Optimization of the Stability of Nano-emulsion Medium Chain Triglycerides (MCT) using α-Cyclodextrin

This study aims to determine the stability of nano-emulsion synthesized from virgin coconut oil (VCO) using α-cyclodextrin, and lecithin or tween 80 as surfactants. The study procedures included the production of nanoemulsions, examining emulsion type, density, particle size, pH, and zeta potential. The effect of the independent variables on the pH of the product was also examined using the response surface method (RSM). The results obtained 10 nano-emulsion formulas, belonging to the o/w type. The samples typically had a density range of 1.178–1.254 g/mL, with a pH of 5.0–5.5, which was considered safe for the skin. The smallest particle size of 5.495 µm was obtained from formula 6 (60 mL, 16 mL, 18 g, 6 g of water, VCO, cyclodextrin, and tween 80 as surfactant) with a zeta potential of -45.500 to -89.567 mV. Based on these results, formula 6 had the best characteristics, with an optimum pH of 5.5, small particle size, and good stability, as indicated by the zeta potential value

Efficacy of a Natural Papain-Induced Enzyme on Virgin Coconut Oil-Based Hand and Body Lotions with Added Orange Peel Extract

The objective of this research was to determine the effect of addition of natural papain enzyme on virgin coconut oil production and to characterise the physical quality of hand and body lotions made with virgin coconut oil. A natural papain enzyme was extracted to separate the virgin coconut oil from blondo and water, and the virgin coconut oil was then made into a hand and body lotion. The highest yield of virgin coconut oil (13.8±5.30%) was obtained with a 45% papain enzyme extract. The virgin coconut oil had an acid number of 0.135±0.50%, which fulfilled the SNI 7381:2008 standard for acid numbers. The peroxide number for the virgin coconut oil was 1.16±0.51 meq/kg and in accordance with the SNI 7382:2008 standard for peroxide numbers. The organoleptic test for hand and body lotion products prepared from the virgin coconut oil extracted with the papain enzyme was carried out with 32 respondents. The lotion colour had adequate acceptance by the respondents, who also viewed the lotion texture, homogeneity and humidity as satisfactory