Phase-field simulations of solidification in binary and ternary systems using a finite element method

We present adaptive finite element simulations of dendritic and eutectic solidification in binary and ternary alloys. The computations are based on a recently formulated phase-field model that is especially appropriate for modelling non-isothermal solidification in multicomponent multiphase systems. In this approach, a set of governing equations for the phase-field variables, for the concentrations of the alloy components and for the temperature has to be solved numerically, ensuring local entropy production and the conservation of mass and inner energy. To efficiently perform numerical simulations, we developed a numerical scheme to solve the governing equations using a finite element method on an adaptive non-uniform mesh with highest resolution in the regions of the phase boundaries. Simulation results of the solidification in ternary Ni$_{60}$Cu$_{40-x}$Cr$_{x}$ alloys are presented investigating the influence of the alloy composition on the growth morphology and on the growth velocity. A morphology diagram is obtained that shows a transition from a dendritic to a globular structure with increasing Cr concentrations. Furthermore, we comment on 2D and 3D simulations of binary eutectic phase transformations. Regular oscillatory growth structures are observed combined with a topological change of the matrix phase in 3D. An outlook for the application of our methods to describe AlCu eutectics is given.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, To appear in the proceedings of 14th "International Conference on Crystal Growth", ICCG-14, 9-13 August 2004 Grenoble Franc

Strategy and History: Essays on Theory and Practice

This volume is largely successful not only in emphasizing the continuity and wisdom of Colin Gray’s long-standing defense of the study of strategy but in capturing his delight in skewering the latest intellectual fads in both American and British security theory. Strategy and History is a rich and occasionally pro- vocative read for any student of strat- egy, military issues, or international relations, and it reinforces the need to study strategy—the relationship be- tween military force and desired politi- cal objectives

Juvenile Drug Court: Predictors of Graduation and Non-Graduation Status

Drug use has become an epidemic in our nation, filling our jails and prisons with nonviolent offenders. Studies have shown that adult drug courts are a good alternative to the prison system by being successful in reducing recidivism and long term costs. To date, however, few studies have looked specifically at the effectiveness of juvenile drug courts and their cost effectiveness. Further, the possible benefits of lower attrition rate and cost benefit are being overshadowed by the low attrition rate among juvenile drug court participants. Nearly half of all juvenile drug court participants do not complete the juvenile drug court program. Additionally, studies have shown that juvenile participants who do graduate have lower attrition rates and other benefits. Due to the benefits of juveniles who graduate from a juvenile drug court program, understanding the difference between those who graduate and those who do not can add significant understanding on how juvenile drug courts can be modified in order to help juveniles successfully graduate from the drug court program. This study will shed light on specific pre-drug court demographics and behaviors that were different among juveniles who successfully graduate and those who are unsuccessful in graduating from the juvenile drug court program. The Idaho Supreme Court, which oversees the JDC program in Idaho, collaborated in this effort by providing a statewide juvenile drug court data set, drawn from the Idaho Statewide Trial Court Automated System (ISTARS). The data set included all information that was gathered for drug court participants during the January 2004 - December 2005 period, for who had completed the program either successfully or unsuccessfully. Subsequent analysis of the data clarified the difference between groups of those who graduated and those who did not graduate, specifically that a significant difference was found between groups in the following characteristics: gender, school attendance, and in-treatment drug tests

Pisma iz Lovrana u korespondenciji Vjekoslava Spinčića

This article catalogues the items of correspondence (letters, postal cards, and telegrams) sent from Lovran to Vjekoslav Spinčić which are kept in the archival collection HR-HDA-819 (Personal papers of Vjekoslav Spinčić). The author lists the letters and selects ten letters from one author (Nikola Battestin), summarizing them and describing them in the sociolinguistic context of Austria-Hungary in the late-nineteenth century.Članak opisuje sadržaj i neke jezične karakteristike osobnih pisama iz osobnog fonda Vjekoslava Spinčića (Hrvatski državni arhiv HR-HDA-819) koja su Spinčiću poslana iz Lovrana u austro-ugarskom razdoblju. U istraživanju je prikupljen korpus sljedećih izvora iz Lovrana: 62 pisma, dopisnice, brzojavi i posjetnice. Prvotna namjera bila je istražiti karakteristike lovranskog mjesnog govora u pisanom jeziku krajem devetnaestog stoljeća, no budući da je većina korespondencije napisana ili drugim jezicima (poput talijanskog ili njemačkog) ili pak vrlo formalnim hrvatskim jezikom, istraživanje se posebno usredotočilo na 10 pisama Nikole Battestina iz Lovrana, koji je (prema istraživačevu mišljenju) naučio pisati na talijanskom, a u svom materinskom hrvatskom jeziku bio je slabije pismen. Članak tablično popisuje i opisuje sva 62 pisma iz Lovrana, a tematizira sadržaj Battestinovih pisama te njihove jezične značajke u kontekstu kraja 19. i početka 20. stoljeća u Lovranu, Istri i šire

Pisma iz Lovrana u korespondenciji Vjekoslava Spinčića

This article catalogues the items of correspondence (letters, postal cards, and telegrams) sent from Lovran to Vjekoslav Spinčić which are kept in the archival collection HR-HDA-819 (Personal papers of Vjekoslav Spinčić). The author lists the letters and selects ten letters from one author (Nikola Battestin), summarizing them and describing them in the sociolinguistic context of Austria-Hungary in the late-nineteenth century.Članak opisuje sadržaj i neke jezične karakteristike osobnih pisama iz osobnog fonda Vjekoslava Spinčića (Hrvatski državni arhiv HR-HDA-819) koja su Spinčiću poslana iz Lovrana u austro-ugarskom razdoblju. U istraživanju je prikupljen korpus sljedećih izvora iz Lovrana: 62 pisma, dopisnice, brzojavi i posjetnice. Prvotna namjera bila je istražiti karakteristike lovranskog mjesnog govora u pisanom jeziku krajem devetnaestog stoljeća, no budući da je većina korespondencije napisana ili drugim jezicima (poput talijanskog ili njemačkog) ili pak vrlo formalnim hrvatskim jezikom, istraživanje se posebno usredotočilo na 10 pisama Nikole Battestina iz Lovrana, koji je (prema istraživačevu mišljenju) naučio pisati na talijanskom, a u svom materinskom hrvatskom jeziku bio je slabije pismen. Članak tablično popisuje i opisuje sva 62 pisma iz Lovrana, a tematizira sadržaj Battestinovih pisama te njihove jezične značajke u kontekstu kraja 19. i početka 20. stoljeća u Lovranu, Istri i šire

Meet Me Down At The Corner

https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/mmb-vp/2099/thumbnail.jp

Chasing the Phantom Ship: Revisiting Interpretations of the Boca Chica No. 2 Shipwreck on the Texas Coast

Boca Chica Beach spans the south Texas coast in Cameron County for a distance of roughly 12 kilometers between Brazos Santiago Pass and the mouth of the Rio Grande River at the Texas and Mexican border. More than 165 historic ships have been reported lost along the south Texas coast in this general area and at least four, or portions thereof, have been discovered so far. The most well-known of the shipwreck remains is archeological site 41CF184, nicknamed Boca Chica No. 2, which has gained almost mythological status in the region as it has long been circumstantially linked to the Mexican warship Moctezuma; not-so-coincidentally one of the most famous shipwrecks in the region. Is Boca Chica No. 2 the famous warship, once believed to be a “phantom” because it so often eluded the Texian patrols? Evidence suggests otherwise but the significance of both the historic ship and the archeological site invite reexamination of this unresolved mystery