Prevalence of Hypoglycemia Among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients attending the National Center for Diabetes Endocrinology and Genetics Amman, Jordan.

Hypoglycemia and recurrent hypoglycemia may be associated with a significant increase in the risk of major macrovascular and microvascular events and recurrent hypoglycemia was associated with arise in mortality, morbidity. The objectives of this study are to estimate the prevalence of hypoglycemic episodes in T2DM patients attending the National Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Genetics and to estimate the rate of hypoglycemic unawareness in these patients and to determine the risk factors associated with hypoglycemic episodes. Across-sectional study was carried out at the National Center for Diabetes ,Endocrinology and Genetics (NCDEG) in Amman-Jordan, conducted from1st of November 2012 to 1st of March 2013 .A total of 1055 patients with type 2 diabetes according to (ADA) and on one or more hypoglycemic agents .Data collected on the severity and frequency and symptoms of hypoglycemic episodes in the 3 month prior to enrollment based (Hypoglycemic Health Assoc. of Australia Questionnaire). of 1055patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who aged between 21-85years 499males 47.3% and 556 females 52.7%,25.6%had controlled HBA1c, 67.7%were on insulin treatment, 39.8%of them are having type 2 DM for more than 10 years, 57.7% of them were obese with a mean (SD)of the BMI 31.2kg/m2(4.9).Prevalence of hypoglycemia was 46.6% for patients with hypoglycemic symptoms .Logestic regression analysis revealed that occupation, duration of diabetes , HBA1C level , diabetic nephropathy, diabetic foot and type of medication were significant correlated with hypoglycemic episodes . Hypoglycemia is common among Jordanian patients with type 2 DM attending the NCDEG, to maintain glycemic control and prevent hypoglycemia attack should be designed schedule for education concerning self monitoring of blood glucose, diet, medication, and lifestyle. Encourage patients to treat hypoglycemia episodes if showed immediately and don’t delay in treating hypoglycemia

Quality of Nursing Care at National Center for Diabetes Endocrinology and Genetics: Patients Satisfaction

Patients satisfaction is used as an important indicator of quality care and is frequently included in healthcare planning and evaluation. “The aims of this study is to” To study patients' satisfaction regarding the quality of nursing care of the center , identify the main dimensions of patients' satisfaction regarding quality of nursing care. And determine the association between sociodemographic variables and patients' satisfaction regarding quality of the nursing care. The study was conducted during the period from1stDecember 2013 to 1stmaye 2014. The design of this study is Descriptive cross-sectional facility based study. The study sample was 305 patients who were selected randomly. All of them actually participated in the study and completed face to face interviewed questionnaire prepared according to Likert scale and data was analyzed by SPSS. The results showed that participants were moderately satisfied with the quality of nursing care in National Center for Diabetes Endocrinology and Genetics ,by used different dimensions, The total satisfaction mean was (3.22), with higher satisfaction levels in the physical environment of the center (M = 3.85) than technical quality (M =3.20). Patients from both settings were less satisfied with the responsiveness and convenience (M = 2.88). Age, sex, marital status, level of education, income and the diagnosis show statistically significant effects on patients' level of satisfaction. On the other hand duration of diabetes and current occupation did not show statistically significant effects on patients' level of satisfaction. In conclusion, the present study concluded that reforming community health nursing care policies to place more attention on increasing the level of enhance of responsiveness skills of nursing to patients communication and the interpersonal aspects of the provided care could probably increase their satisfaction. Lack of experience and professional skills of nursing care staff, in addition to overload work and the huge number of diabetic patients, increase the need for intensive training for nurses, and the involvement of the patient in treatment plan

Patients Satisfaction regarding Quality of Nursing Care in the National Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Genetics in Amman, 2013

It is important for any health system to provide high quality health Nursing services and respond to the needs of service users. The aims of this study is to study patients' satisfaction regarding the quality of nursing care of the center, to identify the main dimensions of patients' satisfaction regarding quality of nursing care. And determine the association between sociodemographic variables and patients' satisfaction regarding quality of the nursing care. This study was conducted during the period from1st December 2013 to 1st may 2014. The design of this study is Descriptive cross-sectional facility based study. The study sample 305 patients, who were selected randomly, all of them actually participated in the study and completed face to face interviewed questionnaire prepared according to Likert scale and data was analyzed by SPSS. Participants were moderately satisfied with the quality of nursing care in the National Center for Diabetes Endocrinology and Genetics. The total mean was (3.09), with higher satisfaction levels in the General impressions (M = 3.83) than in Communication, interaction and reaction (M = 2.57). Patients from both settings were less satisfied with the Accessibility of services (M = 2.89). Age, sex, marital status, level of education, income, and the diagnosis show statistically significant effects on patients' level of satisfaction. On the other hand duration of diabetes, and current occupation did not show statistically significant effects on patients' level of satisfaction. The present study concluded that reforming community health nursing care policies to place more attention on increasing the level of communication and the interpersonal aspects of the provided care could probably increase their satisfaction. And the geographical redistribution of community diabetes health center to enable the patient's easy access to nursing services in all Jordan regions, increase number of home visits, for the patients' nursing team need to improve communication, interaction skills of nursing care staff and in formats. Nursing team needed training for nurses on communication skills and interaction with patients and their families

Islamism and Secularism: Between State Instrumentalisation and Opposition Islamic Movements

In Palestine, a reassertion of the ‘secularist’ identity of the ‘Palestinian national project’ is taking place against a deeply divided political society characterised by a Palestinian authority in conflict with Hamas. This article argues that the instrumentalisation of religion by the state has backfired leaving secular feminist activists in an unenviable position – without a constituency or a socially legitimate framework through which to address gender and social justice issues. At the same time, a reassertion of the ‘secularist’ identity is taking place against a deeply divided political society characterised by a Palestinian authority in conflict with Hamas. This conflict accompanying the ‘secularisation process’ resulted in crushing the very structure of the notion of citizenship and the figure of the secular citizen subject itself

Effect of Harvesting Date and Variety of Date Palm on Antioxidant Capacity, Phenolic and Flavonoid Content of Date Palm (Phoenix Dactylifera)

The effect of date palm variety and harvesting date on total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, and antioxidant capacity of seven varieties of date palm fruits collected at different maturation stages obtained from date palm farms located in the Jericho area of the Jordan valley was investigated in this study. During different harvesting times (from June to September 2011), total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, and antioxidant capacity varied between 13.75-231.40 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE), 1.72-9.6 mg catechin equivalents, and 142.0-719.3 μmol Trolox equivalents per 100 g dry weight sample for the seven varieties of date palm, respectively. Pearson correlation indicated that there is a strong significant correlation between antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content, as well as between antioxidant capacity and total flavonoid content for all date palm varieties investigated in this study. It is expected that these results will be useful to farmers particularly in their selection of harvesting time of the date palm fruits with high content of the bioactive compounds to meet the increasing demand on such healthy products.We are grateful to Beit Jala pharmaceutical company for performing HPLC analyses in their laboratories

The impact of the ‘writers’ workshop’ approach on the L2 English writing of upper-primary students in Lebanon

The aim of the action research reported here was to examine the differential effects of the ‘writers’ workshop’ approach on the L2 (English) writing skills of upper-primary students with varying writing abilities. The participants were 31 fifth-grade students (17 boys and 14 girls) aged 10–11, who followed L2 English writing instruction based on the ‘writers’ workshop’ approach at a private primary school in Beirut, Lebanon. The writers’ workshops were conducted twice a week over a period of eight consecutive weeks. An opinion essay served as a pre-test and a post-test in order to gauge writing improvement. Findings revealed statistically significant improvement in students’ writing-related outcomes across all writing ability groups. However, the writers’ workshops intervention was found to result in a differential group effect: generally, above-average writers benefitted more than less-proficient writers. This was particularly clear in relation to the content component of their essay writing