Fundamental Properties of Integrated-Depth Equations for Nonlinear Water Propagation in Porous Media

Source: ICHE Conference Archive - https://mdi-de.baw.de/icheArchiv

Measurement of the Near-Bed Turbulence in a Laboratory Surf Zone

Source: ICHE Conference Archive - https://mdi-de.baw.de/icheArchiv

THE COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT ELASTIC TENSION OF KINESIO TAPING ON GASTROCNEMIUS MUSCLE ACTIVATION

The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of different elastic tension of Kinesio taping on gastrocnemius muscle activation. Thirty-seven healthy athletes was recruited and randomly divided into three groups: Elastic tension 0% (N = 13), 10% (N = 12), and 20% (N = 12). All athletes were applied Kinesio taping on gastrocnemius muscle in 3 different elastic tape tensions. The wireless electromyography was used to assess the gastrocnemius muscle activation before and after applied Kinesio taping while jogging on treadmill. The results showed that a significant interaction between different elastic tape tension and pre-post taping applied (

THE VARIATION OF DOMINANT ELBOW RANGE OF MOTION AMONG DIFFERENT MATURE STAGE FOR BASEBALL PITCHERS

The purpose of this study was to examine the variation of elbow range of motion (ROM) in the dominant arm between different maturity levels in baseball pitchers. Sixty-two pitchers, including 17 early-puberty players, 22 later-puberty players, and 23 adult players, participated in this study. A goniometer was used to assess elbow ROM in the dominant arms, including elbow flexion, hyper-extension, supination, pronation and valgus angles. The results showed that smaller ROM was found in elbow flexion, supination, and pronation, and larger ROM in elbow valgue, in pithers of later puberty level (

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SHOULDER PAIN AND SCAPULAR MOBILITY IN TEENAGE BASEBALL PLAYERS

The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between shoulder pain and scapular mobility for teenage baseball players. Thirty-five teenage baseball players (shoulder pain, n=11; healthy, n=24) were recruited in this study. The lateral scapula slide test (LSST), which represented as scapular mobility, was used to measure the scapular position and symmetry under varying loads. The result of this study showed that there was a difference in distance from the superior angle of the scapula to the spinous process of T2 between the two groups at shoulder 90?abduction

Cigarette smoke extract upregulates heme oxygenase-1 via PKC/NADPH oxidase/ROS/PDGFR/PI3K/Akt pathway in mouse brain endothelial cells

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>In the brain, the inducible form of heme oxygenase (HO-1) has been recently demonstrated to exacerbate early brain injury produced by intracerebral hemorrhagic stroke which incident rate has been correlated with cigarette smoking previously. Interestingly, cigarette smoke (CS) or chemicals present in CS have been shown to induce HO-1 expression in various cell types, including cerebral endothelial cells. However, the mechanisms underlying CS modulating HO-1 protein expression are not completely understood in the brain vessels.</p> <p>Objective</p> <p>The aim of the present study was to investigate the mechanisms underlying CS modulating HO-1 protein expression in cerebral endothelial cells.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Cultured cerebral endothelial cells (bEnd.3) were used to investigate whether a particulate phase of cigarette smoke extract (PPCSE) regulates HO-1 expression and to investigate the molecular mechanisms involved in HO-1 expression in bEnd.3 cells.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We demonstrated that PPCSE (30 μg/ml) significantly induced HO-1 protein expression and its enzymatic activity in bEnd.3 cells determined by western blotting and bilirubin formation, respectively. PPCSE-induced HO-1 expression was mediated through phosphatidylcholine phospholipase C (PC-PLC), PKCδ, and PI3K/Akt which were observed by pretreatment with their respective pharmacological inhibitors or transfection with dominant negative mutants of PKCδ and Akt. ROS scavenger (N-acetyl-L-cysteine, NAC) blocked the PPCSE-induced ROS generation and HO-1 expression. Pretreatment with selective inhibitors of PKCδ (rottlerin) and NADPH oxidase [diphenyleneiodonium chloride (DPI) and apocynin (APO)] attenuated the PPCSE-induced NADPH oxidase activity, ROS generation, and HO-1 expression. In addition, we found that PPCSE induced PI3K/Akt activation via NADPH oxidase/ROS-dependent PDGFR phosphorylation.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Taken together, these results suggested that PPCSE-induced HO-1 expression is mediated by a PC-PLC/PKCδ/NADPH oxidase-dependent PDGFR/PI3K/Akt pathway in bEnd.3 cells.</p

The role of trauma team activation by emergency physicians on outcomes in severe trauma patients

AbstractBackgroundIn our region, trauma team activation (TTA) is initiated by emergency physicians once an injured patient meets any of the criteria of TTA after the injured patient arrives at the emergency department (ED).PurposeTo evaluate the role of TTA on outcomes in patients with severe trauma.MethodsAll trauma patients who had injury severity score (ISS) >15 and were admitted from ED between January 2010 to December 2010 were included in the study. Mann–Whitney U test (non-normal distribution) or Student's t test (normal distribution) for continuous variables and Fisher exact test or Chi-square test for categorical variables were used to compare the statistically significant differences between TTA and non-TTA groups. Logistic regression was applied to determine any significant differences found in the statistical analysis for 30-day mortality.ResultsA total of 231 patients were signed up in the study. The TTA group had shorter time from ED to operation room (170 minutes vs. 534 minutes, p = 0.02) and tended to have more emergent operations (42.7% vs. 23.2%, p = 0.002). Emergent operation [odds ratio (OR), 0.34; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.12–0.92, p = 0.035) was associated with lower mortality while ISS > 25 (OR, 7.48; 95% CI, 2.48–22.57, p < 0.0001), Glasgow coma scale score <13 (OR, 32.1; 95% CI, 4.30–94.6, p < 0.0001), hypotension (OR, 3.0; 95% CI, 1.1–7.9, p = 0.03), and coagulopathy (OR, 9.3; 95% CI, 1.2–71.4, p = 0.033) were associated with higher mortality.ConclusionThis study shows that TTA may shorten the time from ED to operation room in trauma patients with an ISS > 15

Land Subsidence Caused by Groundwater Exploitation in Yunlin, Taiwan

Source: ICHE Conference Archive - https://mdi-de.baw.de/icheArchive

CMOS Image Sensor with a Built-in Lane Detector

This work develops a new current-mode mixed signal Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (CMOS) imager, which can capture images and simultaneously produce vehicle lane maps. The adopted lane detection algorithm, which was modified to be compatible with hardware requirements, can achieve a high recognition rate of up to approximately 96% under various weather conditions. Instead of a Personal Computer (PC) based system or embedded platform system equipped with expensive high performance chip of Reduced Instruction Set Computer (RISC) or Digital Signal Processor (DSP), the proposed imager, without extra Analog to Digital Converter (ADC) circuits to transform signals, is a compact, lower cost key-component chip. It is also an innovative component device that can be integrated into intelligent automotive lane departure systems. The chip size is 2,191.4 × 2,389.8 μm, and the package uses 40 pin Dual-In-Package (DIP). The pixel cell size is 18.45 × 21.8 μm and the core size of photodiode is 12.45 × 9.6 μm; the resulting fill factor is 29.7%