Outpatient alcohol detoxification: Implementation efficacy and outcome effectiveness of a model project

Background: The aim of the study was to examine the practicability and implementation efficacy of an alcohol outpatient detoxification model and the concomitant `motivational' psychotherapeutic approach. Method: This was an open prospective study to examine the implementation efficacy, practicability and medical safety of a novel psychotherapy-based, integrated outpatient detoxification model in alcohol-dependent patients. Patients were carefully screened for relevant neuropsychiatric disorders and other exclusion criteria and then seen on a daily outpatient basis for 5 - 7 days. Patients received psychotropic or other medication, if necessary (CIWA-A score >16). Beside management of withdrawal symptoms, psychotherapeutic interventions were conducted to motivate the patient for further alcohol therapy. Results: Of 557 patients screened 331 entered the program. For medical reasons 226 patients had to be admitted for inpatient detoxification, 122 patients in a special alcohol unit, 101 patients in a general hospital. 198 (60%) of the outpatients received psychotropic medication during treatment. 312 (94%) of these patients successfully completed treatment. 301 (91% of the initial sample) patients entered a consecutive 3-month motivational phase of a two-phase alcohol treatment program. 139 (46%) patients successfully completed the 1-year consecutive outpatient treatment. Conclusions: Outpatient detoxification, at least in a highly structured frame, can be considered as a safe and efficient therapeutic approach. The data of this study also indicate that psychotherapeutic interventions and motivation for further abstinence and treatment may work in alcohol-dependent patients on an outpatient basis. Further controlled trials are necessary to compare the effects of outpatient versus inpatient withdrawal. Copyright (C) 2004 S. Karger AG, Basel

Manipulating the structure of ion Coulomb crystals with light

Coulomb crystallisation of laser-cooled ensembles of ions in harmonic traps has been studied experimentally with many spectacular results in recent years [1-3]. It is well known that for sufficiently large numbers of ions the ground state of a Coulomb crystal in such a system has a body-centred cubic (bcc) structure. However, in experiments with crystals of up to a few 104 ions, structural transitions between bcc and, for example, facecentred cubic (fcc) or hexagonal close packed (hcp) structures are observed [4]. For constant ion densities, the lattice spacing of the planes of highest density differs only by about 3% between bcc and fcc structures and simulations predict very small energy differences, thus thermal effects even at temperatures in the mK regime are sufficient to excite these transitions. Here we study numerically the possibility of controlling and switching the crystal structure with the help of periodic potentials generated by the dipole forces of standing-wave light fields

A High-Throughput, Low-Power Asynchronous Mesh-of-Trees Interconnection Network for the Explicit Multi-Threading (XMT) Parallel Architecture

This thesis presents an asynchronous (clockless) Mesh-of-Trees network that consumes less power and area than the synchronous Mesh-of-Trees network, while maintaining high throughput and low latency. Two new asynchronous designs are proposed for the fundamental pipelined components of the network (routing and arbitration), which are optimized for power, area, latency and throughput. Mixed-timing interfaces are added to create a mixed-timing network which provides communication between synchronous and asynchronous domains. Two issues top the agenda of CPU design in the emerging many-core era: programmers' productivity and power consumption. Through its reliance on the richest available theory of parallel algorithms, the eXplicit Multi-Threading (XMT) parallel architecture addresses programmers' productivity. The motivation for this work is to provide an effective interconnection network for the XMT architecture in terms of both performance and power consumption. Performance of the XMT processor with the mixed-timing network is measured for several applications

Pulsed laser annealing of ion implanted gallium arsenide

Call number: LD2668 .T4 EECE 1987 H67Master of ScienceElectrical and Computer Engineerin

Trinuclear Nickel Complexes with Metal–Arene Interactions Supported by Tris- and Bis(phosphinoaryl)benzene Frameworks

Triphosphine and diphosphine ligands with backbones designed to facilitate metal–arene interactions were employed to support multinuclear Ni complexes. Di- and trinuclear metal complexes supported by a triphosphine containing a triarylbenzene linker display diverse metal–arene binding modes. Multinuclear Ni halide complexes were isolated with strongly interacting metal centers bound to opposite faces of the coordinated arene. Upon reaction of the trinickel diiodide complex 2 with disodium tetracarbonylferrate, a cofacial triangulo nickel(0) complex, 4, was isolated. The Ni^(0)_(3) cluster motif can also be supported by a para-terphenyl diphosphine, where a terminal carbon monoxide ligand replaces the third phosphine donor. All multinuclear complexes feature strong metal–arene interactions, demonstrating the use of an arene as a versatile ligand design element for small clusters

High-Q photonic device for trapping and detecting a single atom on a chip

Recent progress in manufacturing high-Q dielectric microresonant structures may enable their use as photonic devices that can manipulate and/or detect single atoms on a nanometer scale. Of specific interest is the wafer-based manufacturing of resonators where good control of the physical characteristics can be achieved during fabrication and operation when integrated with other functions on the chip. We show that this "all-optical" trapping should be stable. We discuss atom detection efficiencies and the feasibility for non-destructive measurements in such systems and their dependence on key parameters such as atom distance from the surface, intensity of red- and blue-detuned laser pump fields, and disk size

Arene non-innocence in dinuclear complexes of Fe, Co, and Ni supported by a para-terphenyl diphosphine

Cofacial Fe_2, Co_2, and Ni_2 complexes supported by a para-terphenyl diphosphine ligand were prepared. Central arene deplanarization and a μ_2:(η^3,η^3) coordination mode suggest partial bisallyl character in the Fe_2 and Co_2 complexes. An oxidation induced shift in Fe_2–arene binding highlights the non-innocent nature of the arene ligand

Simultaneous optical trapping and detection of atoms by microdisk resonators

We propose a scheme for simultaneously trapping and detecting single atoms near the surface of a substrate using whispering gallery modes of a microdisk resonator. For efficient atom-mode coupling, the atom should be placed within approximately 150nm from the disk. We show that a combination of red and blue detuned modes can form an optical trap at such distances while the backaction of the atom on the field modes can simultaneously be used for atom detection. We investigate these trapping potentials including van-der-Waals and Casimir-Polder forces and discuss corresponding atom detection efficiencies, depending on a variety of system parameters. Finally, we analyze the feasibility of nondestructive detection