673 research outputs found
POE Research on the Role and Effect of Landscape Design Supervision in the Creation of Large Parks: Gwanggyo Lake Park
While pursuing rapid urbanization and industrialization, the Korean government has also endeavoured to create large scale urban parks. Despite the number of large parks having increased, issues regarding their quality have been consistently raised. Noteworthy, is the quality of Gwanggyo Lake Park, which has been positively evaluated by landscape experts and citizens, and the introduction of a landscape design supervision system is thought to be one of the important reasons for this evaluation outcome. This study conducts a post-evaluation of the role and effect of landscape design supervision on the process of creation of the park. Open interviews were conducted with five staff who participated in the design and construction of the park. As a result of the study, a landscape design supervisor was defined as the second designer, because the supervisor not only monitored whether the construction complied with design, but also played multiple roles in understanding the designer\u27s concept and intention. The landscape design supervisor also responded to the current conditions of the construction site, which included variables and professional opinions from different entities, thereby establishing and producing the most efficient and reasonable alternatives. The landscape design supervisor plays a role in communicating between the public and construction teams. The landscape design supervisor helped maintain the concept and identity of the initial design of the park, raise its overall quality, and implement a design that reflects the special characteristics of the place. It also helped raise landscape designers\u27 self-esteem and sense of happiness by properly reflecting their original design intentions in the construction. This study is an initial research for a post-evaluation using the method of interviewing, which is meaningful as an initial study to analyse the role of landscape design supervisors. It will contribute to future large park projects and the introduction of the landscape design supervision system in them
Implications of C1q/TNF-related protein-3 (CTRP-3) and progranulin in patients with acute coronary syndrome and stable angina pectoris
Decreased Angiotensin II -Stimulated Aldosterone Production, but Normal Inositol Phosphate Response in Adrenal Glomerulosa Cells from Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats: Role of lnsulin
Streptozotocin(SlZ)-induced diabetic rats develop hyporeninemic
hypoaldosteronism during the progression of diabetes mellitus. However,the nature and
mechanism of aldosterone deficiency in diabetic rats still remain unclear and acute effects
of insulin on aldosterone production in-vitro are not known. We evaluated the
responses of aldosterone production to angiotensin 11 (AlI), potassium (K+), AClH and
insulin in adrenal glomerulosa cells prepared from SlZ-induced diabetic rats with and
without insulin treatment 2 weeks after diabetes induction. We also measured inositol
phosphate<IP) levels in All-stimulated glomerulosa cells labeled with [3HI myoinositol
using standardized anion exchange chromatography. Plasma renin activity and
aldosterone level were not different among control rats,untreated and insulin-treated
diabetic rats. Basal aldosterone production was similar in cells from the three groups.
Cells from untreated diabetic rats showed a significant decrease in the maximal All
(to-8M)-stimuiated aldosterone production and a tendency to be low in the maximal
K+(8.7 mM)-stimulated aldosterone production, compared with control rats (3.2±2.2
\IS 7.7±2.4, P (0.05 and 4.8±1.8 \IS 8.0±3.2 ng/105 cells/hr, 0.05 (P (0.1, respectively).
In contrast, there were no differences in All- and K+-stimulated aldosterone
production between control and insulin-treated diabetic rats. AClH (to-8M), however,
caused a similar effect on aldosterone production and insulin (I mU /ml for 1 hour) did
not alter either basal or agonists-stimulated aldosterone production in cells from the
three groups. All (to-8M)-induced IP formation among the three groups was similar
and did not change with the addition of insulin u mU / ml), These results indicate that
reduced response to All in the early phase of SlZ-induced diabetes in rats may be due
to the zona glomerulosa dysfunction secondary to chronic lack of insulin and the main
defect responsible for altered All effects may be located at some step(s) mediating All
action downstream from IP formation
Insulin Level, RBC Na+ Transport and Blood Pressure in Cushing's Syndrome
To test the hypothesis that hyperinsulinemia and / or abnormalities of RBC
Na+ transport are concerned in the pathogenesis of hypertension in Cushing's syndrome,
we 'investigated the relationship between insulin level, RBC Na + transport and
blood pressure in patients with Cushing's syndrome which is frequently associated with
hyperinsulinemia, abnormalities of RBC Na + transport and hypertension. Both systolic
and diastolic pressure were significantly higher in Cushing's syndrome than in normal
subjects. Fasting serum insulin level was higher and both serum glucose and insulin
responses after a 75g glucose load were significantly increased in patients with
Cushing's syndrome as compared with normal subjects. Both RBC Na+ concentration
and passive Na + permeability were significantly lower but Vmax of Na +, K+-pump was
significantly higher in patients with Cushing's syndrome than in normal subjects, while
Vmaxs of Na+-K+ cotransport and Na+-Li + countertransport were similar in the two
groups. In multiple stepwise regression analysis for patients with Cushing's syndrome,
fasting serum insulin level was directly correlated with both systolic and diastolic
pressures (r=O. 52, p=O. 01; r=O. 51, p=O. 02, respectively). On the other hand,RBC
Na + transport parameters showed little correlation with either systolic or diastolic
pressures. These results suggest that hyperinsulinemia may contribute to the hypertension
in Cushing's syndrome, but that the abnormalities of RBC Na + transport seen in
Cushing's syndrome are not causally related to hypertension
Serum immunoglobulin fused interferon-α inhibited tumor growth in athymic mice bearing colon 26 adenocarcinoma cells
Interferon (IFN) has therapeutic potential for a wide range of infectious and proliferative disorders. However, the half-life of IFN is too short to have a stable therapeutic effect. To overcome this problem, serum immunoglobulin has been fused to IFN. In this study, the efficacy of serum immunoglobulin fused INFs (si-IFN1 and si-IFN2) was evaluated on athymic mice bearing colon 26 adenocarcinoma cells. Seven days after the implantation of tumor cells, each group of mice was injected once a week with si-IFN1 and si-IFN2 at two different concentrations (10 × : 30 µg/kg and 50 × : 150 µg/kg). A slight anti-tumoral effect was observed in all 10 × groups compared to the control. In the 50 × groups, however, si-IFN1 and si-IFN2 showed significant anti- tumoral effects compared to the control. To gain more information on the mechanisms associated with the decrease of tumor size, a Western blot assay of apoptosis-related molecules was performed. The protein expression of cytochrome c, caspase 9, 6, and 3 were increased by si-IFN1 and si-IFN2. These 2 IFNs also increased the expressions of p53, p21, Bax and Bad. Interestingly, si-IFN1 and si-IFN2 decreased the expression of VEGF-β. Taken together, serum immunoglobulin fused IFNs increased therapeutic efficacy under current experimental condition
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