323 research outputs found

    The Role of bHLHm1 in Phytohormone Signalling in Legume Nodules and Roots

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    The GmbHLHm1 is a basic Helix-Loop-Helix membrane (bHLHm) DNA-binding transcription factor localized on the symbiosome cellular membrane. It regulates NH4+ transporters (AMFs) and nitrogen transporters (NRTs). RNAi-Silenced GmbHLHm1 transgenic hairy roots led to reduced nodulation, nitrogen fixation, and impaired plant growth. Overexpression of the GmbHLHm1 significantly induced nodulation, nitrogen fixation, , and enhanced plant growth. These results indicate that GmbHLHm1 plays an important role in nodulation and symbiotic nitrogen fixation. Long-term GA had a structural impact on the nodule, leading to a reduced expression of GmbHLHm1 and nitrogenase activity. GA application promoted shoot height on both the wildtype and RNAi- Silenced GmbHLHm1 transgenic hairy roots, indicating that induced shoot height is independent of GmbHLHm1 expression in roots. Extended IAA treatments induced GmbHLHm1 expression and enlarged nodules, while not changing the nodule biomass at the whole plant level. IAA treatment on GmbHLHm1-silenced nodules showed induced nodule size but not an increase in the nitrogen fixation area, indicating that auxin only improves the size of nodules, not the nitrogen fixation capability. The GmbHLHm1 promoter-GUS was mainly targeted to the infected cells and the nucleus of those cells. The GA treatment reduced the expression of the GmbHLHm1 in the infected region and repressed GmbHLHm1 expression in most of the outer layer cells. Yeast One-Hybrid experiments discovered five annotated proteins interact with the promoter of GmbHLHm1, and eleven for GmAMF3, including proteins related to both nodulation, membrane-localized proteins. With interrupted LjbHLHm1.1 expression in Lotus japonicus , plants had unhealthy nodule sand nitrogen deficiency symptoms, indicating the LjbHLHm1.1 expression plays an important role in L. japonicus growth and nodulation. L. japonicus plants and LjbHLHm1.1 mutant showed similar response to long-term GA treatment, as soybeans

    How do firms in strategic emerging industries influence their peers’ innovation strategies?

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    Drawing on signaling theory, peer effect, and the awarenessmotivation-capability (AMC) framework, we examine the role of strategic emerging industries (SEI) firms in raising the awareness and motivation of non-SEI firms’ R&D activities, including gaining government R&D subsidies and adopting internal R&D investment, while considering the moderate effect of non-SEI firms’ capability factor. Based on the data of Chinese listed firms from SEI and non-SEI, the empirical results reveal that (a) the number of SEI firms funded by government R&D has an inverted U-shape relationship with the amount that non-SEI firms gain from government R&D subsidies, and has a positive relationship with the investment of non-SEI firms on internal R&D. (b) The financial performance of SEI firms funded by government R&D motivates nonSEI firms to gain government R&D subsidies and invest in internal R&D. (c) These relationships are strengthened by the relative scale of the non-SEI firms

    International student education in China and its connections with local and global society

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    China has become the third largest host in the world for international students. China’s international student education (ISE) is often seen as a way of exercising soft power and legitimizing Chinese universities’ status in the global market of World-Class universities. However, we have limited knowledge about the connection of ISE to the core missions of the higher education institutions (HEIs) and the role of ISE in serving society. This paper examines the connection of China’s ISE to the local, national, regional, and global society by synthesizing multiple types of data on international education and the international student experience in China including national policies, institutional documents, and interviews with higher education administrators and students. The discussion also focuses on the ways in which the interplay of political, economic, and social-cultural forces shapes the relationships between China’s ISE and society

    A Study of Cluster-based System for Information Exploration

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    Researchers always need to find publication to support their study. Traditionally, researchers will search in an information retrieval system where researchers input a query and obtain a ranked list of retrieved results. However, traditional information retrieval systems cannot help researchers if they are in anomalous state of knowledge. Due to linguistic barriers or lack of knowledge in a field, researchers may be unable to specify a query and thus, unable to do an efficient and effective publications search. A cluster-based information retrieval system will be designed to resolve the problem by presenting a topic map. The purpose of this study is to see whether such a system could help researchers in exploring information.Master of Science in Information Scienc

    Linear Network Coding Based Fast Data Synchronization for Wireless Ad Hoc Networks with Controlled Topology

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    Fast data synchronization in wireless ad hoc networks is a challenging and critical problem. It is fundamental for efficient information fusion, control and decision in distributed systems. Previously, distributed data synchronization was mainly studied in the latency-tolerant distributed databases, or assuming the general model of wireless ad hoc networks. In this paper, we propose a pair of linear network coding (NC) and all-to-all broadcast based fast data synchronization algorithms for wireless ad hoc networks whose topology is under operator's control. We consider both data block selection and transmitting node selection for exploiting the benefits of NC. Instead of using the store-and-forward protocol as in the conventional uncoded approach, a compute-and-forward protocol is used in our scheme, which improves the transmission efficiency. The performance of the proposed algorithms is studied under different values of network size, network connection degree, and per-hop packet error rate. Simulation results demonstrate that our algorithms significantly reduce the times slots used for data synchronization compared with the baseline that does not use NC.Comment: 9 pages, 9 figures, published on China Communications, vol. 19, no. 5, May 202

    Effects of ABT on the morphogenesis and inclusions of Taxus chinensis (Pilger) Rehd f. baokangsis cutting rooting

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    This study aims to explore the cutting propagation method of a novel variant on Taxus chinensis (Pilger) Rehd f. baokangsis (T. chinensis baokangsis). Different types of rooting powder and different concentrations were used to treat the cuttage seedlings of T. chinensis baokangsis, and then the external morphology and anatomical morphology of the roots were observed. The membership function evaluation method was used to evaluate the cutting effect. The physiological characteristics of T. chinensis baokangsis cuttings were studied by the correlation analysis of nutrient components and endogenous hormone content. The results showed that the T. chinensis baokangsis belonged to callus rooting type, and the adventitious roots differentiated at about 150 d. For rooting growth indexes, the optimal treatment was ABT-1+400 mg/L. The rooting rate of T. chinensis baokangsis was positively correlated with the content of soluble sugar, soluble starch, and IAA, while extremely significantly negatively correlated with MDA (P <0.01). Moreover, the rooting rate also was negatively correlated with ABA, ZR, and GA3, and significantly negatively correlated with GA3 (P <0.05). This study will provide some technical support and theoretical basis for the conservation and reproduction of T. chinensis baokangsis

    Study on Leaf Epidermis Structure and Dust-Retention Ability of Five Machilus Species

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    Taking the leaves of five Machilus species as a research object, they are Machilus oreophila, Machilus chinensis, Machilus microcarpa, Machilus lichuanensis and Machilus suaveolens. By measuring leaf surface area, cell length and width , the total dust retention, pH value of retention fluid and the content of Pb, Cr, Fe, Cu and Cd of metallic elements were measured, and compare the dust retention of five plant seedling leaves ability. The results showed that: the leaves of different kinds of Machilus have different dust abilities. Comprehensive analysis can be obtained from five kinds of Machilus dust ability in descending order of M. suaveolens > M. lichuanensis > M. chinensis > M. microcarpa > M. oreophila

    Effects of lead on growth, osmotic adjustment, antioxidant activity and photosynthetic responses in Phoebe chekiangensis seedlings

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    Experiments were conducted on 1-year Phoebe chekiangensis seedlings treated by different concentration (0, 300, 600, 900, 1200 mg/L) of Pb (NO3)2. Sixty days later, determination was implemented on seedling growth, physiological and photosynthetic parameters. The results showed that the lower concentration treated could promote the growth of the seedlings. But with the increase of concentration of lead, P. chekiangensis seedling height increment, ground diameter growth, whole biomass, total root surface area, root volume, total root length and root activity decreased, while root-shoot ratio present a rising trend. With the increase of concentration of Pb(NO3)2 solution, the membrane permeability and MDA content of P. chekiangensis seedlings showed a trend of rise after the first reduce; the protein content and chlorophyll content presented a trend of decrease after the first increase; while the POD, SOD and CAT activity increased firstly but decreased afterwards; the net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO2 concentration, transpiration rate were all increase at first then decrease, which indicated that protection enzyme activity and membrane was damaged thus the growth of P. chekiangensis seedlings was inhibited
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