Traffic related air pollution and its impact on respiratory health among children

Exposure to traffic related air pollution (TRAP) is a public health concern particularly in children, who are one of the most susceptible groups of the population. Children are more vulnerable to such exposure by virtue of their increased susceptibility and the higher doses received. The materials for this review was obtained from several online databases ; PubMed, Proquest, Scopus, Springerlink and Science Direct (year 1990 to 2018). In this review, we emphasized several relevant studies on respiratory health effects among children living in the proximity to heavy traffic area and focus on the factors, which contributed to the severity of the health outcomes. Short term TRAP exposure reduces lung function, increases respiratory symptoms and incidence of asthma and allergic diseases especially for those who living within 75 m from the heavy traffic area. Preventive measures must be taken in order to protect children from exposure to traffic air pollutants

Analisis Struktur Dan Komponen Laporan Keuangan Kjks Ugt Sidogiri Wirolegi

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menguji apakan KJKS UGT Sidogiri Wirolegi sesuai dengan PSAK Syariah dan SAK ETAP atau tidak. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif qualitative. Obyek analisis dalam studi ini adalah laporan keuangan KJKS UGT Sidogiri Wirolegi. Data yang dipergunakan adalah data primer yang didapat dari wawancara dan data sekunder dari laporan keuangan. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif dan tringulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa laporan keuangan KJKS UGT Sidogiri Wirolegi tidak sesuai dengan PSAK Syariah karena tidak tepat dalam penyusunan. Kajian ini bisa menjadi bahan refensi bagi dunia pendidikan dan praktisi KJKS.Kata kunci: Laporan, SAK , PSAKSTRUCTURE AND COMPONENT ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL REPORT OF KJKS UGT SIDOGIRI WIROLEGI. The purpose of this research is to know the financial report KJKS UGT Sidogiri Wirolegi whether appropriate with PSAK Syariah and SAK ETAP who was valid. This research is applied descriptive and qualitative approach. The object analysis in this research is a financial report. The kind of data that are used in this research is primary data which is obtained directly from interview result and the secondary data that is obtained comes from financial report document. Data analysis method that used in this research are qualitative and triangulation. The result of this research shows that entirely the financial report KJKS UGT Sidogiri Wirolegi was not appropriate to Syariah PSAK. This research can be the reference to the next research either to the importance of education or KJKS practitioner to compile the financial report

The Effect of Perceived Risk, Perception of Covid-19, Subjective Norm, Financial Condition And Attitude on Tourists’ Behavioural Intention During Pandemic: Case of Malaysian Tourists

 Purpose: This study analyses the effect of perceived risk, perception of COVID-19, subjective norm, financial condition, and attitude on tourists’ behavioural intention during a pandemic by using the theory of planned behaviour as a model. In this study, independent variables are perceived risk, perception of COVID-19, financial condition, and attitude, while the behavioural intention is the dependent variable in the context of Malaysian tourists.   Design/methodology/approach: This study used the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) model as the explanatory power of tourists’ behavioural intention. A total of 450 questionnaires were distributed among Malaysian tourists travelling overseas. The data was distributed using the google form. To analyse the hypotheses, the researcher used the multiple regression linear to describe the effect of independent variables on the dependent variable.   Findings: The result of this study showed that attitude has the strongest level of significant effect on tourists’ behavioural intention. However, the perceived risk, perception of COVID-19, subjective norm, and financial condition don’t have a significant effect on tourists’ behavioural intention.   Practical implications: The findings of this study can be used by travel agents and government agents to attract more tourists. Moreover, for academics, it can support new knowledge as well as supporting theories.   Original/value: A significant contribution to the body of knowledge is achieved through testing and subsequent confirmation of the effects of tourists’ behavioural intention in the study model. The establishment of the aforementioned constructs adds value to TBP in explaining behavioural intention toward travelling overseas during the COVID-19 pandemic

The effects of incorporating dynamic data on estimates of uncertainty

Petroleum exploration and development are capital intensive and smart economic decisions that need to be made to profitably extract oil and gas from the reservoirs. Accurate quantification of uncertainty in production forecasts will help in assessing risk and making good economic decisions. This study investigates the effect of combining dynamic data with the uncertainty in static data to see the effect on estimates of uncertainty in production forecasting. Fifty permeability realizations were generated for a reservoir in west Texas from available petrophysical data. We quantified the uncertainty in the production forecasts using a likelihood weighting method and an automatic history matching technique combined with linear uncertainty analysis. The results were compared with the uncertainty predicted using only static data. We also investigated approaches for best selecting a smaller number of models from a larger set of realizations to be history matched for quantification of uncertainty. We found that incorporating dynamic data in a reservoir model will result in lower estimates of uncertainty than considering only static data. However, incorporation of dynamic data does not guarantee that the forecasted ranges will encompass the true value. Reliability of the forecasted ranges depends on the method employed. When sampling multiple realizations of static data for history matching to quantify uncertainty, a sampling over the entire range of realization likelihoods shows larger confidence intervals and is more likely to encompass the true value for predicted fluid recoveries, as compared to selecting the best models

New Solution For ICT/ELV Infrastructure Project Reporting Using Datalink Technique System

The main purpose of the research work is to solve the persistent infrastructure project issue such as variation order (VO) issue, and project delay issue. It has been occurring in the project for over quite a long period of time. In infrastructure project, failed to make a reliable project report will lead to an issue on VO and project delay happen. It has become a normal phenomenon in which issue has led to many negative effects such as cases of lawsuits, poor productivity, revenue loss, and contract termination among all parties involved. Therefore, to overcome this problem, the latest solution system known as Datalink Technique System (DTS) has been developed. It has been tested and applied in one of the government projects in Malaysia. It has turned out with positive results as compared to the existing one. It has been able to deliver reliable information, and yet it is still consistent with the current approach to manage the project. There are two main objectives have been achieved in this thesis. The first is to eliminate the loss and save the project cost by reducing the VO issue and project delay issue in the Information Communication Technology (ICT) work and Extra Low Voltage (ELV) work, but it is not limited to that, in future it can be applied to other infrastructure works like mechanical and electrical (M&E), civil works, and etc.. The second objective is to make the project report more transparent in the monthly project reporting that presented to project management. This to prevent the report from being manipulated by contractors as happened to other projects before. A methodology for system approach is proposed and demonstrated for solution purposes. The process began with a comprehensive issue on VO and followed by project delay factor phenomena. The problem and the main factors that caused the issue is identified and data acquisition based on actual problems that happened in the project. The performance and limitations of conventional methods are studied thoroughly to discover solutions with new more effective methods. The system approach is served by implementing the DTS system in one of the selected infrastructure projects. A pilot project has been implemented at Kota Kinabalu Sabah new court complex project is to evaluate the credibility and actual capabilities of the DTS system. It has contributed a good result for the project, and many benefits have been derived from the implementation. From the result, the bad performance that the team can tolerate could be derived from the equation of the percentage of completion versus the duration of working days, Y = a1x-b1, where b1 is the value of the bad performance of the system which is measured as below 34%. To support the validation of the result, the actual copy of the report is attached together. The new system has several advantages compared to the existing conventional process method. It helps in reducing the loss in project costing, provide a reliable progress report to the client while able to convey information of project tasks instantly and accurately

Association of exposure to PM2.5 and PM10 with DNA damage in exfoliated buccal mucosa cells among primary school children living nearby palm oil activity at Semenyih, Selangor

Introduction: Exposure of PM2.5 and PM10 released from combustion of biomass activity caused respiratory health among children. Objective: This study aims to determine the association between exposure of PM2.5 and PM10 with DNA damage in primary school children living nearby palm oil combustion activity at Semenyih. Methods: A cross sectional comparative study were conducted among Malay primary school children in school A located 2.7km from palm oil activity (N=82) and school B located about 40km away from the palm oil area (N=85). A standardized questionnaire were distributed to respondent’s parents. Concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 were measured by using Dust Trak DRX Aerosol Monitor Model 8534 and Escort LC Personal Sampling Pump. Measurement of indoor and outdoor air pollutants were conducted in schools and home. Buccal cells were collected, which then followed by micronucleus assay. Results: Concentration of PM10 and PM2.5 at home of studied group were significantly higher compared to comparative group with p value (p=0.007) and (p=0.018) respectively. PM10 and PM2.5 of studied schools were significantly higher compared to comparative schools with p value (p=0.014) and (p=0.04) respectively. MN frequencies of studied group were significantly higher compared to comparative group (p=0.001). Significant difference of respiratory symptoms were found between two groups which are cough, phlegm, wheezing and chest tightness (p=0.001). There were significant correlation between PM10 with MN frequency of studied group and comparative group with r= 0.562; p=0.001. Conclusion: This study indicated that the exposure of PM10 and PM2.5 would increase the risk of having respiratory health symptoms and might induce the micronuclei formation among children who lived near palm oil activity area

Study On Solar Ultraviolet Erythemal Dose Distribution Obtained By Aura Satellite Over Peninsular Malaysia

During the last 30 years, solar ultraviolet radiation (UV) has increased in many parts of the world mainly at mid latitude region. The information on the total of solar erythemal ultraviolet radiation incident on the earth surface is very important for the safety of human health and other living things. For this research, the data named OMUVBd retrieved from from Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) that on board AURA satellite has been taken to be studied. Measurement of erythemal UV dose began in 1st January 2009 until 31st December 2009. The purposes of this study are to view the distribution of solar erythemal dose over Peninsular Malaysia using remote sensing data named OMUVBd and to differentiate this data with other satellite data. The maximum daily erythemal UV dose for Peninsular Malaysia appears in March with mean erythemal dose of 6330.78 J/m2 when solar zenith angle at noon becomes zero. The average erythemal dose during the measurement period was 5447.33 J/m2. The minimum erythemal dose was recorded on November with 4634.66 J/m2 due to Northeast monsoon that bring a thick clouds over study area. Then OMUVBd has been compared and validates with other satellite data named Offline Ultraviolet Product (OUV) covering 80 points all over Peninsular Malaysia covering 80 points all over Peninsular Malaysia. In general, agreement between OMUVBd and OUV data is good. The difference show that the mean absolute difference for erythemal UV daily dose is 24.56 J/m2 meanwhile for mean relative difference, mean bias of 0.01 J/m2

Effect ofZingiber officinaleon Spasm

Zingiberaceae is one of the largest plant families consisting of rhizomes that are commonly used as spice in soups and curries as well as alternative medications in folklore medicine. Zingiber officinale or commonly known as ginger is extensively employed in Asian, Ayurvedic, Chinese, and Arabian folklore medicine for the treatment of pain, inflammation and various spasm-associated gastric ailments. The past few decades saw rapid advancements in the extraction process of ginger bioactive constituents and validation of their corresponding pharmacodynamic and pharmacotherapeutic activities, and biological properties in vivo and in vitro. Results reported from several biological studies on ginger showed that extracts and compounds from this tuberous rhizome exhibit antiemetic, anticancer, antipyretic, antispasmogenic and antimicrobial activities. This article reviews the effect of Zingiber officinale and its bioactive constituents on isolated organ preparations from several species of animals in view of its potential use as an alternative treatment for muscle spasms and common gastric ailments

Application of geographical information system (GIS) and logistic regression analysis to investigate spatial, temporal and clinical risk factors for road traffic injury (RTI) within Kota Bharu district

This was a Prospective Cohort Study commencing from July 2011 until June 2013 involving all injuries related to motor vehicle crashes (MVC) attended Emergency Department (ED), Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia and Hospital Raja Perempuan Zainab 2 (HRPZ 2) Kota Bharu Kelantan. Selected attributes were geospatially analysed by using ARCGIS (by ESRI) software version 10.1 licensed to the USM and Google Map free software and multiple logistic regression was performed by using SPSS version 22.0. A total of 439 cases were recruited. The mean age (SD) of the MVC victims was 26.04 years (s.d 15.26). Male comprised of 302 (71.7%) of the cases. Motorcyclists were the commonest type of victims involved 351(80.0%). Hotspot MVC locations occurred at certain intersections and on roads within Mukim Kenali and Binjai. The number of severely injured and polytrauma are most on the road network within speed limit of 60 km/hour. A person with an increase in ISS of one score had a 37 % higher odd to have disability at hospital discharge (95% CI: 1.253, 1.499, p-value < 0.001). Pediatric age group (less than 19 years of age) had 52.1% lesser odds to have disability at discharge from hospital (95% CI: 0.258, 0.889, p-value < 0.001) and patients who underwent operation for definitive management had 4.14 times odds to have disability at discharge from hospital (95% CI: 1.681, 10.218, p-value = 0.002). An increase in ISS of one score had a 50 % higher the odds to be admitted to hospital (95% CI: 1.359, 1.650, p-value <0.001). Men and those who received multi-intervention had 3.1 (95% CI: 1.345, 7,138, p-value = 0.008) and 6.1 times odds (95% CI: 3.095, 12.121, p-value < 0.001) respectively to be admitted to hospitals following MVC. This study combined geospatial and traditional statistical analyses to evaluate the relationship between injury-related MVCs and clinical parameters and its outcomes. Overall this study has proven that GIS with a combination of traditional statistical analysis is a powerful tool in RTI related research