Discussion of Some Subjects Related to the Inverse Gaussian Distribution

Statistic

Investigating parameters affecting maintenance of heritage buildings in Egypt

PurposeMaintenance of heritage buildings in Egypt is essential for extending their life and preserving them in a good condition for current use and future generations. The purpose of this paper aims to study the significant parameters to be taken into consideration in the decision-making process for maintenance of heritage buildings.Design/methodology/approachThis research identifies and analyzes the parameters affecting maintenance decision-making process using relative importance index method. Sixty-three parameters were collected from the literature and were categorized into six groups. The feedback of 15 experts who represent owners' representatives and consultants in the field of maintenance and preservation of heritage buildings was obtained through a questionnaire survey and analyses were conducted on the results.FindingsAccording to the highest values of the relative importance index method, the top 10 influencing parameters are determined. A comparison between feedback of the two groups of experts is conducted. Statistical analysis is carried out to test the parameters, revealing a strong correlation between structural and geotechnical groups of parameters.Originality/valueParameters affecting decision-making for maintenance of heritage buildings were identified, influencing parameters can be used to compare between heritage buildings in greater need of maintenance than others.</jats:sec

Effect of Changing Operating Policies on Energy Use Consumption

AbstractEnergy efficiency continues to be an important focus in manufacturing in light of energy cost, environmental concerns and legislations. Reducing energy use is essential for maintaining manufacturing sustainability and competitiveness. This paper proposes a methodology for energy use analysis that employs analytical, simulation and statistical tools for the purpose of investigating the effect of changing operating strategies such as production scheduling and batch sizes on manufacturing line total energy use. The proposed methodology identifies potential energy savings and guides improvement efforts. A real case study of an automotive OEM supplier, which experiences system changes as new products are introduced is presented. The main pieces of equipment consuming energy in the entire production line were identified and the total energy consumption per product was estimated. The manufacturing line was modelled using discrete event simulation, and the effect on the line total energy consumption of different operating strategies including different batch sizes and production schedules were determined. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was employed to analyze the effects of each operating strategy on the energy usage. The results reveal a relationship between changes in the operating strategies and energy use. This study demonstrated that optimizing the production line operating strategies can potentially lead to significant energy savings without the need for major modifications of equipment or machine setups. Practical examples which can guide industrial energy management practitioners in planning, assessing and improving manufacturing systems efficiently are provided. This study emphasizes the importance of including energy use data in manufacturing systems operating policy decisions

Chromatographic Determination of Cyclopentolate Hydrochloride and Phenylephrine Hydrochloride in the Presence of Their Potential Degradation Products

Abstract Two sensitive, selective, and precise stability-indicating methods have been developed for the simultaneousdetermination of the active pharmaceutical ingredients cyclopentolate hydrochloride (CLO) and phenylephrine hydrochloride (PHE) in their pure forms and in the presence of their degradation products. The methods were applied for the determination of CLO and PHE in a pharmaceutical formulation. Method A was based on isocratic elution HPLC determination. Separation was achieved using a Waters Spherisorb ODS2 C18 analytical column (5 μm particle size) and a mobile phase of 0.1% heptane-1-sulphonic acid sodium salt in methanol–water (80 + 20, v/v). The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min and detection was performed at 210 nm. Method B was an HPTLC- densitometric method using HPTLC silica gel 60 F254 plates and an optimized mobile phase of ethyl acetate–methanol–ammonia (8 + 2 + 0.1, v/v/v). The separated spots were densitometrically scanned at 210 nm. Polynomial equations were used for regression. The developed methods are suitable for the determination of CLO and PHE in their binary mixture and in the presence of their corresponding degradation products. The two methods were validated in compliance with International Conference on Harmonization guidelines and successfully applied for the determination of CLO and PHE as synthetically prepared in laboratory mixtures and in the presence of their possible degradation products. CLO alkaline degradation products were stated as potential impurities in BritishPharmacopoeia. The degradation products were separated and identified by mass spectra. Postulation of a PHE oxidative degradation pathway was suggested. The obtained resultswere statistically analyzed and compared with those obtained by applying the official methods for both drugs.</jats:p

Chromatographic estimation of a novel triple-therapy combination targeting <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> eradication in different matrices

Aim: Helicobacter pylori infection is a prevalent global bacterial infection that can potentially exaggerate symptoms of other serious infections like SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19). Methodology: Herein, an efficient, accurate and cost-effective high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector method was developed and validated for determination of the novel triple therapy combination of tinidazole (TD), clarithromycin (CLR) and lansoprazole (LAN) in different analytical matrices (pharmaceutical formulation, dissolution media and spiked human plasma). Results: Successful chromatographic separation was achieved using Agilent Microsorb-MV 100–5 CN column (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) and a mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile and 10.0 mM phosphate buffer, pH 7.5 ± 0.1 at flow rate of 1 ml/min via gradient elution. UV-detection was accomplished at 210.0 nm for CLR and 290.0 nm for TD and LAN. Conclusion: The developed method clearly provides a reliable, beneficial and cost-effective tool for quality control, dissolution testing and biological applications of the mentioned drugs. </jats:p