Keragaman Genetik Dan Pendugaan Jumlah Gen Ketahanan Kacang Panjang (Vigna Sinensis L.) Terhadap Penyakit Kuning

Penyakit kuning pada kacang panjang berdampak pada penurunan produksi. Gejala serangan diawali dari gejala daun keriting serta mengakibatkan polong berwarna kuning. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui nilai heritabilitas dan ragam genetik serta menduga jumlah gen pengendali ketahanan kacang panjang terhadap penyakit kuning. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Kediri pada bulan April sampai Juli 2013. Bahan penelitian adalah populasi UB 715 A (P1), Hitam Putih (P2), populasi F1 dan populasi F2. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, populasi UB 715 A (P1 ) menunjukkan respon tahan terhadap penyakit kuning, populasi Hitam Putih (P2) menunjukkan respon rentan, dan populasi F1 dan F2 menunjukkan respon sedang. Karakter jumlah polong dan jumlah biji per tanaman memiliki keragaman yang sempit sedangkan karakter panjang polong, bobot segar polong, umur berbunga, dan umur panen memiliki keragaman yang luas. Karakter panjang polong dan jumlah biji per polong memiliki nilai heritabilitas rendah, sedangkan karakter jumlah polong, bobot segar polong, umur berbunga, dan umur panen memiliki nilai heritabilitas tinggi. Rasio sifat ketahanan terhadap penyakit kuning pada populasi F2 adalah 9 tahan : 3 sedang : 4 rentan yang berarti ketahanan terhadap penyakit kuning dikendalikan oleh dua gen dengan aksi gen epistasis resesif

Guanosine-Based Multidrug Strategy Delivery for Synergistic Anti-Inflammation

The development of codelivery approaches for combination therapy is of great significance, especially for natural products that need to be combined to achieve therapeutic effects. Targeted delivery of multiple drugs through a single carrier remains a challenge. Here, a multi-drug-loaded hydrogel, incorporating quercetin, demethyleneberberine, and dencichine, based on a G4-quadruplex was designed and prepared. Catechol drugs were responsively released in a simulated inflammatory pathological environment by a borate ester linkage, while coagulating dencichine encapsulated in the hydrogel was released along with the degradation of assemblies. The multi-drug-loaded codelivery system is expected to enhance the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease through the synergistic effect of the components. The preparation, characteristic, and physicochemical properties of the multi-drug-loaded assembly were depicted by NMR, CD, and TEM. Degradation assays in vitro proved the good biocompatibility and safety of the hydrogel and a potential pathway to injectable administration. The assays of typical inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α and IL-6, indicated that these can be significantly suppressed by the treatment of the hydrogel. The current work provided a simple strategy to construct a multi-drug-loaded hydrogel carrier, which facilitated synergistic therapy for natural products by a codelivery approach

Fabrication of a Novel Cholic Acid Modified OPE-Based Fluorescent Film and Its Sensing Performances to Inorganic Acids in Acetone

A self-assembled monolayer (SAM)-based fluorescent film was designed and prepared by chemical immobilization of a novel oligo­(<i>p</i>-phenylene- ethynylene) (OPE) with cholic acid moieties at the ends of its side chains (Film 1). As a control, a similar film, Film 2, of which OPE brings no side chains, was also prepared. The structures of the films were characterized by contact angle, XPS, ATR-IR and fluorescence measurements. Fluorescence studies revealed that the emission of Film 1 is sensitive to the presence of trace amount of some inorganic acids in acetone, such as HCl, H₂SO₄, HNO₃, and H₃PO₄, etc., whereas the acids as studied showed little effect on the emission of Film 2. The difference in the sensing performances of the two films have been rationalized by considering presence or absence of a possible cavity, a substructure appearing above the OPE adlayer which is something like a dimer of cholic acid (CholA) formed at specific environment

Fabrication of a Novel Cholic Acid Modified OPE-Based Fluorescent Film and Its Sensing Performances to Inorganic Acids in Acetone

A self-assembled monolayer (SAM)-based fluorescent film was designed and prepared by chemical immobilization of a novel oligo­(<i>p</i>-phenylene- ethynylene) (OPE) with cholic acid moieties at the ends of its side chains (Film 1). As a control, a similar film, Film 2, of which OPE brings no side chains, was also prepared. The structures of the films were characterized by contact angle, XPS, ATR-IR and fluorescence measurements. Fluorescence studies revealed that the emission of Film 1 is sensitive to the presence of trace amount of some inorganic acids in acetone, such as HCl, H₂SO₄, HNO₃, and H₃PO₄, etc., whereas the acids as studied showed little effect on the emission of Film 2. The difference in the sensing performances of the two films have been rationalized by considering presence or absence of a possible cavity, a substructure appearing above the OPE adlayer which is something like a dimer of cholic acid (CholA) formed at specific environment

Fabrication of Highly Luminescent Quasi Two-Dimensional CsPbBr₃ Perovskite Films in High Humidity Air for Light-Emitting Diodes

Perovskite light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have attracted extensive attention in recent years due to their outstanding performance and promise in lighting and display applications. However, the fabrication of perovskite LEDs usually requires a low-humidity atmosphere, which is unfavorable for industrial production. Herein, we report an effective strategy to fabricate highly luminescent quasi two-dimensional CsPbBr3 perovskite films in an ambient atmosphere with a humidity up to 60%. We reveal that the hole transport layer (HTL) plays a significant role in the morphology and optical properties of the perovskite films. Using hydrophobic self-assembled monolayer materials as HTLs can remarkably improve the quality of the perovskite films processed in high humidity air. The resultant perovskite LEDs show reduced leakage current and significantly enhanced performance. Furthermore, surface treatment is conducted to prevent water invasion and promote radiative recombination in perovskite films and LEDs. Eventually, the perovskite LEDs exhibit bright green emission with an external quantum efficiency of 4.87%. The present work provides a feasible pathway to overcome the humidity limitation for obtaining bright perovskite films and LEDs, which would contribute to further reducing the fabrication cost of perovskite LEDs and promoting their applications

Mid-term outcomes of biventricular obstruction and left ventricular outflow tract obstruction after surgery correction in child and adolescent patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy - Fig 2

<p>Fig 2a. Preoperative two-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography (tte) parasternal long axis (PLAX) views in a 16-year-old hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patient with BVOTO. (A) PLAX view demonstrating the massive septal hypertrophy and the thickening of the ventricular septum bulging into the LVOT and RVOT resulting in biventricular obstructions (the colour flows). (B) Colour Doppler flow imaging of PLAX view during systole showing high velocity jet flow simultaneously in both LVOT and RVOT. Postoperative PLAX views showing a substantial decrease in the ventricular septum thickness and an increase in the RV and LV cavity sizes during diastole (C) and the LV and RV colour flows showing laminar without evidence of significant residual obstructions during systole (D).RV: right ventricle; RVOT: right ventricular outflow tract; IVS: interventricular septum; LV: left ventricle; LA: left atrium; LVOT: left ventricular outflow tract.AO: aorta. Fig 2b. Preoperational cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) image 3-chamber views during diastole (A) and systole (B) showing remarkable myocardial hypertrophy at the base ventricular level with LVOT and RVOT obstruction. The postoperative CMR images (C, D) showing thinner IVS, wider LVOT and RVOT diameter and larger LV and RV cavity without the projection of septum into RVOT or LVOT after biventricular resection. LA: left atrial; LV: left ventricular.</p

Table1_Short-term exposure to dimethyl fumarate (DMF) inhibits LPS-induced IκBζ expression in macrophages.DOCX

Background: The pharmacological activity of dimethyl fumarate (DMF) in treating psoriasis and multiple sclerosis (MS) is not fully understood. DMF is hydrolysed to monomethyl fumarate (MMF) in vivo, which is believed to account for the therapeutic effects of DMF. However, previous studies have provided evidence that DMF also enters the circulation. Given that DMF is short-lived in the blood, whether DMF has a therapeutic impact is still unclear.Methods: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated RAW264.7 cell activation was used as a model of inflammation to explore the anti-inflammatory effects of short-term DMF exposure in vitro. Whole blood LPS stimulation assay was applied to compare the anti-inflammatory effects of DMF and MMF in vivo. Griess assay was performed to examined nitrite release. The expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and transcription factors were measured by quantitative PCR (qPCR), ELISA and Western blot. Depletion of intracellular glutathione (GSH) was evaluated by Ellman’s assay. Luciferase reporter assays were performed to evaluate DMF effects on Nrf2-ARE pathway activation, promoter activity of Nfkbiz and mRNA stability of Nfkbiz. Binding of STAT3 to the IκBζ promoter were examined using Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay.Results: Short-term exposure to DMF significantly inhibited the inflammatory response of RAW264.7 cells and suppressed LPS-induced IκBζ expression. Importantly, oral DMF but not oral MMF administration significantly inhibited IκBζ transcription in murine peripheral blood cells. We demonstrated that the expression of IκBζ is affected by the availability of intracellular GSH and regulated by the transcription factor Nrf2 and STAT3. DMF with strong electrophilicity can rapidly deplete intracellular GSH, activate the Nrf2-ARE pathway, and inhibit the binding of STAT3 to the IκBζ promoter, thereby suppressing IκBζ expression in macrophages.Conclusion: These results demonstrate the rapid anti-inflammatory effects of DMF in macrophages, providing evidence to support the direct anti-inflammatory activity of DMF.</p

Middle-Term results in the three groups.

<p>Middle-Term results in the three groups.</p

Baseline characteristics.

<p>Baseline characteristics.</p

Mixed-Dimensional van der Waals Heterostructure for High-Performance and Air-Stable Perovskite Nanowire Photodetectors

An organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite nanowire (NW), CH3NH3PbI3, shows great potential for high-performance photodetectors due to its excellent photoresponse. However, the inefficient carrier collection between the one-dimensional (1D) NWs and metallic electrodes, as well as degradation of the perovskite, limits the viability of the CH3NH3PbI3 NWs for commercial production. Here, we demonstrate a photodetector with a mixed-dimensional van der Waals heterostructure of hexagonal boron nitride (hBN)/graphene (Gr)/1D CH3NH3PbI3, which exhibits excellent responsivity and specific detectivity of up to 558 A/W and 2.3 × 1012 Jones, owing to the improved carrier extraction at the electrical contact between Gr and the NW. As for the atomic encapsulation of hBN, the device is extremely robust and maintains its outstanding performance for more than 2 months when exposed to air. Moreover, benefitting from the 1D geometry of the CH3NH3PbI3 NW, our device is highly sensitive to polarized light. The mixed-dimensional van der Waals heterostructure, hBN/Gr/1D CH3NH3PbI3, would provide a novel idea and protocol for fabricating high-performance and air-stable photoelectronic devices based on organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite NWs