THE WIDESPREAD USE OF DIGITAL INTE

A new Logic Pulser in a probe package injects pulses onto digital circuit nodes without dis connecting 1C outputs. A new Logic Probe detects pulses, high and low levels, and open circuits or bad levels

T''

A new Logic Pulsern a probe package injects pulses onto digital circuit nodes without disconnecting lC outputs, A new Logic Probe detects pulses, high and low levels, and open circuits or bad levels

The ASK Corpus – a Language Learner Corpus of Norwegian as a Second Language

In our paper we present the design and interface of ASK, a language learner corpus of Norwegian as a second language which contains essays collected from language tests on two different proficiency levels as well as personal data from the test takers. In addition, the corpus also contains texts and relevant personal data from native Norwegians as control data. The texts as well as the personal data are marked up in XML according to the TEI Guidelines. In order to be able to classify “errors ” in the texts, we have introduced new attributes to the TEI corr and sic tags. For each error tag, a correct form is also in the text annotation. Finally, we employ an automatic tagger developed for standard Norwegian, the “Oslo-Bergen Tagger”, together with a facility for manual tag correction. As corpus query system, we are using the Corpus Workbench developed at the University of Stuttgart together with a web search interface developed at Aksis, University of Bergen. The system allows for searching for combinations of words, error types, grammatical annotation and personal data. 1

Review Somatostatin receptor subtype expression in human tumors

The presence of functional SSR in tumors has several clinical implications which include the possibility a) to control hormonal hypersecretion and related symptomatology by treatment with SS-analogs, b) to detect SSR positive tumors and their metastases by in vivo SSR scintigraphy, and c) to carry out SSR-targeted radiotherapy using radiolabeled SS-analogs. The majority of SSR positive tumors show a differential expression of somatostatin receptor subtypes, sst2 receptors being the most frequently expressed SSR subtype. The predominant expression of sst2 receptors forms the basis for the successful application of sst2 preferring agonists in the treatment of patients with GH-secreting pituitary adenomas, as well as in patients with carcinoid or islet cell tumors. Sst2 and sst5 receptors appear to be differentially involved in the regulatio

by MNU-induced sister-chromatid exchange analysis

Summary The role of Msh2 in chromosome stability has been investigated in a targeted mouse model for HNPCC, Msh2∆7N. Chromosome aberration frequencies were similar in bone marrow of Msh2 +/+, Msh2 +/ – and Msh2 –/ – mice and no differential effects of in vivo X-irradiation were noted. By contrast, the induction of sister-chromatid exchanges (SCEs) by methyl nitrosourea (MNU) was reduced in Msh2 –/ – and Msh2 +/ – cells to ~20 % and ~45 % wild-type levels respectively indicating a phenotypic effect of haploinsufficiency of the mouse Msh2 gene

Use of thymidine analogues to indicate vascular

perfusion in tumour

DOI 10.1007/s11102-008-0154-y Future treatment strategies of aggressive pituitary tumors

Ó The Author(s) 2008. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com Abstract While surgery remains the first-line treatment of most aggressive pituitary adenomas, medical therapy is important as second-line or adjunctive therapy in a large proportion of patients. Dopamine agonists (DAs) are the best treatment for prolactinomas, but when DAs are not tolerated, new somatostatin receptor subtype 5 (SSTR5) inhibitors may offer an alternative in the future. Unfortunately, these are unlikely to be effective in DA-resistant prolactinomas. In acromegaly, the existing somatostatin analogs, octreotide and lanreotide, will remain the medical treatment of choice for the foreseeable future. There is an urgent need for medical therapies in Cushing’s disease, and the SSTR5 analogs could offer an effective treatment in a proportion of patients within the next few years. Finally, the medical management options for non-functioning pituitary adenomas are also very limited, and a new chimeric agent with activity towards dopamine receptors, SSTR5 and SSTR2 may help reduce adenoma recurrence in the future

BRIEF REPORT IGF-I Bioactivity in an Elderly Population Relation to Insulin Sensitivity, Insulin Levels, and the Metabolic Syndrome

OBJECTIVE—There is a complex relationship between IGF-I, IGF binding proteins, growth hormone, and insulin. The IGF-I kinase receptor activation assay (KIRA) is a novel method for measuring IGF-I bioactivity in human serum. We speculated that determination of IGF-I bioactivity might broaden our understanding of the IGF-I system in subjects with the metabolic syndrome. The purpose of our study was to investigate whether IGF-I bioactivity was related to insulin sensitivity and the metabolic syndrome. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—We conducted a cross-sectional study embedded in a random sample (1,036 elderly subjects) of a prospective population-based cohort study. IGF-I bioactivity was determined by the IGF-I KIRA. Categories of glucose (in)tolerance were defined by the 2003 American Diabetes Association criteria. Insulin sensitivity was assessed b