TEM, XRD, and Thermal Stability of Adsorbed Paranitrophenol on DDOAB Organoclay

Water purification is of extreme importance to modern society. Organoclays through adsorption of recalcitrant organics provides one mechanism for the removal of these molecules. The organoclay was synthesised through ion exchange with dimethyldioctadecylammonium bromide labeled as DDOAB of formula (CH3(CH2)17)2NBr(CH3)2. Paranitrophenol was adsorbed on the organoclay at a range of concentrations according to the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of the host montmorillonite. The paranitrophenol in solution was analysed by a UV-260 spectrophotometer at 317nm, with detection limits being 0.05mg/L. The expansion of the montmorillonite was studied by a combination of X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. Upon adsorption of the paranitrophenol the basal spacing decreased. The thermal stability of the organoclay was determined by a combination of thermogravimetry and infrared emission spectroscopy. The surfactant molecule DDOAB combusts at 166, 244 and 304 degrees Celsius and upon intercalation into Na-montmorillonite is retained up to 389 degrees Celsius thus showing the organoclay is stable to significantly high temperatures well above the combustion/decomposition temperature of the organoclay

Reflective Full Subcategories of the Category of L

This paper focuses on the relationship between L-posets and complete L-lattices from the categorical view. By considering a special class of fuzzy closure operators, we prove that the category of complete L-lattices is a reflective full subcategory of the category of L-posets with appropriate morphisms. Moreover, we characterize the Dedekind-MacNeille completions of L-posets and provide an equivalent description for them

COMPARISON OF CHLOROPHYLL A AND THE ALGAL GROWTH POTENTIAL IN THE WEST LAKE

The present work studied environmental factors, such as temperature, nitrogen, phosphorus, chlorophyll a and transparency of the West Lake. Algal growth potential test (AGP) was performed to determine the influence of the environment elements on the potential of algal growth, and to explain what conditions were necessary for algal reproduction.Article信州大学理学部附属諏訪臨湖実験所報告 11: 35-39(1999)departmental bulletin pape

Effect of Soil Structure Interaction on Torsional Response of Structure Supported by Asymmetric Soil Foundation System

The torsional response of a structure supported by asymmetric foundation was investigated in this study. Several types of the asymmetric soil foundation system were employed to analyze the effect of soil structure interaction on torsional response of the superstructure. It can be concluded from the study that torsional response would be generated for a structure supported by asymmetric soil foundation system under horizontal seismic excitation, and the generated torsional response of the superstructure changed with the degree of the asymmetry of the foundation

ECOLOGICAL STUDIES ON ZOOPLANKTON OF THE WEST LAKE AND THE INFLOWS

Zooplankton ecology of the West Lake and the streams that flow into the lake were investigated during January-December 1995. Protozoans were the predominant group among 252 species of zooplankton, accounting for 50.4% of the total number. Due to the seasonal variations in density and biomass of zooplankton, were studied. Changqiao stream recorded the highest density of zooplankton among seven sampling points, with an average of 10,710 inds./L. The lowest density found was Jinsha stream (886 inds./L). Lake Yue recorded the highest biomass of zooplankton in spring (3,737 mg/L) and the lowest biomass occurred in Jinsha stream (0.055 mg/L) in spring. According to the diversity index, Lake Xiaonan and the three streams belong to the β-mesosaprobic level, while other areas belong to the α-mesosaprobic level.Article信州大学理学部附属諏訪臨湖実験所報告 11: 41-49(1999)departmental bulletin pape

Shocks in agricultural productivity and CO2 emissions: new environmental challenges for China in the green economy

The primary motive behind this research is to see the role of China’s large agriculture sector in promoting or demoting CO2 emissions. Therefore, we applied linear and non-linear ARDL models by collecting data over the period 1971–2019 for China. The results of the linear model suggest that livestock production can help to reduce CO2 emissions both in the short and long run. In the non-linear model, the short-run estimates of livestock production are insignificant, however, in the long run, the positive shock in the livestock production helps to reduce the CO2 emissions and the negative shock is insignificant. On the other side, an increase in crop production deteriorates the environmental quality in the short run in both linear and non-linear models. In long run, the estimate of crop production in the linear model is insignificant and in the non-linear model, the estimated coefficients of both positive and negative shocks in crop production are negative implying that a positive shock reduces the CO2 emissions while the negative shock increases the CO2 emissions

CORRELATION BETWEEN WATER QUALITY AND Chl.a OF PHYTOPLANKTON AND THE COUNTERMEASURES FOR INHIBITING ALGAL GROWTH IN WEST LAKE, HANGZHOU

On the basis of the analysis of chlorophyll-a and physicochemical factors in the water of West Lake, the results show that algal growth in Lake Beili, Lake Yue, Lake Xili and Lake Wai is affected mainly by water temperature, and is not limited by the high concentrations of N and P in the water. The water quality in L.Xiaonan is better than that in other lake areas, because it lies at the diversion entrance and is directly influenced by drawing water from Qiantang River. Studies on biological control experiments suggested that a reasonable and coordinated ecological system would be more beneficial to the water quality than the other countermeasures.Article信州大学理学部附属諏訪臨湖実験所報告 11: 29-34(1999)departmental bulletin pape

Data fusion technology for precision forestry applications

Presently precision forestry is playing an important role in realizing sustainable development and improving societal and economical efficiency for forestry applications. Based on analyzing the features of precision forestry's information requirements, the data needed for precision forestry were classified and the characteristics of the different information were summarized. Data fusion for precision forestry was studied in this paper. The architecture for precision forestry information processing, which integrated information fusion and data mining, was put forward. New and emerging technologies such as Remote Sensing (RS), Geographical Information System (GIS), Global Position System (GPS), Data Base Management System (DBMS), Data Fusion, Decision Support Systems (DSS), and Variable Rate technology (VRT) are applied in forestry production as aids in producers' and managers' decision-making process. Precision irrigation, precision fertilizing, precision pesticide application, precision harvesting, and precision deforestation can promote the realization of minimizing resource inputs, minimizing environmental impacts, and maximizing forest outputs

STUDY ON THE CORRELATION OF WATER QUALITY FACTORS WITH SPECIES DISTRIBUTION OF MANGANESE IN WEST LAKE

In this paper, changes in water quality factors of West Lake and variations in the speciation distribution of Manganese in both water and bottom sediment from June 1995 to May 1996 was reported. The correlation of manganese species distribution with water quality factors was also investigated. The results showed that besides TP, T, TIN, and chl-a etc., Manganese was also one of the main factors which affects water transparency.Article信州大学理学部附属諏訪臨湖実験所報告 11: 73-77(1999)departmental bulletin pape