DNA-Encoded Bidirectional Regulation of the Peroxidase Activity of Pt Nanozymes for Bioanalysis

Rational regulation of nanozyme activity can promote biochemical sensing by expanding sensing strategies and improving sensing performance, but the design of effective regulatory strategies remains a challenge. Herein, a rapid DNA-encoded strategy was developed for the efficient regulation of Pt nanozyme activity. Interestingly, we found that the catalytic activity of Pt nanozymes was sequence-dependent, and its peroxidase activity was significantly enhanced only in the presence of T-rich sequences. Thus, different DNA sequences realized bidirectional regulation of Pt nanozyme peroxidase activity. Furthermore, the DNA-encoded strategy can effectively enhance the stability of Pt nanozymes at high temperatures, freezing, and long-term storage. Meanwhile, a series of studies demonstrated that the presence of DNA influenced the reduction degree of H2PtCl6 precursors, which in turn affected the peroxidase activity of Pt nanozymes. As a proof of application, the sensor array based on the Pt nanozyme system showed superior performance in the accurate discrimination of antioxidants. This study obtained the regulation rules of DNA on Pt nanozymes, which provided theoretical guidance for the development of new sensing platforms and new ideas for the regulation of other nanozyme activities

Mitigating <i>V</i>_oc Loss in Tin Perovskite Solar Cells via Simultaneous Suppression of Bulk and Interface Nonradiative Recombination

Tin-based perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have recently attracted extensive attention as a promising alternative to lead-based counterparts due to their low toxicity and narrow band gap. However, the severe open-circuit voltage (Voc) loss remains one of the most significant obstacles to further improving photovoltaic performance. Herein, we report an effective approach to reducing the Voc loss of tin-based PSCs. We find that introducing ethylammonium bromide (EABr) as an additive into the tin perovskite film can effectively reduce defect density both in the tin perovskite film and at the surface as well as optimize the energy level alignment between the perovskite layer and [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) transport material, thereby suppressing nonradiative recombination both in the bulk film and at the interface. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that the Voc loss is gradually mitigated along with increasing storage duration due to the slow passivation effect. As a result, a remarkable Voc of 0.83 V is achieved in the devices optimized with the EABr additive, which shows a significantly improved power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 10.80% and good stability

Fluorinated, Sulfur-Rich, Covalent Triazine Frameworks for Enhanced Confinement of Polysulfides in Lithium–Sulfur Batteries

Lithium–sulfur battery represents a promising class of energy storage technology owing to its high theoretical energy density and low cost. However, the insulating nature, shuttling of soluble polysulfides and volumetric expansion of sulfur electrodes seriously give rise to the rapid capacity fading and low utilization. In this work, these issues are significantly alleviated by both physically and chemically restricting sulfur species in fluorinated porous triazine-based frameworks (FCTF-S). One-step trimerization of perfluorinated aromatic nitrile monomers with elemental sulfur allows the simultaneous formation of fluorinated triazine-based frameworks, covalent attachment of sulfur and its homogeneous distribution within the pores. The incorporation of electronegative fluorine in frameworks provides a strong anchoring effect to suppress the dissolution and accelerate the conversion of polysulfides. Together with covalent chemical binding and physical nanopore-confinement effects, the FCTF-S demonstrates superior electrochemical performances, as compared to those of the sulfur-rich covalent triazine-based framework without fluorine (CTF-S) and porous carbon delivering only physical confinement. Our approach demonstrates the potential of regulating lithium–sulfur battery performances at a molecular scale promoted by the porous organic polymers with a flexible design

Synthesis of Au-Based Porous Magnetic Spheres by Selective Laser Heating in Liquid

We report the synthesis of Au-based submicrometer-sized spherical particles with uniform morphology/size and integrated porosity-magnetic property in a single particles. The particles are synthesized by a two-step process: (a) selective pulsed laser heating of colloidal nanoparticles to form particles with Au-rich core and Fe-rich shell and (b) acid treatment which leads to formation of porous architecture on particle surface. The simple, fast, inexpensive technique that is proposed demonstrates very promising perspectives for synthesis of composite particles

Modification of Nickel Oxide via Self-Assembled Monolayer for Enhanced Performance of Air-Processed FAPbl₃ Perovskite Solar Cells

Fabricating formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI3) in ambient air has shown great promise for reducing its fabrication costs and promoting future large-scale production of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Compared with the regular structure, the inverted counterpart exhibits advantages in low-temperature-fabricated and dopant-free charge transport materials. However, the commonly used hole transport material NiOx suffers from a large amount of surface defects, which results in severe nonradiation recombination at the interface as well as poor perovskite film grown on top. Herein, we report an interfacial engineering strategy via a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) to modify the interface between NiOx and air-processed FAPbI3, among which the [4-(3,6-dimethyl-9H-carbazol-9-yl)butyl] phosphonic acid (Me-4PACz) modified device shows the best efficiency. With Me-4PACz, not only the interfacial defects are passivated, but also the energy alignment between NiOx and FAPbI3 is optimized, thus facilitating charge extraction. Moreover, the crystallization process of air-processed perovskite film is slowed down, leading to enlarged grain size in both lateral and vertical directions, which benefits charge transport in the perovskite film. After optimization, the air-processed inverted FAPbI3 PSCs achieve a dramatically improved power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 17.3%, outperforming that of the control device with 11.3%. This work provides a feasible way towards low-cost and efficient FAPbI3 PSCs in a humid environment

A New Strategy to Stabilize Capacity and Insight into the Interface Behavior in Electrochemical Reaction of LiNi_0.5Mn_1.5O₄/Graphite System for High-Voltage Lithium-Ion Batteries

The performance of CEI and SEI configuration and formation mechanism on the cathode and anode side for LiNi_0.5Mn_1.5O₄/natural graphite (LNMO/NG) batteries is investigated, where series permutations of the NG electrodes modified with TEOS species as the anode for the LNMO full cells. It is believed that the excellent long-term cycling performance of LNMO/NG full cells at the high voltage is a result of alleviating the devastated reaction to form the CEI and SEI on the both electrodes with electrolyte, respectively. At a voltage range from 3.4 to 4.8 V for the LNMO full cells, 95.0% capacity retention after 100 cycles is achieved when cycled with TEOS-modifying NG anode. This mechanism may be explained that eliminating the HF and absorbing water impurities in the electrolyte by introducing the TEOS group, which can transform the SiO₂ species that react with the acid of HF at the organic solvent environment instead of destroying/forming the anode SEI and attacking the LNMO spinel structure to form the dense and high resistance CEI, meanwhile the SiO₂ species will absorb the water molecule and precipitate into the anode surface further stabilizing the SEI configuration during the cycling

Additional file 1 of Deficiency of TOP1MT enhances glycolysis through the stimulation of PDK4 expression in gastric cancer

Additional file 1. Supplementary method. Figure S1. Identification of subclasses identification based on 62 glycolysis-related genes using NMF consensus clustering in TCGA-STAD. (A) Consensus matrix legend; (B) The tracking plot for k = 2–6; (C) The heat-map for K = 2; (D) Consensus matrix heat-map for k = 3–6; (E) The differential expression of glycolytic-related genes between cluster 1 and cluster 2. Figure S2. The results of KEGG and GO enrichment analysis based on DEGs between cluster 1 and cluster 2 in TCGA-STAD. (A) Volcanic map; (B) Heat-map

Improved Cycling Stability of Ni-Rich Cathode Material by In Situ Introduced TM-B‑O Amorphous Surface Structure

Current research has found the amorphous/crystal interface has some unexpected electrochemical behaviors. This work designed a surface modification strategy using NaBH4 to induce in situ conversion of the surface structure of Ni-rich LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (NCM811) into TM-B-O amorphous interface layer. Oxidizing the surface from transition metals (TM) with high valence and reductive BH4– in a weak polar medium of ethanol results in an easy redox reacton. A TM-B-O amorphous structure is formed on NCM811 surface. The action of reactive wetting ensures a complete and uniform structure evolution of the surface crystals. The complete coverage protects the outer crystal and the heterogeneous interface impedance between the modified layer and bulk is reduced. More importantly, this amorphous interface layer through in situ conversion enhances the heterogeneous link at interface and its own structural stability. The modified NCM811 (TB2@NCM) treated with 1 wt % NaBH4 shows excellent electrochemical performance, especially cyclic stability. At a high cutoff voltage of 4.5 V, the capacity retention was 72.5% at 1 C after 500 cycles. The electrode achieves 173.7 mAh·g–1 at 10 C. This work creates a modifying strategy with potential application prospect due to simple technology with low-cost raw material under mild operating conditions

Superior Blends Solid Polymer Electrolyte with Integrated Hierarchical Architectures for All-Solid-State Lithium-Ion Batteries

Exploration of advanced solid electrolytes with good interfacial stability toward electrodes is a highly relevant research topic for all-solid-state batteries. Here, we report PCL/SN blends integrating with PAN-skeleton as solid polymer electrolyte prepared by a facile method. This polymer electrolyte with hierarchical architectures exhibits high ionic conductivity, large electrochemical windows, high degree flexibility, good flame-retardance ability, and thermal stability (workable at 80 °C). Additionally, it demonstrates superior compatibility and electrochemical stability toward metallic Li as well as LiFePO₄ cathode. The electrolyte/electrode interfaces are very stable even subjected to 4.5 V at charging state for long time. The LiFePO₄/Li all-solid-state cells based on this electrolyte deliver high capacity, outstanding cycling stability, and superior rate capability better than those based on liquid electrolyte. This solid polymer electrolyte is eligible for next generation high energy density all-solid-state batteries

Defect Passivation by Natural Piperine Molecule Enabling for Stable Perovskite Solar Cells with Efficiencies over 23%

Effective modulation of defects and carrier transport behaviors at the surfaces and grain boundaries of solution-processed perovskites has proven to be a vital strategy for suppressing charge recombination, allowing for efficient and stable perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, a natural molecule (E,E)-1-[5-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-1-oxo-2,4-pentadienyl]-piperidine (BOPP) with a carbonyl group and π-conjugated structure is incorporated into perovskites using a one step antisolvent procedure. The as-prepared perovskites improved crystallization and decreased defect density, which is ascribed to the passivation effect of BOPP due to the carbonyl group forming coordination bonds with undercoordinated Pb2+ ions via Lewis acid–base interactions. Incorporating BOPP into the perovskite layer results in a better arrangement of energy levels between the perovskite and Spiro-OMeTAD interface, contributing to more efficient carrier injection and transport. The results show that the BOPP-passivated device achieves a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 23.37% with a steady-state power output of 22.95%, compared with a PCE of 21.49% for the pristine device. At the same time, the unencapsulated devices maintained around 95% of their original PCEs after aging under relative humidities of 15%–30% over 3000 h. Moreover, this work gives a viable avenue to fabricate high-quality perovskite layers for optoelectronic applications using natural compound additives