1,345 research outputs found
Improving the detection sensitivity to primordial stochastic gravitational waves with reduced astrophysical foregrounds
One of the primary targets of third-generation (3G) ground-based
gravitational wave (GW) detectors is detecting the stochastic GW background
(SGWB) from early universe processes. The astrophysical foreground from compact
binary mergers will be a major contamination to the background, which must be
reduced to high precision to enable the detection of primordial background. In
this work, we revisit the limit of foreground reduction computed in previous
studies, point out potential problems in previous foreground cleaning methods
and propose a novel cleaning method subtracting the approximate signal strain
and removing the average residual power. With this method, the binary black
hole foreground is reduced with fractional residual energy density below
for frequency Hz, below for frequency
Hz and below the detector sensitivity limit for all
relevant frequencies in our simulations. Similar precision is achieved to clean
the foreground from binary neutron stars (BNSs) that are above the detection
threshold, so that the residual foreground is dominated by sub-threshold BNSs,
which will be the next critical problem to solve for detecting the primordial
SGWB in the 3G era.Comment: 12 pages, 4 fig
Digitalisation of SMEs in Singapore: An institute of higher learning-enterprise partnership model
Science Potential for Stellar-mass Black Holes as Neighbors of Sgr A*
It has been suggested that there is possibly a class of stellar-mass black
holes (BHs) residing near (distance ) the galactic center massive
black hole, Sgr A*. Possible formation scenarios include the mass segregation
of massive stellar-mass black holes and/or the disk migration if there was an
active accretion flow near Sgr A* within Myr. In this work,
we explore the application of this type of objects as sources of space-borne
gravitational wave detectors, such as Laser Interferometer Space Antenna
(LISA). We find it is possible to probe the spin of Sgr A* based on the
precession of the orbital planes of these stellar-mass black holes moving
around Sgr A*. We also show that the dynamical friction produced by accumulated
cold dark matter near Sgr A* generally produces small measurable phase shift in
the gravitational waveform. In the case that there is an axion cloud near Sgr
A*, the dynamical friction induced modification to gravitational waveform is
measurable only if the mass of the axion field is in a narrow range of the mass
spectrum. Gravitational interaction between the axion cloud and the
stellar-mass black holes may introduce additional precession around the spin of
Sgr A*. This additional precession rate is generally weaker than the
spin-induced Lense-Thirring precession rate, but nevertheless may contaminate
the spin measurement in a certain parameter regime. At last, we point out that
the multi-body gravitational interaction between these stellar-mass black holes
generally causes negligible phase shift during the LISA lifetime.Comment: 12 pages, 11 figures v2: new Fisher parameter added; threshold SNR
changes slightly; v3: matches with the published version
Repeating Fast Radio Bursts from Neutron Star Binaries: Multi-band and Multi-messenger Opportunities
Recent observations indicate that magnetars may commonly reside in merging
compact binaries and at least part of fast radio bursts (FRBs) are sourced by
magnetar activities. It is natural to speculate that a class of merging neutron
star binaries may have FRB emitters. In this work, we study the observational
aspects of these binaries - particularly those with FRB repeaters, which are
promising multi-band and multi-messenger observation targets of radio
telescopes and ground based gravitational wave detectors as the former
telescopes can probe the systems at a much earlier stage in the inspiral than
the latter. We show that observations of FRB repeaters in compact binaries have
a significant advantage in pinning down the binary spin dynamics, constraining
neutron star equation of state, probing FRB production mechanisms, and testing
beyond standard physics. As a proof of principle, we investigate several mock
observations of FRB pulses originating from pre-merger neutron star binaries,
and we find that using the information of FRB arriving times alone, the
intrinsic parameters of this system (including the stellar masses, spins, and
quadrupole moments) can be measured with high precision, and the angular
dependence of the FRB emission pattern can also be well reconstructed. The
measurement of stellar masses (with an error of )
and quadrupole moments (with an error of ) may be an
unprecedented discriminator of nuclear equations of state in neutron stars. In
addition, we find the multi-band and multi-messenger observations of this
binary will be sensitive to alternative theories of gravity and beyond standard
models, e.g., dynamical Chern-Simons gravity and axion field that is coupled to
matter.Comment: 20 pages, 12 fig
- β¦