306 research outputs found
Exploring a Dark Sector Through the Higgs Portal at a Lepton Collider
We investigate the prospects for detecting a hidden sector at an
collider. The hidden sector is assumed to be composed of invisible particles
that carry no charges under the Standard Model gauge interactions, and whose
primary interactions with ordinary matter are through the Higgs portal. We
consider both the cases when the decays of an on-shell Higgs into a pair of
hidden sector particles are kinematically allowed, and the case when such
decays are kinematically forbidden. We find that at collider energies below a
TeV, the most sensitive channel involves production of an on-shell or off-shell
Higgs in association with a Z boson, and the subsequent decay of the Higgs into
invisible hidden sector states. Focusing on this channel, we find that with
order a thousand inverse fb of data at 250 GeV, the decay branching fraction of
an on-shell Higgs to invisible hidden sector states can be constrained to lie
below half a percent. The corresponding limits on Higgs portal dark matter will
be stronger than the bounds from current and upcoming direct detection
experiments in much of parameter space. With the same amount of data at 500
GeV, assuming order one couplings, decays of an off-shell Higgs to hidden
sector states with a total mass up to about 200 GeV can also be probed. Both
the on-shell and off-shell cases represent a significant improvement in
sensitivity when compared to the Large Hadron Collider (LHC).Comment: 7 pages, 6 figures, minor revisions, with added references, new
version to appear in Physics Letters
Like, Comment, and Share: Distortion of Information on Facebook
Social media users all around the globe use Facebook to stay connected with each other, and it is a dominant source of news: “over 63% of users acquire their news from social media” (Schmidt, 2017, p.3035). The connectivity of social media has created unintended consequences that promote or influence creation and dissemination of misinformation. By literature review and using real world example, this research identifies sources and provocation of inaccurate news, and explores how user interaction within social media promotes dissemination of distorted information.
Wardle (2017) from FirstDraftNews, suggests that there are seven distinct types of content and eight different motivators of questionable content found on social media online. Any questionable content found online may be motivated by one or more of the eight motivators. Propaganda, and political influences are among the top motivators to influence types of questionable content (Wardle, 2017).
The bias content created by social media is consumed by users in a polarized cluster of users and communities. Our own motivation to seek for information, confirmation bias, drives to reinforce previous knowledge and dismiss contradicting information. This infinite loop of search for reinforcement and dismissal of additional or contradicting information continues to create and distance the polarized communities of Facebook. In other words, social homogeneity is the primary driver of content diffusion, which results in polarized clusters, multiplied by the echo chamber effect (Vicario, 2016)
Dark Matter from a Conformal Dark Sector
We consider theories in which a dark sector is described by a Conformal Field
Theory (CFT) over a broad range of energy scales. A coupling of the dark sector
to the Standard Model breaks conformal invariance. While weak at high energies,
the breaking grows in the infrared, and at a certain energy scale the theory
enters a confined (hadronic) phase. One of the hadronic excitations can play
the role of dark matter. We study a "Conformal Freeze-In" cosmological
scenario, in which the dark sector is populated through its interactions with
the SM at temperatures when it is conformal. In this scenario, the dark matter
relic density is determined by the CFT data, such as the dimension of the CFT
operator coupled to the Standard Model. We show that this simple and highly
predictive model of dark matter is phenomenologically viable. The observed
relic density is reproduced for a variety of SM operators ("portals") coupled
to the CFT, and the resulting models are consistent with observational
constraints. The mass of the COFI dark matter candidate is predicted to be in
the keV-MeV range.Comment: 50 pages incl. appendix. v2 fixes warm dark matter bound, and matches
journal versio
A NATURAL EXTENSION OF STANDARD WARPED HIGHER-DIMENSIONAL COMPACTIFICATIONS: THEORY AND PHENOMENOLOGY
Warped higher-dimensional compactifications with ``bulk'' standard model, or their AdS/CFT dual as the purely 4D scenario of Higgs compositeness and partial compositeness, offer an elegant approach to resolving the electroweak hierarchy problem as well as the origins of flavor structure. However, low-energy electroweak/flavor/CP constraints and the absence of non-standard physics at LHC Run 1 suggest that a ``little hierarchy problem'' remains, and that the new physics underlying naturalness may lie out of LHC reach. Assuming this to be the case, we show that there is a simple and natural extension of the minimal warped model in the Randall-Sundrum framework, in which matter, gauge and gravitational fields propagate modestly different degrees into the IR of the warped dimension, resulting in rich and striking consequences for the LHC (and beyond).
The LHC-accessible part of the new physics is AdS/CFT dual to the mechanism of ``vectorlike confinement'', with TeV-scale Kaluza-Klein excitations of the gauge and gravitational fields dual to spin-0,1,2 composites. Unlike the minimal warped model, these low-lying excitations have predominantly flavor-blind and flavor/CP-safe interactions with the standard model. In addition, the usual leading decay modes of the lightest KK gauge bosons into top and Higgs bosons are suppressed. This effect permits erstwhile subdominant channels to become significant. These include flavor-universal decays to all pairs of SM fermions, and a novel channel — decay to a radion and a SM gauge boson, followed by radion decay to a pair of SM gauge bosons. We present a detailed phenomenological study of the latter cascade decay processes.
Remarkably, this scenario also predicts small deviations from flavor-blindness originating from virtual effects of Higgs/top compositeness at ∼ O(10) TeV, with subdominant resonance decays into a pair of Higgs/top-rich final states, giving the LHC an early ``preview'' of the nature of the resolution of the hierarchy problem. Discoveries of this type at LHC Run 2 would thereby anticipate (and set a target for) even more explicit explorations of Higgs compositeness at a 100 TeV collider, or for next-generation flavor tests
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