Lessons Learned in Protection of the Public for the Accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant

What insights can the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant provide in the reality of decision making on actions to protect the public during a severe reactor and spent fuel pool emergency? In order to answer this question, and with the goal of limiting the consequences of any future emergencies at a nuclear power plant due to severe conditions, this article presents the main actions taken in response to the emergency in the form of a timeline. The focus of this paper are those insights concerning the progression of an accident due to severe conditions at a light water reactor nuclear power plant that must be understood in order to protect the public

Gapless Excitation above a Domain Wall Ground State in a Flat Band Hubbard Model

We construct a set of exact ground states with a localized ferromagnetic domain wall and with an extended spiral structure in a deformed flat-band Hubbard model in arbitrary dimensions. We show the uniqueness of the ground state for the half-filled lowest band in a fixed magnetization subspace. The ground states with these structures are degenerate with all-spin-up or all-spin-down states under the open boundary condition. We represent a spin one-point function in terms of local electron number density, and find the domain wall structure in our model. We show the existence of gapless excitations above a domain wall ground state in dimensions higher than one. On the other hand, under the periodic boundary condition, the ground state is the all-spin-up or all-spin-down state. We show that the spin-wave excitation above the all-spin-up or -down state has an energy gap because of the anisotropy.Comment: 26 pages, 1 figure. Typos are fixe

Shear Layer Generation in Yield Behavior of Gels

The shear layer generation at the yield point and its recovery process are observed by the twin-drive rheometer. When the stress-ramp test or the shear rate-ramp test is applied to the colloidal gels, the stresses acting on the plates show different values under certain conditions. The bottom plate is used as a driving side, and the stress is controlled. Additionally, the upper plate side is a fixed side. The stress acting on the upper plate increases with the bottom plate, but at the occurrence of the yield behavior the different curve from the bottom plate is suddenly revealed. The stress acting on the upper plate becomes low, and the difference between the two stresses increases with an increasing stress or shear rate. This means that the shear stress is not constant over the gap, and a shear layer is generated. In the case of a small stress-ramp rate, the stress on the upper plate becomes the bottom value from the bottom plate stress at the yield point, but it returns to the same curve a few seconds later. The two layers of the shear layer generated at the yield point are adhered by the structure recovery, and the shear layer then disappeared

Gravitational level effects o optical properties of electrodeposited ZnO nanowire arrays

The coupling phenomena between the interfacial reaction rate and the microstructural/morphological variation rate must be reasonably well controlled to fabricate nano/meso- structural devices in a large scale. Otherwise, the physical property uniformity inside the device is not guaranteed to lose its superiority in the market. Free standing ZnO nanowire array was successfully synthesized on ITO/FTO substrate by template-free method in Zn(NO3)2 aqueous solutions. Two types of electrode configurations were employed in order to quantitatively examine the effect of gravitational strength on electrodeposited ZnO nanowire array: (a) a horizontal cathode surface facing downward over an anode (C/A) and (b) an anode over a cathode (A/C). The former configuration may simulate the microgravitational environment, because macroscopic natural convection is not induced. PL of ZnO nanowire array was measured. More uniform nanowires are synthesized in C/A configuration than in A/C. Seeding ZnO nanoparticles on ITO/FTO substrate can control the diameter as well as the orientation. Please click Additional Files below to see the full abstract

On the definition of Quantum Free Particle on Curved Manifolds

A selfconsistent definition of quantum free particle on a generic curved manifold emerges naturally by restricting the dynamics to submanifolds of co-dimension one. PACS 0365 0240Comment: 8 p., phyzzx macropackag