The Food Plants and Distribution of the American Plum Borer (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

The North American geographical and host plant distributions for the American plnm borer, Euzophera semifuneralis, are reported. Literature and curatorial surveys found the plum borer to be present in 34 states in the U. S. as well as parts of Canada, Mexico, and South America. Pheromone surveys and direct observation found it to be present in high numbers in most cherry and plum orchards in Michigan and in 28 counties of the lower peninsula. A very wide host range representing 15 plant families was found, with most host species in the Rosaceae

Natural Enemies of Cranberry Fruitworm, \u3ci\u3eAcrobasis Vaccinii\u3c/i\u3e, (Lepidoptera: Pyraudae) in Michigan Highbush Blueberries

A two-year study was conducted in Michigan highbush blueberries to determine the complex of parasitoids attacking cranberry fruitworm, Acrobasis vaccinii. Eight parasitoid species and one fungal pathogen were collected. Parasitism of collected hosts ranged from 6.6% to 28.1%. The more common larval parasitoid encountered was Campoletis patsuiketorum (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae). The more common parasitoid recovered from fruitworm hibernacula was Villa lateralis (Diptera: Bombyliidae). This study documented six unreported natural enemies of cranberry fruitworm, including C. patsuiketorum; V. lateralis; Diadegma compressum (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae); Compsilura concinnata (Diptera: Tachinidae); Memorilla pyste (Diptera: Tachinidae); an undescribed Microtypus species (Hymenoptera: Braconidae); and a fungal pathogen, Paecilomyces near farinosus. This is the first known host association for the undescribed Microtypus species, and increases the known parasitoid complex of cranberry fruitworm to 17 species

Scattering-Based Light-Sheet Microscopy Imaging of Human Papillomavirus-Associated Squamous Lesions of the Anal Canal: A Proof-of-Principle Study

Demand for anal cancer screening is expected to rise following the recent publication of the Anal Cancer–HSIL Outcomes Research trial, which showed that treatment of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions significantly reduces the rate of progression to anal cancer. While screening for human papillomavirus–associated squamous lesions in the cervix is well established and effective, this is less true for other sites in the lower anogenital tract. Current anal cancer screening and prevention rely on high-resolution anoscopy with biopsies. This procedure has a steep learning curve for providers and may cause patient discomfort. Scattering-based light-sheet microscopy (sLSM) is a novel imaging modality with the potential to mitigate these challenges through real-time, microscopic visualization of disease-susceptible tissue. Here, we report a proof-of-principle study that establishes feasibility of dysplasia detection using an sLSM device. We imaged 110 anal biopsy specimens collected prospectively at our institution's dysplasia clinic (including 30 nondysplastic, 40 low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, and 40 high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion specimens) and found that these optical images are highly interpretable and accurately recapitulate histopathologic features traditionally used for the diagnosis of human papillomavirus–associated squamous dysplasia. A reader study to assess diagnostic accuracy suggests that sLSM images are noninferior to hematoxylin and eosin images for the detection of anal dysplasia (sLSM accuracy = 0.87; hematoxylin and eosin accuracy = 0.80; P = .066). Given these results, we believe that sLSM technology holds great potential to enhance the efficacy of anal cancer screening by allowing accurate sampling of diagnostic tissue at the time of anoscopy. While the current imaging study was performed on ex vivo biopsy specimens, we are currently developing a handheld device for in vivo imaging that will provide immediate microscopic guidance to high-resolution anoscopy providers.6 month embargo; first published 12, April 2024This item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at [email protected]

On R&D spillovers, multiple equilibria and indeterminacy

Endogenous-growth model, R&D spillovers, Indeterminacy, Multiple equilibria, Bifurcation, O31, O41, E32,