Wonen in verandering: Trends en stellingen: Lunchdebat

Facultatief debat over flexibilisering en regionalisering van de woningmarktOTBArchitecture and The Built Environmen

The association between neighbourhoods and educational achievement, a systematic review and meta-analysis

The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP/2007-2013) / ERC Grant Agreement n. 615159 (ERC Consolidator Grant DEPRIVEDHOODS, Socio-spatial inequality, deprived neighbourhoods, and neighbourhood effects). Many studies have examined the effects of neighbourhoods on educational outcomes. The results of these studies are often conflicting, even if the same independent variables (such as poverty, educational climate, social disorganisation, or ethnic composition) are used. A systematic meta-analysis may help to resolve this lack of external validity. We identified 5516 articles from which we selected 88 that met all of the inclusion criteria. Using meta-regression, we found that the relation between neighbourhoods and individual educational outcomes is a function of neighbourhood poverty, the neighbourhood’s educational climate, the proportion of ethnic/migrant groups, and social disorganisation in the neighbourhood. The variance in the findings from different studies can partly be explained by the sampling design and the type of model used in each study. More important is the use of control variables (school, family SES, and parenting variables) in explaining the variation in the strength of neighbourhood effects.OTBArchitecture and The Built Environmen

Recovery Capacity: To Build Back Better

The ambition to Build Back Better after a serious flood disaster is a complex challenge. A comprehensive, multi-disciplinary redevelopment planning process is required to reduce the flood risk and meanwhile create sustainable solutions that bring added value to society every day. General planning principles can be formulated on how to develop the physical conditions for flood resilience, while building a better place to live and work. Scoping and the charrette method are to be applied for pairing and integrating disciplinary results, to co-create Better plans in an interdisciplinary planning process. Two disaster recovery cases in Japan, after the 2011 Tohoku tsunami, and one case on Grand Bahama, after 2019 hurricane Dorian, were studied by multidisciplinary teams of students and staff to investigate in how far Building Back Better was, or is to be, realized. This was done by confronting the practice of the reconstruction process and the resulting plans with the guiding principles for the physical concepts and interdisciplinary planning approach. Practice shows that Building Back Better is suffering from a lack of integration of disciplinary solutions, guided by existing planning regulations and practices and driven by the need for flood safety and by the urgency of the reconstruction works.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Water ResourcesEnvironmental Technology and Desig

Neighbourhood Effects on Migrant Youth's Educational Commitments: An Enquiry into Personality Differences (Discussion Paper)

In the neighbourhood effects literature, the socialisation mechanism is usually investigated by looking at the association between neighbourhood characteristics and educational attainment. The step in between, that adolescents actually internalise educational norms held by residents, is often assumed. We attempt to fill this gap by looking at how educational commitments are influenced by neighbourhood characteristics. We investigate this process for migrant youth, a group that lags behind in educational attainment compared to native youth, and might therefore be particularly vulnerable to neighbourhood effects. To test our hypothesis we used longitudinal panel data with five waves (N=4179), combined with fixedeffects models which control for a large portion of potential selection bias. These models have an advantage over naïve OLS models in that they predict the effect of hange in neighbourhood characteristics on change in educational commitment, and therefore offer a more dynamic approach to modelling neighbourhood effects. Our results show that living in neighbourhoods with higher proportions of immigrants increases the educational commitments of migrant youth compared to living in neighbourhoods with lower proportions. Besides, we find that adolescents with a resilient personality experience less influence of the neighbourhood context on educational commitments than do adolescents with other personalities.OTBArchitecture and The Built Environmen