Development of an Android System Integrated with Sensor Networks

Non

On Various Properties of Nodular Graphite Cast Steel

This paper describes at first the outline of the theory of high grade cast iron manufacturing that has been clarified by one of the authors through a fundamental study of the relation between cast iron and its oxygen contents. In place of the relation between the oxygen content of cast iron and its qualities, the relation between tensile strength in cast state and variation of structure was examined. A little difference in the degree of deoxidation of cast iron was indistinguishable by analysed oxygen content. To grade the qualities according to the variation of structure is the most accurate and simplest method. When nodular graphite hyper-eutectoid cast steel containing less than 1.7 per cent carbon is produced the theoretical foundation for determining carbon and silicon contents is to choose the reciprocal relation between the points on the line Eγ or in the lower areas under the line Eγ in the basic projection diagram of the Fe-C-Si system. According to this theory, an investigation of the various properties of nodular graphite hyper-eutectoid cast steel was carried out. The results obtained can be summarized as follows : (1) This cast steel does not call for so careful selection of materials, and is of higher value in mechanical properties than those of DCI, malleable iron and cast steel. (2) Since this metal has far better castability than cast steel and DCI, it is possible to manufacture castings of thin section and complicated shape. (3) Compared with gray cast iron and malleable cast iron, this cast steel is very useful for electric and magnetic material. (4) Wear resistivity of the pearlitic type of this metal is far superior to any of the ordinary cast iron, pearlitic cast iron and DCI. Wear resistivity of the ferrite type is the same as that of DCI, but it is far superior to the black heart malleable cast iron. (5) This cast steel is material that has excellent property for induction surface hardening, even in the case of ferrite type, and after heat.treatment it has the about 40～50 R_c in the surface hardness. The Jominy hardness curves of nodular graphite cast steel were measured. Compared with the pearlite type, cast steel of ferrite type has low quench-hardness bccause of its carbon concentration in austenite

Some Investigations on the Cerium-treated Cast Iron

The effects of the addition of cerium on the macro- and microstructure of hypoeutectic and eutectic cast iron have been investigated and further, some experiments, were carried out to produce the high strength and rapid-malleable cast iron containing high silicon by the addition of cerium. The results obtained were as follows : (1) With the increase of the cerium content, the structure of cast iron changed from a grey iron to a white iron passing through an inverse chilled iron. When the composition of cast iron was fixed, the amount of cerium necessary to get white cast iron from a deoxidized melt was less than that from an oxidized melt. (2) It was verified that white cast ironization with the addition of cerium was not caused by its alloying such as in the case of manganese or chromium, in which they form special carbides, but by the supercooling of melt accompanied with strong deoxidation by cerium. (3) The mechanical properties of cerium-treated rapid malleable cast iron having the high silicon contents are higher than those of the commercial black heart malleable cast iron, and by controlling the amount of cerium, carbon and silicon in cast iron, the castings of a larger section than the maximum size which has been applied to ordinary malleable cast iron can be made

Opinion attribution improves motivation to exchange subjective opinions with humanoid robots

In recent years, the development of robots that can engage in non-task-oriented dialogue with people, such as chat, has received increasing attention. This study aims to clarify the factors that improve the user’s willingness to talk with robots in non-task oriented dialogues (e.g., chat). A previous study reported that exchanging subjective opinions makes such dialogue enjoyable and enthusiastic. In some cases, however, the robot’s subjective opinions are not realistic, i.e., the user believes the robot does not have opinions, thus we cannot attribute the opinion to the robot. For example, if a robot says that alcohol tastes good, it may be difficult to imagine the robot having such an opinion. In this case, the user’s motivation to exchange opinions may decrease. In this study, we hypothesize that regardless of the type of robot, opinion attribution affects the user’s motivation to exchange opinions with humanoid robots. We examined the effect by preparing various opinions of two kinds of humanoid robots. The experimental result suggests that not only the users’ interest in the topic but also the attribution of the subjective opinions to them influence their motivation to exchange opinions. Another analysis revealed that the android significantly increased the motivation when they are interested in the topic and do not attribute opinions, while the small robot significantly increased it when not interested and attributed opinions. In situations where there are opinions that cannot be attributed to humanoid robots, the result that androids are more motivating when users have the interests even if opinions are not attributed can indicate the usefulness of androids

肝内胆管癌の病理学的研究: 細胞動態解析と糖鎖抗原発現を中心に

取得学位 : 博士（医学）, 学位授与番号 : 医博甲第1128号, 学位授与年月日：平成6年3月25日,学位授与年：199

Studies of the Manufacturing and Mechanical Properties of Vanadium High Grade Cast Iron

We studied on the manufacturing of vanadium high grade cast iron, in which we used the raw iron materials of blast pig iron, pig iron made of vanadium contained iron sand, steel scrap, Fe-V and vanadium contained oxidized slag. Then compared with plain high grade cast iron, we clarified the mechanical properties of this cast iron. It is much better to add in furnace than in ladle, to add vanadium to cast iron by Fe-V alloy. The addition of vanadium by oxidized slag containing vanadium is almost completely alloyed. High carbon cast iron of about 3.4% carbon has tensile strength of about 35kg/mm^2 if it contained 0.5～0.7% Vanadium

Intracellular Amyloid β Oligomers Impair Organelle Transport and Induce Dendritic Spine Loss in Primary Neurons

Introduction Synaptic dysfunction and intracellular transport defects are early events in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Extracellular amyloid β (Aβ) oligomers cause spine alterations and impede the transport of proteins and organelles such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and mitochondria that are required for synaptic function. Meanwhile, intraneuronal accumulation of Aβ precedes its extracellular deposition and is also associated with synaptic dysfunction in AD. However, the links between intracellular Aβ, spine alteration, and mechanisms that support synaptic maintenance such as organelle trafficking are poorly understood. Results We compared the effects of wild-type and Osaka (E693Δ)-mutant amyloid precursor proteins: the former secretes Aβ into extracellular space and the latter accumulates Aβ oligomers within cells. First we investigated the effects of intracellular Aβ oligomers on dendritic spines in primary neurons and their tau-dependency using tau knockout neurons. We found that intracellular Aβ oligomers caused a reduction in mushroom, or mature spines, independently of tau. We also found that intracellular Aβ oligomers significantly impaired the intracellular transport of BDNF, mitochondria, and recycling endosomes: cargoes essential for synaptic maintenance. A reduction in BDNF transport by intracellular Aβ oligomers was also observed in tau knockout neurons. Conclusions Our findings indicate that intracellular Aβ oligomers likely contribute to early synaptic pathology in AD and argue against the consensus that Aβ-induced spine loss and transport defects require tau