Bounds for the number of meeting edges in graph partitioning

summary:Let $G$ be a weighted hypergraph with edges of size at most 2. Bollobás and Scott conjectured that $G$ admits a bipartition such that each vertex class meets edges of total weight at least $(w_1-\Delta _1)/2+2w_2/3$, where $w_i$ is the total weight of edges of size $i$ and $\Delta _1$ is the maximum weight of an edge of size 1. In this paper, for positive integer weighted hypergraph $G$ (i.e., multi-hypergraph), we show that there exists a bipartition of $G$ such that each vertex class meets edges of total weight at least $(w_0-1)/6+(w_1-\Delta _1)/3+2w_2/3$, where $w_0$ is the number of edges of size 1. This generalizes a result of Haslegrave. Based on this result, we show that every graph with $m$ edges, except for $K_2$ and $K_{1,3}$, admits a tripartition such that each vertex class meets at least $\lceil {2m}/{5}\rceil$ edges, which establishes a special case of a more general conjecture of Bollobás and Scott

Counting triangles in graphs without vertex disjoint odd cycles

Given two graphs $H$ and $F$, the maximum possible number of copies of $H$ in an $F$-free graph on $n$ vertices is denoted by $\mathrm{ex}(n, H, F)$. Let $(\ell+1) \cdot F$ denote $\ell+1$ vertex disjoint copies of $F$. In this paper, we determine the exact value of $\mathrm{ex}(n, C_3, (\ell+1)\cdot C_{2k+1})$ and its extremal graph, which generalizes some known results

MaxCut in graphs with sparse neighborhoods

Let $G$ be a graph with $m$ edges and let $\mathrm{mc}(G)$ denote the size of a largest cut of $G$. The difference $\mathrm{mc}(G)-m/2$ is called the surplus $\mathrm{sp}(G)$ of $G$. A fundamental problem in MaxCut is to determine $\mathrm{sp}(G)$ for $G$ without specific structure, and the degree sequence $d_1,\ldots,d_n$ of $G$ plays a key role in getting the lower bound of $\mathrm{sp}(G)$. A classical example, given by Shearer, is that $\mathrm{sp}(G)=\Omega(\sum_{i=1}^n\sqrt d_i)$ for triangle-free graphs $G$, implying that $\mathrm{sp}(G)=\Omega(m^{3/4})$. It was extended to graphs with sparse neighborhoods by Alon, Krivelevich and Sudakov. In this paper, we establish a novel and stronger result for a more general family of graphs with sparse neighborhoods. Our result can derive many well-known bounds on $\mathrm{sp}(G)$ in $H$-free graphs $G$ for different $H$, such as the triangle, the even cycle, the graphs having a vertex whose removal makes the graph acyclic, or the complete bipartite graph $K_{s,t}$ with $s\in \{2,3\}$. It can also deduce many new (tight) bounds on $\mathrm{sp}(G)$ in $H$-free graphs $G$ when $H$ is any graph having a vertex whose removal results in a bipartite graph with relatively small Tur\'{a}n number, especially the even wheel. This contributes to a conjecture raised by Alon, Krivelevich and Sudakov. Moreover, we give a new family of graphs $H$ such that $\mathrm{sp}(G)=\Omega(m^{3/4+\epsilon(H)})$ for some constant $\epsilon(H)>0$ in $H$-free graphs $G$, giving an evidence to a conjecture suggested by Alon, Bollob\'as, Krivelevich and Sudakov