A Distributed Heterostructure Barrier Varactor Frequency Tripler

We present a broadband nonlinear transmission line (NLTL) frequency multiplier at F-band. The multiplier consists of a finline section periodically loaded with 15 heterostructure barrier varactor (HBV) diodes. Tapered slot antennas are used to couple the fundamental signal from a WR-22 rectangular waveguide to the distributed multiplier as well as radiate the output power into free space. The frequency tripler exhibits 10-dBm peak radiated power at 130.5 GHz with more than 10% 3-dB bandwidth and 7% conversion efficiency. The tripler can be used as an inexpensive broad-band solid-state source for millimeter-wave applications

Heterostructure-Barrier-Varactor Design

In this paper, we propose a simple set of accurate frequency-domain design equations for calculation of optimum embedding impedances, optimum input power, bandwidth, and conversion efficiency of heterostructure-barrier-varactor (HBV) frequency triplers. A set of modeling equations for harmonic balance simulations of HBV multipliers are also given. A 141-GHz quasi-optical HBV tripler was designed using the method and experimental results show good agreement with the predicted results

A 141-GHz Integrated Quasi-Optical Slot Antenna Tripler

We present a quasi-optical frequency tripler with heterostructure barrier varactor (HBV) diodes soldered across two slot antennas and located at the focal plane of a dielectric lens. The slot antennas are fed from a WR-22 waveguide connected to a Gunn oscillator. A quasi-optical high-pass filter is used to tune the slot impedance and increase the conversion efficiency. The symmetric capacitance-voltage and asymmetric current-voltage characteristics of the HBV diodes only allows odd harmonics of the applied signal to be generated, and thus simplifies the frequency tripler design

A 141-GHz Quasi-Optical HBV Diode Frequency Tripler

A 141-GHz quasi-optical heterostructure barrier varactor (HBV) diode frequency tripler is presented. The tripler consists of two slot antennas loaded with FEW diodes and located at the focal plane of a dielectric lens. A quasi-optical high-pass filter is used at the output to improve the conversion efficiency and act as a tuning element for the slot antennas. The tripler demonstrates an effectively isotropic radiated power (EIRP) of 2.24 W at 141 GHz with an input power of 143 mW. The corresponding radiated power is 11.5 mW and the tripler conversion efficiency is about 8%

A 141-GHz Quasi-Optical HBV Diode Frequency Tripler

A 141-GHz quasi-optical heterostructure barrier varactor (HBV) diode frequency tripler is presented. The tripler consists of two slot antennas loaded with FEW diodes and located at the focal plane of a dielectric lens. A quasi-optical high-pass filter is used at the output to improve the conversion efficiency and act as a tuning element for the slot antennas. The tripler demonstrates an effectively isotropic radiated power (EIRP) of 2.24 W at 141 GHz with an input power of 143 mW. The corresponding radiated power is 11.5 mW and the tripler conversion efficiency is about 8%

A 141-GHz Integrated Quasi-Optical Slot Antenna Tripler

We present a quasi-optical frequency tripler with heterostructure barrier varactor (HBV) diodes soldered across two slot antennas and located at the focal plane of a dielectric lens. The slot antennas are fed from a WR-22 waveguide connected to a Gunn oscillator. A quasi-optical high-pass filter is used to tune the slot impedance and increase the conversion efficiency. The symmetric capacitance-voltage and asymmetric current-voltage characteristics of the HBV diodes only allows odd harmonics of the applied signal to be generated, and thus simplifies the frequency tripler design