion and metastasis represent a major unsolved problem in cancer pathogenesis. Recent studies have indicated the involvement of Src-homology 2 domain-containing tyrosine phosphatase 2 (SHP2) in multiple malignancies; however, the role of SHP2 in oral cancer progression has yet to be elucidated. We propose that SHP2 is involved in the progression of oral cancer toward metastasis. METHODS: SHP2 expression was evaluated in paired oral cancer tissues by using immunohistochemical staining and real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Isogenic highly invasive oral cancer cell lines from their respective low invasive parental lines were established using a Boyden chamber assay, and changes in the hallmarks of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) were assessed to evaluate SHP2 function. SHP2 activity in oral cancer cells was reduced using si-RNA knockdown or enforced expression of a catalytically deficient mutant to analyze migratory and invasive ability in vitro and metastasis toward the lung in mice in vivo. RESULTS: We observed the significant upregulation of SHP2 in oral cancer tissues and cell lines. Following SHP2 knockdown, the oral cancer cells markedly attenuated migratory and invasion ability. We observed similar results in phosphatase-dead SHP2 C459S mutant expressing cells. Enhanced invasiveness was associated with significant upregulation of E-cadherin, vimentin, Snail/Twist1, and matrix metalloproteinase-2 in the highly invasive clones. In addition, we determined that SHP2 activity is required for the downregulation of phosphorylated ERK1/2, which modulates the downstream effectors, Snail and Twist1 at a transcript level. In lung tissue sections of mice, we observed that HSC3 tumors with SHP2 deletion exhibited significantly reduced metastatic capacity, compared with tumors administered control si-RNA. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that SHP2 promotes the invasion and metastasis of oral cancer cells. These results provide a rationale for further investigating the effects of small-molecule SHP2 inhibitors on the progression of oral cancer, and indicate a previously unrecognized SHP2-ERK1/2-Snail/Twist1 pathway that is likely to play a crucial role in oral cancer invasion and metastasis

Poly[[tri-μ3-hydroxido-tris­(μ4-pyridine-2,5-dicarboxyl­ato)trineodymium(III)] monohydrate]

In the title compound, {[Nd3(C7H3NO4)3(OH)3]·H2O}n, the NdIII atom is eight-coordinated by the three O atoms of three asymmetrically μ3-bridging hydroxide groups, by four carboxyl­ate O atoms of four different pyridine-2,5-dicarboxyl­ate (2,5-pydc) ligands, and by the N atom of a 2,5-pydc ligand. Six Nd atoms are connected by six hydroxide groups, forming an [Nd6(μ3-OH)6] cluster unit of symmetry -3 and a slightly compressed octa­hedral geometry. Adjacent [Nd6(μ3-OH)6] clusters are connected by the 2,5-pydc ligands, via O and N atoms, forming chains along the c axis. The remaining O atoms of the 2,5-pydc ligands link these chains into a three-dimensional framework. A disordered water molecule, located on a threefold rotation axis at the opposite side of the [Nd6(μ3-OH)6] cluster and exposed to each of the three Nd atoms, completes the structure