Memanti­nium chloride 0.1-hydrate

The crystal structure of the title compound, C12H22N+·Cl−·0.1H2O, consists of (3,5-dimethyl-1-adamantyl)ammonium chloride (memanti­nium chloride) and uncoordinated water mol­ecules. The four six-membered rings of the memanti­nium cation assume typical chair conformations. The Cl− counter-anion links with the memanti­nium cation via N—H⋯Cl hydrogen bonding, forming channels where the disordered crystal water molecules are located. The O atom of the water mol­ecule is located on a threefold rotation axis, its two H atoms symmetrically distributed over six sites; the water mol­ecule links with the Cl− anions via O—H⋯Cl hydrogen bonding

2-(Cyclo­hexa-1,4-dien­yl)-2-(4-methoxy­phen­yl)-N,N-dimethyl­ethanaminium chloride

In the title compound, C17H24NO+·Cl−, the cyclo­hexa-1,4-diene ring, which is almost planar, with a maximum deviation of 0.024 (4) Å from the mean plane, makes a dihedral angle of 66.4 (1)° with the benzene ring. In the crystal, inter­molecular N—H⋯Cl and C—H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds link the mol­ecules into an infinite chain along the b axis

Triamcinolone acetonide acetate

In the crystal structure of the title compound [systematic name: 2-(4b-fluoro-5-hy­droxy-4a,6a,8,8-tetra­methyl-2-oxo-2,4a,4b,5,6,6a,9a,10,10a,10b,11,12-dodeca­hydro-7,9-dioxa­penta­leno[2,1-a]phenanthren-6b-yl)-2-oxoethyl acetate], C26H33FO7, the mol­ecules are connected by inter­molecular O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds into an infinite supra­molecular chain along the b axis. The mol­ecular framework consists of five condensed rings, including three six-membered rings and two five-membered rings. The cyclo­hexa-2,5-dienone ring is nearly planar [maximum deviation = 0.013 (3) Å], while the cyclo­hexane rings adopt chair conformations. The two five-membered rings, viz. cyclo­pentane and 1,3-dioxolane, display envelope conformations

Marbofloxacin

In the title compound, [systematic name: 9-fluoro-2,3-dihydro-3-methyl-10-(4-methyl­piperazin-1-yl)-7-oxo-7H-pyrido[1,2,3-ij][1,2,4]benzoxadiazine-6-carb­oxy­lic acid], C17H19FN4O4, the carbonyl and carboxyl groups are coplanar with the quinoline ring, making a dihedral angle of 2.39 (2)°. The piperazine ring adopts a chair conformation and the oxadiazinane ring displays an envelope conformation with the CH2 group at the flap displaced by 0.650 (2) Å from the plane through the other five atoms. The mol­ecular structure exhibits an S(6) ring motif, owing to an intra­molecular O—H⋯O hydrogen bond. In the crystal, weak C—H⋯F hydrogen bonds link mol­ecules into layers parallel to the ab plane

Bupropion hydro­bromide propanol hemisolvate

The title compound {systematic name: N-[1-(3-chloro­phen­yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl]-tert-butanaminium bromide propanol hemisolvate}, C13H19ClNO+·Br−·0.5C3H8O, crystallizes with two independent bupropion hydro­bromide ion pairs and a solvent 1-propanol mol­ecule in the asymmetric unit. In both mol­ecules, the expected proton transfer from HBr to the amino group of the bupropion mol­ecule is observed, and intra- and inter­molecular N—H⋯Br hydrogen-bond inter­actions are formed. These inter­actions link the mol­ecules into hydrogen-bond dimers. The side chains of the two cations have slightly different orientations. The 1-propanol solvent mol­ecule is linked to a bromide ion by an O—H⋯Br hydrogen bond

Quetiapine N-oxide–fumaric acid (2/1)

The title compound (systematic name: 2-{2-[4-(dibenzo[b,f][1,4]thia­zepin-11-yl)piperazin-1-yl 1-oxide]eth­oxy}ethanol–fumaric acid (2/1)), C21H25N3O3S·0.5C4H4O4, is one of the oxidation products of quetiapine hemifumaric acid. In the tricyclic fragment, the central thia­zepine ring displays a boat conformation and the benzene rings are inclined to each other at a dihedral angle of 72.0 (2)°. The piperazine ring adopts a chair conformation with its eth­oxy­ethanol side chain oriented equatorially. In addition to the main mol­ecule, the asymmetric unit contains one-half mol­ecule of fumaric acid, the complete mol­ecule being generated by inversion symmetry. In the crystal, O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the components into corrugated layers parallel to bc plane

Poly[diaqua-1κ2 O-bis[μ3-2-(1H-tetra­zol-5-yl)benzoato(2−)]dicadmium(II)]

The title compound, [Cd2(C8H4N4O2)2(H2O)2]n, is a coordination polymer prepared by the hydro­thermal reaction of cadmium(II) chloride and 2-(1H-tetra­zol-5-yl)benzoic acid. Two types of coordinated cadmium cations exist in the structure. One is located on a twofold axis and is coordinated by four O and two N atoms from four symmetry-related ligands, forming a trigonal-prismatic coordination polyhedron. The other is located on an inversion center and is octa­hedrally coordinated by two N and two O atoms from two ligands in equatorial sites, and two water mol­ecules in axial sites. The organic ligand bridges three Cd atoms, through a carboxyl­ate group and two N atoms of the tetra­zolate unit. This mode of coordination results in a two-dimensional framework. The crystal structure is stabilized by inter­molecular O—H⋯O and O—H⋯N hydrogen bonds

Febuxostat methanol solvate

In the title compound {systematic name: [2-(3-cyano-4-isobutyl­oxyphen­yl)-4-methyl-1,3-thia­zole-5-carb­oxy­lic acid (febuxostat) methanol monosolvate}, C16H16N2O3S·CH4O, the benzene and thia­zole rings in the febuxostat mol­ecule are twisted at 5.3 (1)°. In the crystal structure, inter­molecular O—H⋯O and O—H⋯N hydrogen bonds link the febuxostat and methanol mol­ecules into helical chains along the 21 screw axis

Moxifloxacinium chloride monohydrate

The title compound {systematic name: 7-[(1S,6S)-8-aza-2-azonia­bicyclo­[4.3.0]non-8-yl]-1-cyclo­propyl-6-fluoro-8-meth­oxy-4-oxo-1,4-dihydro­quinoline-3-carb­oxy­lic acid chloride monohydrate}, C21H25FN3O4 +·Cl−·H2O, crystallizes with two moxi­floxa­cinium cations, two chloride ions and two uncoordinated water mol­ecules in the unit cell. The crystal structure has a pseudo-inversion center except for the chloride ions. In both moxi­floxa­cinium cations, the quinoline rings are approximately planar, the maximum atomic deviations being 0.107 (3) and 0.118 (3) Å. The piperidine rings adopt a chair conformation while the pyrrolidine rings display a half-chair conformation. In the crystal, the carboxyl groups, the protonated piperidyl groups, the uncoordinated water mol­ecule and chloride anions participate in O—H⋯O, O—H⋯Cl and N—H⋯Cl hydrogen bonding; weak inter­molecular C—H⋯O and C—H⋯Cl hydrogen bonding is also present in the crystal structure

Anti-proliferation effects of Sirolimus sustained delivery film in rabbit glaucoma filtration surgery

Purpose: To investigate the efficacy, safety, and mechanisms of Sirolimus sustained delivery film on prevention of scar formation in a rabbit model of glaucoma filtration surgery. Methods: Sixty-four New Zealand white rabbits who underwent trabeculectomy in the right eye were randomly allocated to one of the four treatment regimens: Sirolimus sustained delivery film treatment group (Group A), or drug-free film treatment group (Group B), or 30 ng/ml Sirolimus-soaked sponge treatment group (Group C), or no adjunctive treatment group (Group D), and each group consists of 16 rabbits. Intraocular pressure (IOP), morphologic changes of bleb, anterior chamber flare, and corneal endothelial cell count and complications were evaluated over a 28-day period follow-up time. Aqueous humor samples were gathered from Group A, and the concentration of Sirolimus was measured regularly post-operation. Rabbits were sacrificed on the 7th, 14th, and 28th day post-operation separately, and the fibroblast hypertrophy, infiltration of inflammatory, and proliferation of new collagen fiber formation in each group were evaluated with HE and Masson staining. Proliferative cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and fibroblast apoptosis were evaluated by immunohistochemistry and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferasemediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay at the 28th day post-operation. Results: Both Sirolimus sustained delivery film (Group A) and Sirolimus alone (Group C) were well tolerated in this model, and significantly prolonged bleb survival compared with no drug treatment group (Group B and D; p<0.001). Group A had the longest bleb survival time in comparison with other groups (p<0.001). There were significant differences in IOP readings between Group A and other groups at the last follow-up (p<0.05). The concentration of Group A maintained stable for over 2 weeks, drops from (10.56 +/- 0.05) ng/ml at day 3 to (7.74 +/- 0.05) ng/ml at day 14. The number of corneal endothelial cells of Group A was not statistically significant between pre and post-operation. Histologic examination demonstrated that eyes treated with Sirolimus, especially the Sirolimus sustained delivery film, showed an obvious reduction in subconjunctival fibroblast scar tissue formation compared with no drug treatment groups, and had minimal evidence of inflammatory cell infiltration and new collagen deposition in the subconjunctiva. Immunohistochemistry assay showed that PCNA-expression was lower in the Group A (16.25 +/- 3.24%) compared to other groups (p<0.01). TUNEL assay showed a significant increase in the number of apoptotic fibroblasts around the surgical area in Group A and Group C (9.75 +/- 1.71% and 8.50 +/- 1.92%) compared to the Group B and D (p<0.01). Conclusions: Sirolimus drug sustained delivery film can inhibit inflammatory cell activity, impede fibroblast proliferation activity, and induce fibroblast apoptosis in the filtration surgery sites in rabbit. The results indicate a safe and effective treatment strategy in anti-scaring treatment in glaucoma surgery.http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000295289900001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=8e1609b174ce4e31116a60747a720701Biochemistry & Molecular BiologyOphthalmologySCI(E)9ARTICLE270-712495-25061