An Assessment of some Fertilizer Recommendations under Different Cropping Systems in a Humid Tropical Environment

Studies were carried out to determine the effects of four fertilizer recommendation systems (bianket recommendation, soil test recommendation, recommendation based on nutrient supplementation index and unfertilized control) on five cropping systems (sole cassava, maize, melon, cassava + maize and cassava + maize + melon). The experiment was a split-plot in randomised complete block design, with fertilizer recommendation systems in main plots and cropping systems in subplots. Observations were made on plant growth and yield. Plant samples were also analyzed for N, P and K uptake. Cassava and melon gave higher yields in sole cropping than intercropping while maize yield under intercropping exceeded that under sole cropping by 17 %. Cassava root yield was significantly reduced by 24 and 35 % in cassava + maize and cassava + maize + melon plots. Fertilizer recommendation based on nutrient supplementation index (NSI) gave the highest crop yield 41, 31, and 27 t/ha of maize in sole maize, maize + cassava and maize + cassava + melon and 0.6 and 0.2 t/ha of sole melon and intercropped melon respectively. Nitrogen uptake by cassava and maize was highest under NSI, but fertilizer recommendation based on soil test gave the highest crop yield and monetary returns per unit of fertilizer used

Combined fibrolamellar carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma exhibiting biphenotypic antigen expression: a case report

Fibrolamellar carcinoma (FLC), a variant of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), very rarely occurs in association with cholangiocarcinoma (CC). This report describes the first case of FLC coexisting with CC (FLC-CC) from Japan. Although the major part of the tumour located in the right lobe of the liver showed the typical features of FLC, CC was admixed with the FLC, not only in the primary hepatic tumour, but also in the lymph node metastases. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that, although carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), which can be detected with monoclonal antibodies in the cytoplasm and the cell surface of CC cells but not HCC cells, was expressed in only the CC cells in the primary tumour, it was expressed extensively in the cytoplasm of both CC and FLC cells in the metastatic and recurrent tumours. Furthermore, Hep Par 1, a hepatocyte specific antigen, was also expressed in both the FLC and CC cells. These findings suggest that, in this case, both FLC and CC were possibly derived from the same cancer stem cell with the capacity to differentiate into both hepatocytes and bile duct epithelium, and that both the cellular components, therefore, exhibited biphenotypic antigen expression

Transformação da cultivar de soja BR 16 via Agrobacterium tumefaciens, com a construção 35S:AREB1.

A seca é, atualmente, um importante fator responsável por perdas na produção brasileira de soja. A busca por cultivares adaptadas a esta condição pode ser realizada através do melhoramento genético, pela inserção de genes por diferentes métodos de transformação de plantas, entre outros. Sucessos obtidos com a transformação de Arabdopsis thaliana com gene AREB1 evidenciou importantes respostas das plantas à seca e a alta salinidade. Visando a obtenção de genótipos de soja geneticamente modificada para tolerância à seca e a alta salinidade, este trabalho teve como objetivo inserir a construção 35S:AREB1 em cultivares de soja BR 16 pela técnica de transformação via Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Neste trabalho foram transformados 8731 embriões imaturos, dos quais 2138 foram testados via PCR, confirmando a presença do gene AREB1 inserido no genoma de 15 eventos. Após a multiplicação das sementes destes eventos, estudos serão realizados para confirmar a transmissão do transgene para as plantas T1