United States Oceans Politics

The current law of the sea debate concerns on the allocation and use of ocean space. This Article discusses the United States seabed policy including territorial, sea, straits, and fisheries by focusing on the participants in policy-making, the National Security Council system, and the President\u27s seabed policy. Diverse national and commercial interests shape the United States\u27 position on these ocean issues. Following this discussion, the Article examines the United Nations Conference on law of the sea in which the domestic and international perspectives are analyzed to determine whether the Conference\u27s Seabed Committee can build a compromise on the seabed resources

United States and Canadian Policy Processes in Law of the Sea

In the years 1958 and 1960, the United States and Canada were among 88 nations engaged in negotiations on the law of the sea. The Third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea began in December 1973, met again in Caracas in June-August 1974 and is to continue in 1975. The United States and Canada are among 138 nations taking part in efforts to reach agreement on an international treaty governing the use of an area comprising 70 percent of the earth\u27s surface. In this international lawmaking exercise, the governments of Canada and the U.S. play very active roles

Book Reviews

Book Reviews ================ Equal Employment Policy for Women: Strategies for Implementation in the United States, Canada, and Western Europe Ronnie Steinberg Ratner, ed. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Temple University Press. Pp. xxii, 520 Reviewed by Robert Belton ------------------------------------- The Host State of Transnational Corporations Juha Kuusi England: Saxon House. 1978. Pp. 117. $25.25 Reviewed by Dr. Nasrollah S. Fatemi ---------------------------------- The Enclosure of Ocean Resources: Economics and the Law of the Sea Ross D. Eckert Stanford: Hoover Institution. 1979.Pp. xvi, 390.$16.95 Reviewed by Ann L. Hollic

Planning science and technology policy

Long-range policy planning for international scientific and technological affairs has been hindered by a variety of problems. One is the overall crisis-response nature of foreign policymaking and another is the difficulty of developing technical information needed for sound forecasts. Within the State Department the record of attempts to establish systematic planning amply demonstrates the problems. Nevertheless, a number of key conclusions can be drawn from the few successful experiments in policy planning: An effective planning staff should combine the skills of both foreign policy specialists and scientists; planners should be closely familiar with, but not involved in, operations; the planning role requires consistent support from senior officials; the power to influence budgets significantly strengthens the planning function.