Expression von E-Cadherin, Beta-Catenin und Mucin-1 bei einherdigen im Vergleich zu mehrherdigen Mammakarzinomen

Hintergrund und Zielsetzung: Die aktuelle TNM-Klassifikation berücksichtigt bis dato nicht die tatsächliche Tumorlast bei mehrherdigen Mammakarzinomen. Neuere Daten weisen darauf hin, dass mehrherdige Karzinome im Vergleich zu einherdigen Karzinomen bei identischem TNM-Stadium eine schlechtere Prognose hinsichtlich Gesamtüberleben und Rezidivauftreten haben. Ziel dieser Studie war es, mögliche Unterschiede in der Tumorbiologie von ein- und mehrherdigen Mammakarzinomen zu evaluieren. Material und Methoden: Wir verglichen retrospektiv 57 einherdige mit 55 mehrherdigen Mammakarzinompatientinnen. Aus diesem Gesamtkollektiv isolierten wir eine Matched-Pair-Gruppe mit 46 Patientinnen, deren Kollektive hinsichtlich Tumorgröße, Grading und Lymphknotenstatus übereinstimmten. Die Paraffinschnitte jeder Patientin wurden immunhistochemisch auf die Expression von E-Cadherin, Beta Catenin und Mucin-1 untersucht. Ergebnisse: Die E-Cadherin-Expression war bei den mehrherdigen Mammakarzinomen signifikant reduziert gegenüber den einherdigen Karzinomen (Gesamtkollektiv: p<0,0001; Matched-Pair-Gruppe: p=0,024). Die Beta-Catenin-Expression unterschied sich zwischen ein- und mehrherdigen Karzinomen kaum. Bei den multifokalen/multizentrischen Karzinomen nahm die Mucin-1-Expression mit steigendem Grading signifikant ab (Gesamtkollektiv: p=0,027; Matched-Pair-Gruppe: p=0,023), während sie bei den unifokalen Karzinomen leicht zunahm. Eine signifikante (p=0,003) positive Korrelation bestand zwischen der Expression von Beta-Catenin und E-Cadherin in der unifokalen Gruppe des Gesamtkollektivs. Schlussfolgerung: Erstmals wurden Oberflächenmoleküle bei ein- und mehrherdigen Mammakarzinomherden vergleichend untersucht. Die in dieser Studie gewonnenen Erkenntnisse weisen auf eine unterschiedliche Tumorbiologie zwischen ein- und mehrherdigen Mammakarzinomzellen. Weitere Studien werden nötig sein, um die Tumorbiologie im Hinblick auf die Herdigkeit zu untersuchen. Die Forschung nach neuen und zielgerichteten Therapieansätzen bei mehrherdigen Mammakarzinomen sollte weiter vorangetrieben werden

Multicentric and multifocal versusunifocal breast cancer: differences in the expression of E-cadherin suggest differences in tumor biology

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of the cell adhesion-related glycoproteins MUC-1, β-catenin and E-cadherin in multicentric/multifocal breast cancer in comparison to unifocal disease in order to identify potential differences in the biology of these tumor types. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on the expression of MUC1, β-catenin and E-cadherin by immunohistochemistry on tumor tissues of a series of 112 breast cancer patients (total collective) treated in Munich between 2000 and 2002. By matched-pair analysis, 46 patients were entered into two comparable groups of 23 patients after categorizing them as having multicentric/multifocal or unifocal breast cancer. Matching criteria were tumor size, histology grade and lymph node status; based on these criteria, patients were distributed equally between the two groups (p = 1.000 each). Data were analyzed with the Kruskal-Wallis and the Mann–Whitney tests. RESULTS: In the matched groups, we found a significantly down-regulated expression of E-cadherin in multicentric/multifocal breast cancer compared to unifocal disease (p = 0.024). The total collective showed even higher significance with a value of p < 0.0001. In contrast, no significant differences were observed in the expression of β-catenin between multicentric/multifocal and unifocal tumors (p = 0.636 and p = 0.914, respectively). When comparing the expression of MUC1, E-cadherin and β-catenin within the unifocal group, we found a significant positive correlation between E-cadherin and β-catenin (p = 0.003). In the multicentric/multifocal group we observed, in contrast to the unifocal group, a significant decrease of MUC1 expression with increased grading (p = 0.027). CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that multicentric/multifocal and unifocal breast cancers with identical TNM-staging clearly differ in the expression level of E-cadherin. We suggest that the down-regulation of E-cadherin in multicentric/multifocal breast cancer is causally connected with the worse prognosis of this tumor type

Olaparib tablets as maintenance therapy in patients with platinum-sensitive, relapsed ovarian cancer and a BRCA1/2 mutation (SOLO2/ENGOT-Ov21): a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial

Background Olaparib, a poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor, has previously shown efficacy in a phase 2 study when given in capsule formulation to all-comer patients with platinum-sensitive, relapsed high-grade serous ovarian cancer. We aimed to confirm these findings in patients with a BRCA1 or BRCA2 (BRCA1/2) mutation using a tablet formulation of olaparib. Methods This international, multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial evaluated olaparib tablet maintenance treatment in platinum-sensitive, relapsed ovarian cancer patients with a BRCA1/2 mutation who had received at least two lines of previous chemotherapy. Eligible patients were aged 18 years or older with an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status at baseline of 0\ue2\u80\u931 and histologically confirmed, relapsed, high-grade serous ovarian cancer or high-grade endometrioid cancer, including primary peritoneal or fallopian tube cancer. Patients were randomly assigned 2:1 to olaparib (300 mg in two 150 mg tablets, twice daily) or matching placebo tablets using an interactive voice and web response system. Randomisation was stratified by response to previous platinum chemotherapy (complete vs partial) and length of platinum-free interval (6\ue2\u80\u9312 months vs \ue2\u89\ua512 months) and treatment assignment was masked for patients, those giving the interventions, data collectors, and data analysers. The primary endpoint was investigator-assessed progression-free survival and we report the primary analysis from this ongoing study. The efficacy analyses were done on the intention-to-treat population; safety analyses included patients who received at least one dose of study treatment. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01874353, and is ongoing and no longer recruiting patients. Findings Between Sept 3, 2013, and Nov 21, 2014, we enrolled 295 eligible patients who were randomly assigned to receive olaparib (n=196) or placebo (n=99). One patient in the olaparib group was randomised in error and did not receive study treatment. Investigator-assessed median progression-free survival was significantly longer with olaparib (19\uc2\ub71 months [95% CI 16\uc2\ub73\ue2\u80\u9325\uc2\ub77]) than with placebo (5\uc2\ub75 months [5\uc2\ub72\ue2\u80\u935\uc2\ub78]; hazard ratio [HR] 0\uc2\ub730 [95% CI 0\uc2\ub722\ue2\u80\u930\uc2\ub741], p&lt;0\uc2\ub70001). The most common adverse events of grade 3 or worse severity were anaemia (38 [19%] of 195 patients in the olaparib group vs two [2%] of 99 patients in the placebo group), fatigue or asthenia (eight [4%] vs two [2%]), and neutropenia (ten [5%] vs four [4%]). Serious adverse events were experienced by 35 (18%) patients in the olaparib group and eight (8%) patients in the placebo group. The most common in the olaparib group were anaemia (seven [4%] patients), abdominal pain (three [2%] patients), and intestinal obstruction (three [2%] patients). The most common in the placebo group were constipation (two [2%] patients) and intestinal obstruction (two [2%] patients). One (1%) patient in the olaparib group had a treatment-related adverse event (acute myeloid leukaemia) with an outcome of death. Interpretation Olaparib tablet maintenance treatment provided a significant progression-free survival improvement with no detrimental effect on quality of life in patients with platinum-sensitive, relapsed ovarian cancer and a BRCA1/2 mutation. Apart from anaemia, toxicities with olaparib were low grade and manageable. Funding AstraZeneca