Prevalence of Masked Obesity Associated with Lifestyle-Related Habits, Dietary Habits, and Energy Metabolism in Japanese Young Women

We investigated the prevalence of Masked Obesity (MO) and the correlations between MO and lifestylerelated habits (e.g., exercise habits, dieting habits), dietary habits, energy metabolism, and seasons. The subjects were 131 young Japanese college students. Body composition was measured by bioelectrical impedance method and Resting Metabolic Rate (RMR) was measured by an indirect calorimeter. Subjects with a BMI in the normal range (n=110) were divided into the MO (percentage of body fat to Body Weight [BF]≥30%) and control (C) (BF<30%) groups. Dietary energy and nutrient intakes were calculated from weighed dietary records. A questionnaire on lifestyle habits was obtained individually from the subjects. The percentage of MO was 32% of subjects within normal BMI. The prevalence of MO was the highest in winter, probably due to accumulation of body fat as an adaptation to cold. The MO group had low Fat-Free Mass (FFM) and high BF. RMR of the MO group was significantly lower than that of the C group. The MO group tended to have poor exercise habits, more dieting (restricting calorie intake) experiences and consumed a diet with less vegetables and beans. We concluded that the prevalence of MO was 32%; it was the highest in winter for subjects who had high fat and low FFM. This fact may be due to poor exercise, more dieting experiences and insufficient intake of vegetables and beans. Furthermore, this accumulation of body fat may be partly due to low RMR

デントウ ヤサイ ザイライ ヤサイ ト ミンゾクガク フ ザイライ ヤサイ カンレン ホウコクショ 3シュ

　現在、伝統野菜・在来野菜のブームが地域創生との関連で湧き上がっている。特定の地域に根差した食材としての野菜を地域づくりに活用する試みが、全国各地で展開している。ただ、伝統野菜・在来野菜の定義が曖昧なまま広範囲に利用だけが促進されると、逆に、地域文化の改変、及び、損失につながりかねない状況も起こりうる危険性も孕んでいる。本稿では、従来の見解を一度、整理しなおし、宮崎、鹿児島（種子島）の事例を中心に、理想的な伝統野菜・在来野菜利用のあるべき姿を探ってみたい。　末尾に、在来野菜に関する助成事業の報告書3種を添付する

Relationship between Seasonal Changes in Food Intake and Energy Metabolism, Physical Activity, and Body Composition in Young Japanese Women

We investigated seasonal changes in food intake, energy metabolism, and physical activity (PA) and explored their associations with body composition. In total, 28 women aged 20–23 years in the Kansai area of Japan participated in this year-long study spanning the winter, spring, and summer seasons. A dietary investigation was performed using the weight recording method, and the amount of histidine in the diet, which may be related to the regulation of energy intake, was calculated. Resting metabolic rate (RMR), body composition, and PA were measured using indirect calorimetry, bioelectrical impedance analysis, and uniaxial accelerometry, respectively. The results showed that energy intake was highest in winter, decreased significantly with increasing temperature, and decreased by 25% in summer. As the intake of histidine in the diet did not increase in summer, it did not seem to be involved in the suppression of energy intake. RMR was highest in winter and decreased significantly in summer by 20%. The amount of PA was low in winter, increased significantly in the spring, and decreased again in summer. Body weight increased in winter, with an accumulation of fat in the trunk and arms, and decreased in summer, with a reduction in the amount of fat. Greater energy intake and less PA in winter induced an increment in body weight despite the increase in RMR. There were no significant changes in lean body mass between the seasons; however, the muscle weight of the lower limbs increased significantly in spring and in summer compared with that in winter (p < 0.001). Thus, seasonal changes in food intake, energy metabolism, and PA occur, with resultant changes in the body composition under comfortable air-conditioned environments

Prevalence of HR-HPV infection, and univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses of the association between potential predictors and HR-HPV infection in sexually active respondents (n = 770).

<p>CT = Chlamydia trachomatis; STD = sexually transmitted disease; AOR = Adjusted odds ratio</p><p>*Wilcoxon rank-sum test (for trend)</p><p>†Chi-square test</p><p>Prevalence of HR-HPV infection, and univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses of the association between potential predictors and HR-HPV infection in sexually active respondents (n = 770).</p

宮崎県内のこども食堂についての一考察 ―2016 年と2021 年の実情と課題―

こども食堂の活動には「子どもの貧困対策」と「地域交流拠点」の2 つの大きな軸があり，2023 年12 月現在，全国では9,131 カ所で活動している。宮崎県では2016 年に活動が開始され，調査時点では12 カ所であったが，コロナ禍でも増加し2021 年には55 カ所となった。そこで本研究では，2016 年と2021 年のこども食堂の活動の実情や課題，運営者の思いをインタビュー調査と質問紙調査から検討した。いずれの調査においても，運営者たちはこども食堂について，「楽しい共食の場」，「多様な人との交流のできる居場所」としての思いを強く抱く一方で，経済的な支援や場所の確保等の課題を抱えていた。コロナ禍では，利用者が増え，会食型からフードパントリー，こども宅食へと変更し対応していた。今後はテーマ型のこども食堂や食育，自立の場としてのこども食堂を行っていきたいなど多様な活動の声も聞かれ，「全国に広がるこども食堂を通じて誰も取りこぼさない社会をつくる」ための活動がさらに広がることを期待する