VEGETABLE SEED DISTRIBUTION ON THE POLISH MARKET -PART 1

ABSTRACT The authors of this paper describe functions associated with vegetable seed distribution on the Polish market. They describe the role of distribution in the vegetable seed trade and the characteristics of different distribution channels. The results presented were based on information provided by seed companies and other participants of the vegetable seeds distribution system. The research was completed for the years 2001-2004

Digital libraries for the preservation of research methods and associated artifacts

New digital artifacts are emerging in data-intensive science. For example, scientific workflows are executable descriptions of scientific procedures that define the sequence of computational steps in an automated data analysis, supporting reproducible research and the sharing and replication of best-practice and know-how through reuse. Workflows are specified at design time and interpreted through their execution in a variety of situations, environments, and domains. Hence it is essential to preserve both their static and dynamic aspects, along with the research context in which they are used. To achieve this, we propose the use of multidimensional digital objects (Research Objects) that aggregate the resources used and/or produced in scientific investigations, including workflow models, provenance of their executions, and links to the relevant associated resources, along with the provision of technological support for their preservation and efficient retrieval and reuse. In this direction, we specified a software architecture for the design and implementation of a Research Object preservation system, and realized this architecture with a set of services and clients, drawing together practices in digital libraries, preservation systems, workflow management, social networking and Semantic Web technologies. In this paper, we describe the backbone system of this realization, a digital library system built on top of dLibra

Anomaly Detection Framework Based on Matching Pursuit for Network Security Enhancement

In this paper, a framework for recognizing network traffic in order to detect anomalies is proposed. We propose to combine and correlate parameters from different layers in order to detect 0-day attacks and reduce false positives. Moreover, we propose to combine statistical and signal-based features. The major contribution of this paper are: novel framework for network security based on the correlation approach as well as new signal based algorithm for intrusion detection using matching pursuit

Wpływ traktowania nasion sałaty (Lactuca sativa L.) roztworami olejków eterycznych z drzewa kamforowego (Cinnamomum camphora L.) i paczuli (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) na ich kiełkowanie

One of the most important problems in horticultural seed science and technology nowadays is looking for new methods to improve seed quality. Especially interesting are the ones, in which compounds of natural origin are used. One of such groups is ethereal oils from plants. The commercial seed samples of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. ‘Dumka’) were soaked in 9 different treatments of 5% alcoholic solution of camphor tree (Cinnamomum camphora L.) ethereal oil and 9 different treatments of 5% alcoholic solution of patchouli plant (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) ethereal oil. Then the seeds were routinely tested for seed germination, the length of the received seedlings was also measured and the seeds health status was evaluated. The tested ethereal oils had no effect on the germination of lettuce seeds. However, soaking the seeds in the ethereal oils solutions did decrease the percentage of dead seeds in the tested samples. Soaking of the seeds in the ethereal oils solutions also increased the percentage of healthy ungerminated seeds. Treating the seeds with the concentrations of the ethereal oils solutions, although had no effect on their germination, still shortened the length of seedlings. Moreover, the used ethereal oils lowered the amount of identified Alternaria alternata and Cladosporium sphaerospermum fungi on the seeds.Jednym z najważniejszych problemów nasiennictwa ogrodniczego dziś jest poszukiwanie nowych metod poprawy jakości nasion. Szczególnie interesujące są te z nich, w których wykorzystuje się substancje naturalne. Jedną z takich grup są olejki eteryczne z roślin. Nasiona handlowe sałaty (Lactuca sativa L.) odmiany Dumka potraktowano na 9 różnych sposobów 5% alkoholowym roztworem olejku eterycznego z drzewa kamforowego (Cinnamomum camphora L.) i na 9 różnych sposobów 5% alkoholowym roztworem olejku eterycznego z paczuli (Pogostemon cablin Benth.). Następnie nasiona poddano rutynowej ocenie kiełkowania, zmierzono długość otrzymanych siewek i oceniono zdrowotność nasion. Badane olejki eteryczne nie wpłynęły na kiełkowanie nasion sałaty, natomiast zmniejszyły odsetek martwych nasion w badanych próbach. Moczenie nasion w badanych roztworach olejków zwiększyło także odsetek nasion zdrowych niekiełkujących. Traktowanie nasion roztworami olejków eterycznych o wyższych stężeniach, choć nie wpłynęło na ich kiełkowanie, to jednak skróciło długość otrzymanych z nich siewek. Ponadto stosowane olejki eteryczne obniżyły ilość oznaczonych na nasionach grzybów: Alternaria alternata i Cladosporium sphaerospermum

Increasing Protection and Resilience of Critical Infrastructures – Current challenges and approaches

In this paper we present current key challenges with respect to Critical Infrastructure Protection and to their resiliency. As our world becomes more and more interconnected via open networks with the cyberspace, many new challenges arise. Therefore, we frame the problem within three distinctive domains: real world natural events, human (organisational and legal), and cyber one. Within our analysis we present how current technologies, tools and methodologies can be used to address certain problems within those domains. Moreover, we stress the fact that there is a limited number of initiatives that aim at proposing the holistic (all hazard) approach addressing all the domains at once

The possibility of cultivation in Poland and selected indicators nutrient value of Chinese flowering cabbage (Brassica campestris (L.) ssp. Chinensis var. utilis Tsen et Lee)

W latach 2013-2014 zbadano możliwość uprawy w Polsce oraz wartość odżywczą kapusty chińskiej kwitnącej (Brassica campestris (L.) ssp. Chinensis var. utilis Tsen et Lee). Badania objęły dwie odmiany pochodzenia chińskiego: o pędach zielonych i fioletowych. Rośliny uprawiano z siewu na zbiór wiosenny i jesienny. W okresie wegetacji oceniono jakość nasion użytych do siewu oraz wybrane cechy morfologiczne otrzymanych siewek i nasion: wysokość roślin, średnicę pędu kwiatostanowego, liczbę liści na roślinie, liczbę łuszczyn, liczbę nasion w łuszczynach, masę 1000 nasion i zdolność kiełkowania. W uzyskanych siewkach określono także zawartość białka ogólnego, substancji redukujących i suchej substancji oraz oceniono ich smak. Stwierdzono, że badana kapusta nadaje się do uprawy polowej w polskich warunkach klimatycznych. Rośliny gotowe do zbioru uzyskano odpowiednio po 35-39 dniach (odmiana zielona) oraz 42-45 dniach (odmiana fioletowa). Możliwa okazała się także produkcja w Polsce jej nasion na zbiór wiosenny, a ich zdolność kiełkowania przekroczyła 90%. Przy produkcji na zbiór wiosenny siewki odmiany zielonej zawierały więcej białka ogólnego i mniej cukrów redukujących niż te u odmiany fioletowej. Przy siewie na zbiór jesienny siewki odmiany fioletowej zawierały więcej białka ogólnego i mniej substancji redukujących niż odmiany zielonej. Zawartość suchej substancji była wyższa w siewkach odmiany fioletowej niż zielonej bez względu na termin siewu.In the years 2013-2014, studies were carried out on the possibility of production and nutrient value of flowering Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris (L.) ssp. Chinensis var. utilis Tsen et Lee) in Poland. They included two Chinese cultivars: with green or violet stems. They were grown from direct seed sowing for spring and autumn harvest. During the vegetation, quality of seeds used for sowing and selected morphological characteristics of the produced seedlings and seeds were evaluated. They included plant height, diameter of the flower stalk measured at the base, number of leaves per plant, number of pods, number of seeds in the pods, 1000 seeds weight and germination capacity. The harvested seedlings were also analyzed for their total proteins, reducing sugars, the dry weight contents as well as their taste. It was found that the tested cabbage was suitable for field production in the Polish climatic conditions. The plants ready for harvest were received after 35-39 days (the green cultivar) and 42-45 days (the violet one). It was also possible to produce in Poland its seeds when sowing them in the spring. The collected seeds germinated in over 90%. The taste evaluation confirmed use of this vegetable for fresh eating. Its shoots were tender and sweet but not too brittle. When sowing for spring harvest, the plants of the green cultivar had more total proteins and less reducing sugars than the violet ones. When producing for autumn harvest, the seedlings of the violet cultivar had more total proteins and less reducing sugars than the green ones. The dry matter content was higher in the seedlings of the violet cultivar regardless of the date of sowing. The taste evaluation showed no difference between them

WiMAX Cell Level Simulation Platform Based on ns-2 and DSP Integration

The WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) system based on the IEEE 802.16 family of standards is a promising technology for last-mile access. Both IEEE 802.16 and 3GPP-LTE systems candidate for becoming the 4G network of choice. The need to evaluate multiple performance enhancing techniques like MIMO, OFDM(A), novel channel coding schemes like non-binary LDPC codes, together with development of standards like IEEE 802.21, that aims at enabling handover and interoperability between heterogeneous network types, make rapid prototyping-based simulations an important issue. This paper presents a novel approach to 4G-oriented simulation environment that integrates popular network simulator (ns-2) and a Digital Signal Processing (DSP) to enable comprehensive link layer and cell level simulations. Proposed simulation environment is intended as an evaluation platform for assessing QoS/QoE and Connection Admission Control (CAC) algorithms designed for WiMAX systems. Moreover we study ways to improve simulation time (with focus on AWGN channel simulation) by using CUDA parallel processing technology for NVIDIA graphic cards

Seed Priming Applied to Onion-Like Crops: State of the Art and Open Questions

Cultivation of onion and onion-like crops has become a challenge in the context of climate change and innovative solutions are needed to support breeders as well as farmers, starting from the crucial issues of seed quality. Seed priming is routinely used to enhance germination performance and seedling resilience. Although common for radish, tomato, carrot or head cabbage seeds, the technique has been less popular for onion-like crops. This review provides a state-of-the-art picture of the scientific and technological advances that have so far contributed to enhance seed germination and vigour in onion-like crops. A brief description of the different types of priming approaches is provided whereas attention is focused on the following: (i) the impact of seed priming in terms of improved germination, seedling development and resilience to environmental stresses; (ii) the concept of seed quality hallmarks translated from model plants to the genus Allium; (iii) the drawbacks that currently impair the fully exploitation of seed priming in this specific sector of the agrifood chain

Effect of Low Frequency Magnetic Field on Germination of Onion (Allium cepa L.) Seeds

Commercial seed lots of onion (Allium cepa L.) of the cultivars "Octavia" and "Eureka" were soaked for 12 h in water of the temperature 20°C, then they were exposed to low frequency magnetic field (20 mT) for 10, 30, and 60 min. The field was generated using a standard device for magnetic stimulation VIOFOR JPS applied in human medical treatment. Next, the seeds were evaluated for energy and capacity of germination, length of the received germs as well as fresh masses of the obtained seedlings using the routine methods recommended by the International Seed Testing Association. For the seeds of the cultivar "Octavia", the field did not affect the energy of germination, however it did improve in all tested treatments their germination capacity. In the best of them (60 min), the germination capacity increased by 4.6%. For the seeds of the cultivar "Eureka", the tested field increased their energy of germination, which improves evenness of plants emergences in the field and has a significant importance for horticultural practice. When the seeds were exposed to the field for 60 min, their germination energy increased from 40% (control) to 63%. This result was accompanied by no differences in both length of germs and fresh masses of the received from them seedlings