0410 : Validation of the GRACE risk score for predicting death within 6 months of follow-up in a contemporary cohort of patients with acute coronary syndrome: Algerian cohort

Introduction and ObjectivesThe Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) risk score provides an estimate of the probability of death within 6 months of hospital discharge in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Our aim was to assess the validity of this risk score in a contemporary cohort of patients admitted to an Algerian hospital.MethodsThe study involved 383 consecutive patients with ACS evaluated between January 2010 and January 2014. Their vital status was determined 6 months after hospital discharge and the validity of the GRACE risk score was evaluated by assessing its calibration and its discriminatory capacity.ResultsIn total, 142 (37%) patients were admitted for ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and 241 (67%) for non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI). Percutaneous revascularization was performed in 249 (65%). The median GRACE risk score was 121 [interquartile range, 96-144]. Mortality 6 months after discharge was 4.9%. The calibration of the GRACE risk score was acceptable and its discriminatory capacity was excellent.ConclusionsThe GRACE risk score for predicting death within 6 months of hospital discharge was validated and can be used in patients with ACS. It would be wise to include the GRACE risk score in the medical records of these patients

A New Dynamic of Saharan Agricultural Transformation: Thermal Area of Zelfana (Southern Algeria)

The Agricultural Land Development Program has led to an increase in agricultural areas in Zelfana (Algeria) as in other Saharan regions. The creation of development areas in this zone has generated a certain progress through a set of measures that have had different impacts on the components of this Saharan agro-ecosystem. The objective of this research is to study the realities of the new dynamics of Saharan agriculture through the diversity of agrarian systems established in the oasis of Zelfana and its extensions. The results of the management study of this particular agro-ecosystem have shown inadequacies at different levels that could compromise its sustainability and even its dynamics. The measures to be taken are discussed not only to preserve the ecosystem but also to give meaning to the strong investments made by the public authorities

A New Dynamic of Saharan Agricultural Transformation: Thermal Area of Zelfana (Southern Algeria)

The Agricultural Land Development Program has led to an increase in agricultural areas in Zelfana (Algeria) as in other Saharan regions. The creation of development areas in this zone has generated a certain progress through a set of measures that have had different impacts on the components of this Saharan agro-ecosystem. The objective of this research is to study the realities of the new dynamics of Saharan agriculture through the diversity of agrarian systems established in the oasis of Zelfana and its extensions. The results of the management study of this particular agro-ecosystem have shown inadequacies at different levels that could compromise its sustainability and even its dynamics. The measures to be taken are discussed not only to preserve the ecosystem but also to give meaning to the strong investments made by the public authorities

Role of some rhizospheric Pseudomonas on the growth and physiology of broad bean (Vicia faba) under salt stress conditions

Salt stress affects the development and growth of plants in various ways as a result of its effect on water relationships, photosynthesis, and nutrient absorption by physiological and biochemical processes. Consequently, several researchers have increasingly studied the effect of plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPR) as promoters and enhancers under saline environment. The main goals of this study were to examine the manifested response of the broad bean plant under saline conditions and to evaluate the role of some Pseudomonas isolates in improving plant tolerance to salt stress. Three Pseudomonas strains were isolated (P1 and P7 from a saline soil and P15 from a vineyard soil). These isolates were screened by salinity and used as inoculums in Vicia faba plants (OTONO variety) irrigated with two saline solutions (NaCl; 100 and 150 mM L−1) and one without salinity. The results show that salinity decreased the fresh weight, total chlorophyll content, and the Na+/K+ ratio, but it increased proline accumulation in inoculated and noninoculated plants. The inoculation of V. faba plants with P1, P7, and P15 strains significantly increased the production of fresh biomass in the presence and absence of salt stress, and positively affected the accumulation of proline and the Na+/K+ ratio. The inoculation with bacterial strains increased the total chlorophyll content in plants at all salt treatment levels, especially the P1 strain that showed a significant effect

0264: Short- and long-term prognosis of previous and new-onset atrial fibrillation in ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction in Algeria

Introduction and objectivesThe impact of atrial fibrillation on the prognosis of myocardial infarction is still the subject of debate. We analyzed the influence of previous and new-onset atrial fibrillation on in-hospital and long-term prognosis in patients with acute myocardial infarction.MethodsProspective study of 1265 patients with ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction (military hospitals of Algiers and Constantine). We studied all-cause in-hospital and long-term mortality (median 4.2 years) using adjusted models.ResultsIn total, 4.5% of patients had previous atrial fibrillation and 10.6% had new-onset atrial fibrillation. In general, both groups of patients had a high baseline risk profile and an increased likelihood of in-hospital complications. The crude in-hospital mortality rate was higher in patients with previous atrial fibrillation than in those with new-onset atrial fibrillation (22% vs 12%; P<.001; 30% vs 10%; P<.001). The long-term mortality rate was 11.11/100 patient-years in patients with previous atrial fibrillation and 5.35/100 patient years in those with new-onset atrial fibrillation (both groups, P<.001). New-onset fibrillation alone (odds ratio=1.55; 95% confidence interval, 1.08-2.22) was an independent predictor of in-hospital mortality. Previous atrial fibrillation (hazard ratio=1.24; 95% confidence interval, 0.94-1.64) and new-onset atrial fibrillation (hazard ratio=0.98; 95% confidence interval, 0.80-1.21) were not independent predictors of long-term mortality.ConclusionNew-onset atrial fibrillation during hospitalization is an independent risk factor for in-hospital mortality in acute myocardial infarction

0132: Ischemic mitral regurgitation and non-ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction: long-term prognosis in Algerian cohorte

Introduction and objectivesIschemic mitral regurgitation (MR) is a common complication of acute myocardial infarction and has a negative impact on prognosis. However, few studies have been carried out on MR after non-ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction (NSTEMI). Our objective was to investigate the incidence, clinical predictors, and long-term prognostic implications of MR in patients with NSTEMI.MethodsThe prospective study included 165 consecutive patients who were discharged in functional class I or II after a first NSTEMI. Each underwent echocardiography during the first week of admission, and patients were followed up clinically for a median of 2.3 years. The incidence of readmission for heart failure, unstable angina, reinfarction, death, or all combined (ie, the combined event or major adverse cardiac event [MACE]) was recorded.ResultsThe patients’ mean age was 68 years and 69% were male. The incidence of MR was 40% (grade I in 45 patients, grade II in 11, grade III in 7, and grade IV in 3). Age, diabetes mellitus, multivessel disease and MR (HR=2.17; 95% confidence interval, 1.30–3.64; P=.003) were all independently associated with a poor long-term prognosis, in terms of MACEs. Even the milder grades of MR were associated with more events.ConclusionsIn our milieu, MR frequently occurs after NSTEMI. Its presence together with other unfavorable factors implies a poor long-term prognosis. This is also true for milder grades of MR. Consequently, MR should be fully assessed and followed-up after NSTEMI in all patients

A Study of Ethno-Veterinary Medicinal Plants and In Vitro Antimicrobial Activities Against Bovine Mastitis Isolated Bacterial Pathogens in Algeria

Bovine mastitis is the most serious dairy problem in terms of economic losses to the dairy industry. In Algeria, dominates as one of the most prevalent diseases in dairy cattle among the dairy farms. Mastitis treatment with antibiotics leads to the development of antibiotic resistant strains and consumer health problem. Multidrug-resistant bacteria have become a major health issue. With new generations of virulence and resistant bacteria, we need to improve our understanding and produce novel techniques to control these pathogenic strains. In our study, the activity of several extracts from seven medicinal plants, namely Mentha pulegium, Lavandula dentate, Origanium sp, Marrubium vulgare, Salvia bicolor, Blackstonia perfoliata, and Phlomis crinita, traditionally used in Algeria was investigated against 26 methicillin resistant staphylococci and multi-resistant Escherichia coli. (E.coli) isolated from animals with mastitis manifestation by the disc diffusion method.Results revealed the potential of extracts of Salvia bicolor, Marrubium vulgare and Phlomis crinita as antibacterial agents against strains isolated from bovine mastitis and support the possible use of these phytotherapic agents in the clinical management of the disease. Further studies into their toxicity and phytochemistry are advocated

0250: Prognostic value of body mass index and waist circumference in patients with chronic heart failure: Algerian experience

Introduction and objectivesTo analyze the association between higher body mass index and waist circumference, and the prognostic values of both indicators in total and cardiac mortality in patients with chronic heart failure.MethodsThe study included 1954 patients who were followed up for 4 years in military hospitals of Algeria. Obesity was classified as a body mass index>30 and overweight as a body mass index of 25.0-29.9. Central obesity was defined as waist circumference>88cm for women and>102cm for men. Independent predictors of total and cardiac mortality were assessed in a multivariate Cox model adjusted for confounding variables.ResultsObesity was present in 38% of patients, overweight in 46%, and central obesity in 63%. Body mass index and waist circumference were independent predictors of lower total mortality: hazard ratio=0.84 (P<.001) and hazard ratio=0.97 (P=.01), respectively, and lower cardiac death (body mass index, hazard ratio=0.84, P<.001; waist circumference, hazard ratio=0.97, P=.01). The interaction between body mass index and waist circumference (hazard ratio=1.001, P<.01) showed that the protective effect of body mass index was lost in patients with a waist circumference>120cm.ConclusionsMortality was significantly lower in patients with a high body mass index and waist circumference. The results also showed that this protection was lost when these indicators over a certain limit

Characterization of dairy farms in 3 communes of Constantine, eastern Algeria

Our work is a survey of 35 dairy cattle farms located in three towns in the province of Constantine. The one-pass survey lasted 6 months, from October 2010 to April 2011. The purpose was to characterize the diversity of these farms, and to understand the problems related to their location, infrastructures, equipment, and the process of the dairy workshop, food, staff, cleanness and particularly drug practices likely to cause economic loss. Our survey points out that the majority of farms are built inside agglomerations without the respect of farm management standards and it is also characterized by the cohabitation of cattle with other categories of animals. Furthermore, the abusive use of antibiotics by farmers, an unregulated practice even anarchic without prior reading of the leaflet, and so the non-respect of the dosage and treatment duration. Out of the 35 surveyed farms 77.1% use traditional livestock building maintenance equipment that does not guarantee proper cleaning of animal premises. Amongst the studied farms only 17.1 % are exclusively dairy farms.The dairy herd is composed of 60% dairy cows. Key words: Dairy cattle, Farms, Typology, Constantine, AlgeriaNotre travail consiste en une enquête sur 35 élevages de bovins laitiers de trois communes de la wilaya de Constantine. L’enquête en un seul passage a duré 6 mois, d’octobre 2010 à avril 2011. Il s’agissait de caractériser la diversité de ces élevages, et de comprendre les problèmes liés à leur emplacement, aux infrastructures, à l’équipement, au fonctionnement de l’atelier laitier, à l’alimentation, au personnel, à l’hygiène et surtout aux pratiques médicamenteuses susceptibles d’être à l’origine de pertes économiques. Il ressort de nos enquêtes que la majorité des fermes sont construites au sein des agglomérations sans respect des bonnes pratiques de gestion des élevages et caractérisées par la cohabitation des bovins avec d’autres catégories d’animaux. L’utilisation abusive des antibiotiques par les éleveurs, et cela de manière non réglementée, de façon anarchique sans lecture préalable de la notice, et sans respect de la dose et de la durée du traitement. Parmi les 35 exploitations étudiées : 77,1% utilisent un matériel d’entretien des bâtiments d’élevages traditionnel qui n’assure pas un bon nettoyage des locaux des animaux. Parmi les élevages étudiés, seulement 17,1% sont exclusivement laitiers. Le troupeau est composé à 60 % de vaches laitières. Mots clés: bovins laitiers, élevage, typologie, Constantine, Algéri

Mastitis u deva u južnom Alžiru

In Algeria, camel breeding participates in the national milk production. However, this breeding faces significant health problems, including mammary pathologies. This disease is a major public health threat, due to the existence of human pathogens in milk. Several species are associated with this mastitis. Unlike cow’s milk, goat and camel milk are most often consumed in the fresh raw state, thus escaping any official control. The present study aimed to determine the nature and frequency of mastitis, and the nature and frequency of the responsible bacteria in each type of mastitis in southern Algeria. A total of 62 camels were subjected to clinical examination and screening for subclinical mastitis and the presence of Brucella using the California Mastitis Test (CMT) and ring test, respectively. CMT positive samples were then further subjected to bacteriological analysis. Clinical and subclinical mastitis were present with frequencies of 4.44% and 95.55%, respectively. Bacteriological analysis isolated a total of 73 samples of 45 seeds. Staphylococci were most commonly isolated, with a frequency of 63.01%. Among these, Staphylococcus aureus were at the top of the list, with 35.61%, while Staphylococcus SCN (coagulase negative staphylococci) represented only 27.39%. Streptococci were the second most isolated group, with 28.77%. Gram-positive bacilli were in third place, accounting for 6.85% of all isolates. Gram- negative bacilli (enterobacteria) were isolated with a frequency of 1.36%. Brucella was present with a frequency of 4.44%. Finally, an extended study on a larger sample of camels is required in the future.U Alžiru, uzgoj deva sudjeluje u nacionalnoj proizvodnji mlijeka. Međutim, taj uzgoj suočava se sa zdravstvenim problemima, uključujući patologiju mliječnih žlijezda koja zauzima znatno mjesto. Ova bolest predstavlja glavnu prijetnju javnom zdravlju uslijed prisutnosti patogena opasnih za ljude u mlijeku. Naime, nekoliko bakterija povezano je s mastitisom. Za razliku od kravljeg mlijeka, kozje mlijeko i mlijeko deva često konzumiraju sami uzgajivači svježe i sirovo, čime se izbjegava službena kontrola. Ova studija imala je za cilj ustvrditi svojstva i učestalost mastitisa, kao i svojstva i učestalost opasnih bakterija u svakoj vrsti mastitisa u južnoj regiji Alžira. Ukupno 62 deve podvrgnute su kliničkom pregledu vimaa i prisutnosti brucele uporabom kalifornijskog testa za mastitis (CMT), odnosno ring testa. Pozitivni uzorci CMT testa podvrgnuti su bakteriološkoj analizi. Klinički i supklinički mastitis bili su prisutni s učestalošću od 4,44 %, odnosno 95,55 %. Bakteriološka analiza omogućila je izolaciju ukupno 73 uzorka 45 sojeva. Stafilokoki su najčešće izolirani s učestalošću od 63,01 %. Među njima, Staphylococcus aureus bio je najprisutniji s 35,61 %. Staphylococcus CNS (koagulaza negativni stafilokoki) predstavljali su 27,39 %. Streptokoki su bili druga najčešće izolirana skupina s 28,77 %. Gram-pozitivni bacili bili su na trećem mjestu sa 6,85 % izolata. Gram- negativni bacili (enterobakterije) izolirane su s učestalošću od 1,36 %. Brucela je bila prisutna s učestalošću od 4,44 %. Zaključno, u budućnosti će biti osmišljena proširena studija na većem broju deva