Tunable cavity resonator with ramp shaped supports

A cavity for a hydrogen maser is described consisting of three parts which provide highly stable mechanical and thermal expansion characteristics for the cavity and ease of tuning. The three parts which are made of a glass ceramic material having a very small thermal expansion coefficient (1) a top plate, (2) a cylinder with three interrupted helical ramps at its bottom, and (3) a base which includes a bottom plate and three ramp lugs on which the helical ramps of the cylinder rest when the cylinder is placed on the base with the bottom plate in the cylinder. Cavity tuning is achieved by rotating the cylinder and thereby raising or lowering it on the base, which results in changing the cylinder volume by changing the distance between the bottom and top plates

The magnetoresistance tensor of La(0.8)Sr(0.2)MnO(3)

We measure the temperature dependence of the anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR) and the planar Hall effect (PHE) in c-axis oriented epitaxial thin films of La(0.8)Sr(0.2)MnO(3), for different current directions relative to the crystal axes, and show that both AMR and PHE depend strongly on current orientation. We determine a magnetoresistance tensor, extracted to 4th order, which reflects the crystal symmetry and provides a comprehensive description of the data. We extend the applicability of the extracted tensor by determining the bi-axial magnetocrystalline anisotropy in our samples

Sterilization of liquids by filtration and certification of probability

Sterilization of liquids by hydrosol filtratio

Display/control requirements for automated VTOL aircraft

A systematic design methodology for pilot displays in advanced commercial VTOL aircraft was developed and refined. The analyst is provided with a step-by-step procedure for conducting conceptual display/control configurations evaluations for simultaneous monitoring and control pilot tasks. The approach consists of three phases: formulation of information requirements, configuration evaluation, and system selection. Both the monitoring and control performance models are based upon the optimal control model of the human operator. Extensions to the conventional optimal control model required in the display design methodology include explicit optimization of control/monitoring attention; simultaneous monitoring and control performance predictions; and indifference threshold effects. The methodology was applied to NASA's experimental CH-47 helicopter in support of the VALT program. The CH-47 application examined the system performance of six flight conditions. Four candidate configurations are suggested for evaluation in pilot-in-the-loop simulations and eventual flight tests

A Nonclassical Dihydrogen Adduct of S = ½ Fe(I)

We have exploited the capacity of the “(SiP^(iPr)_3)Fe(I)” scaffold to accommodate additional axial ligands and characterized the mononuclear S = 1/2 H_2 adduct complex (SiP^(iPr)_3)Fe^I(H_2). EPR and ENDOR data, in the context of X-ray structural results, revealed that this complex provides a highly unusual example of an open-shell metal complex that binds dihydrogen as a ligand. The H2 ligand at 2 K dynamically reorients within the ligand-binding pocket, tunneling among the energy minima created by strong interactions with the three Fe–P bonds

Development of a cobalt-tungsten ferromagnetic, high-temperature, structural alloy

Cobalt-tungsten ferromagnetic, high temperature structural alloy for rotor applications in space power generator

Cost of saving natural gas through efficiency programs funded by utility customers: 2012–2017

This study estimates the cost of saving a therm of natural gas from energy efficiency programs funded by utility customers during the period 2012 to 2017. Berkeley Lab researchers compiled and analyzed efficiency program data reported by investor-owned utilities and other program administrators in a dozen states representative of the four U.S. Census regions — Arkansas, California, Connecticut, Iowa, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New Jersey, New York, Oklahoma, Rhode Island and Utah. Depending on the year, the dataset accounts for about 50 percent to 70 percent of annual national spending on natural gas efficiency programs. The estimated cost of saving natural gas during the study period is $0.40 per therm. The analysis also includes estimates of the program administrator cost of saved energy for three core sectors for natural gas: commercial and industrial, residential, and low-income households. It aggregates these sectors to provide regional and national values. Our metrics include savings-weighted averages, unweighted medians, and interquartile ranges (25th and 75th percentiles) of the levelized program administrator cost of saving gas, in constant 2017 dollars. In addition, the study analyzes cost trends during the study period, finding that average program costs trended downward. The U.S. Department of Energy’s Building Technologies Office supported this work

Applying Non-Energy Impacts from Other Jurisdictions in Cost-Benefit Analyses of Energy Efficiency Programs: Resources for States for Utility Customer-Funded Programs

Avoided energy and capacity costs are the primary yardstick utilities use to determine which energy efficiency programs are cost-effective for their customers. But sometimes "non-energy impacts" — not commonly recognized as directly associated with energy generation, transmission and distribution — represent substantial benefits, such as improving comfort, air quality and public health.Considering whether and how to include non-energy impacts is an important part of cost-benefit analyses for these programs. This report offers practical considerations for deciding which non-energy impacts to include and how to apply values or methods from other jurisdictions.Researchers reviewed studies quantifying non-energy impacts used in 30 states and applied a five-point system to indicate transferability of a value or method from each study for 16 categories of non-energy impacts:Water resource costs and benefitsOther fuels costs and benefitsAvoided environmental compliance costsEnvironmental impactsProductivityHealth and safety Asset valueEnergy and/or capacity price suppression effectsAvoided costs of compliance with Renewable Portfolio Standard requirementsAvoided credit and collection costsAvoided ancillary servicesComfortEconomic development and job impactsPublic health impactsEnergy security impactsIncreased reliabilityThe U.S. Department of Energy’s Building Technologies Office supported this work