Long range facial image acquisition and quality

Abstract This chapter introduces issues in long range facial image acquisition and measures for image quality and their usage. Section 1, on image acquisition for face recognition discusses issues in lighting, sensor, lens, blur issues, which impact short-range biometrics, but are more pronounced in long-range biometrics. Section 2 introduces the design of controlled experiments for long range face, and why they are needed. Section 3 introduces some of the weather and atmospheric effects that occur for long-range imaging, with numerous of examples. Section 4 addresses measurements of “system quality”, including image-quality measures and their use in prediction of face recognition algorithm. That section introduces the concept of failure prediction and techniques for analyzing different “quality ” measures. The section ends with a discussion of post-recognition ”failure prediction ” and its potential role as a feedback mechanism in acquisition. Each section includes a collection of open-ended questions to challenge the reader to think about the concepts more deeply. For some of the questions we answer them after they are introduced; others are left as an exercise for the reader. 1 Image Acquisition Before any recognition can even be attempted, they system must acquire an image of the subject with sufficient quality and resolution to detect and recognize the face. The issues examined in this section are the sensor-issues in lighting, image/sensor resolution issues, the field-of view, the depth of field, and effects of motion blur

Kinetic study of CO2 with various amino acid salts in aqueous solution

A study towards the kinetics of CO2 with several aqueous salts of amino acids was performed at a temperature of 298 K. Absorption rate experiments were carried out in the pseudo-first-order regime, enabling the determination of the kinetic rate constant from the flux. In a preliminary screening at a concentration of 0.5 moL-1 the potassium salts of 6-aminohexanoic acid, β-alanine, l-arginine, l-glutamic acid, dl-methionine, l-proline and sarcosine were investigated. Based on the results of this screening the aqueous potassium salts of sarcosine and proline were considered to be the most promising solvents. For these solvents, and the corresponding lithium solvents, the physical distribution coefficient of N2O was determined for various temperatures and concentrations. Subsequently for these same solvents the kinetics were more extensively studied at 298 K in which the concentration of the amino acid salts was varied between 0.5 and 3moL-1

Kinetic study of CO2 with various amino acid salts in aqueous solution

A study towards the kinetics of CO2 with several aqueous salts of amino acids was performed at a temperature of 298 K. Absorption rate experiments were carried out in the pseudo-first-order regime, enabling the determination of the kinetic rate constant from the flux. In a preliminary screening at a concentration of 0.5 mol L- 1 the potassium salts of 6-aminohexanoic acid, β-alanine, l-arginine, l-glutamic acid, dl-methionine, l-proline and sarcosine were investigated. Based on the results of this screening the aqueous potassium salts of sarcosine and proline were considered to be the most promising solvents. For these solvents, and the corresponding lithium solvents, the physical distribution coefficient of N2 O was determined for various temperatures and concentrations. Subsequently for these same solvents the kinetics were more extensively studied at 298 K in which the concentration of the amino acid salts was varied between 0.5 and 3 mol L- 1.