5,159 research outputs found
Theory of Dynamic Stripe Induced Superconductivity
Since the recently reported giant isotope effect on T* [1] could be
consistently explained within an anharmonic spin-charge-phonon interaction
model, we consider here the role played by stripe formation on the
superconducting properties within the same model. This is a two-component
scenario and we recast its basic elements into a BCS effective Hamiltonian. We
find that the stripe formation is vital to high-Tc superconductivity since it
provides the glue between the two components to enhance Tc to the unexpectedly
large values observed experimentally.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figure
Lattice and polarizability mediated spin activity in EuTiO_3
EuTiO_3 is shown to exhibit novel strong spin-charge-lattice coupling deep in
the paramagnetic phase. Its existence is evidenced by an, until now, unknown
response of the paramagnetic susceptibility at temperatures exceeding the
structural phase transition temperature T_S = 282K. The "extra" features in the
susceptibility follow the rotational soft zone boundary mode temperature
dependence above and below T_S. The theoretical modeling consistently
reproduces this behavior and provides reasoning for the stabilization of the
soft optic mode other than quantum fluctuations.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figure
Magnetic field enhanced structural instability in EuTiO_{3}
EuTiO_{3} undergoes a structural phase transition from cubic to tetragonal at
T_S = 282 K which is not accompanied by any long range magnetic order. However,
it is related to the oxygen ocathedra rotation driven by a zone boundary
acoustic mode softening. Here we show that this displacive second order
structural phase transition can be shifted to higher temperatures by the
application of an external magnetic field (increased by 4 K for mu_{0}H = 9 T).
This observed field dependence is in agreement with theoretical predictions
based on a coupled spin-anharmonic-phonon interaction model.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
Oxygen-isotope effect on the superconducting gap in the cuprate superconductor Y_{1-x}Pr_xBa_2Cu_3O_{7-\delta}
The oxygen-isotope (^{16}O/^{18}O) effect (OIE) on the zero-temperature
superconducting energy gap \Delta_0 was studied for a series of
Y_{1-x}Pr_xBa_2Cu_3O_{7-\delta} samples (0.0\leq x\leq0.45). The OIE on
\Delta_0 was found to scale with the one on the superconducting transition
temperature. These experimental results are in quantitative agreement with
predictions from a polaronic model for cuprate high-temperature superconductors
and rule out approaches based on purely electronic mechanisms.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure
Polaron Coherence as Origin of the Pseudogap Phase in High Temperature Superconducting Cuprates
Within a two component approach to high Tc copper oxides including polaronic
couplings, we identify the pseudogap phase as the onset of polaron ordering.
This ordering persists in the superconducting phase. A huge isotope effect on
the pseudogap onset temperature is predicted and in agreement with experimental
data. The anomalous temperature dependence of the mean square copper oxygen ion
displacement observed above, at and below Tc stems from an s-wave
superconducting component of the order parameter, whereas a pure d-wave order
parameter alone can be excluded.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figure
The Feasibility of Fast Neural Magnetic Detection Electrical Impedance Tomography: A Modelling Study
Magnetic Detection Electrical Impedance Tomography (MDEIT) is a possible method to non-invasively image fast neural activity in the human brain by injecting current with scalp electrodes and measuring the change in the magnetic field due to neural activity. A modelling study was performed on an anatomically realistic head model, assessing the SNR and reconstructed image quality for MDEIT and EIT with 3 different realistic noise cases. EIT produced a larger SNR than MDEIT for 2 out of the 3 noise cases. However, MDEIT was found to reconstruct images with a significantly lower error for all the reconstruction cases considered (P< 0.001)
Toxoplasma gondii profilin does not stimulate an innate immune response through bovine or human TLR5
Toxoplasma gondii is responsible for one of the most prevalent infections in people. T. gondii profilin (TgPr) is a protein integral to parasite movement and cellular invasion. Murine TLR has been described to bind TgPr. Furthermore, more recently, human TLR5 has been described to recognise recombinant TgPr, as well as bacterial flagellin. In addition to infections in humans, T. gondii infects farm animals, but little information is available about its innate recognition. We aimed to investigate whether, similarly to their human orthologue, bovine and porcine TLR5 could also be stimulated by TgPr by using a combination of reporter cell lines expressing full length TLR5 from each species as well as primary cells. Although human and bovine TLR5-transfected cells responded to flagellin, no response was detected upon stimulation
with profilin. Furthermore, TgPr failed to elicit IL-6 secretion in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and CD14þ monocytes. In contrast, exposure of RAW cells, known to express TLR11 to TgPr, slightly increased the IL-6 response. Our data cast doubts on the possibility that profilin is a specific ligand for human TLR5 and bovine TLR5. This leaves the immunogenic properties of this potential target antigen uncharacterised outside of the murine system
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