Linear Basal Cell Carcinoma: A Case Report

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) presents with diverse clinical features, and several morphologic and histologic variants of BCC have been reported [Sexton et al.: J Am Acad Dermatol 1990;23:1118-1126]. Linear BCC was first described as a new clinical subtype in 1985 by Lewis [Int J Dematol 1985;24:124-125]. Here, we present a case of linear BCC that we recently encountered in an elderly Japanese patient, and review other cases reported in Japan

A Case of Syringomatous Adenoma of the Nipple

Syringomatous adenoma of the nipple (SAN) is an extremely rare disease originating in the adnexal gland; it was first reported by Rosen in 1983 [Am J Surg Pathol 1983;7:739–745]. Since then, 34 cases have been reported worldwide. We present the case of a 51-year-old man with SAN, in whom local excision of the tumor was performed. Histologically, the tumor consisted of tubules, ductules and epithelial cell strands, and most of the proliferating ducts presented with a characteristic teardrop or comma-shaped appearance

Lesson Program for Spatial Composition of “House” with Different Structural Methods by Third Graders of Primary School

本年度は，３年生児童によるワークショップを実施し，「結ぶ」，「組む」という異なる二つの製作手法を用いた，「安全な家」の模型づくりの授業を構成した。製作模型では，児童によって多少の個人差はあるが，床や屋根の構造のつくり方と制作のプロセスの変化に一定の類型があることが明らかになった。また、製作前後で行ったアンケートの分析では、「結ぶ」手法から「組む」手法へと変わった際に、空間に対して求めるものが変化することが分かった。模型製作手法という外的要因が児童の安全に対する意識に影響を与えたことを明らかにしたことが最大の成果である。児童の生活環境との相関，床面の構成の分析などが，今後の空間構成に関する研究の上での課題として残された。In this year, we had the workshop by third grade students and make the lesson program for the making of a model as “secure house” with structural methods of “tying” and “wooden jointing”. In the making of models, though there are some individual differences, we found the definite types to make models: the floor or the roof structure, and the making process itself. In analysis of questionnaire before and after the workshop, what children desired for living space changed, when the method was changed from “tying” to “wooden jointing”. It is the important result that children’s conscious for secure was affected by external factor; the model making method. Theme relation of children’s living environment and analysis of structure of floor require further study

The effect of anastrozole on bone mineral density during the first 5 years of adjuvant treatment in postmenopausal women with early breast cancer

PURPOSE: The administration of aromatase inhibitors is associated with bone loss in postmenopausal women. We assessed changes in bone mineral density (BMD) from baseline to 60 months of treatment in patients receiving anastrozole as initial adjuvant therapy. METHODS: Postmenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer receiving anastrozole as adjuvant therapy at our center since 2004 were enrolled in this study. BMD was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at baseline and after 6, 12, 24, 36, 48 and 60 months. Oral bisphosphonate (Bis) treatment was initiated when patients were diagnosed with osteoporosis having a T-score of −2.5 or lower. RESULTS: Fifty-five patients were enrolled in the study between 2004 and 2011, and the mean follow-up period was 53.6 months. Thirty-five patients were administered Bis (risedronate in 27 patients, alendronate in 8 patients). After 6 months of hormone therapy, BMD decreased by 0.5% from baseline at the lumbar spine (LS) and BMD decreased by 1.5% at the femoral neck (FN). However, BMD increased by 1.9% at the LS and BMD decreased by 1.5% at the FN for 60 months of treatment. In patients treated with upfront Bis (n = 19), 5.4% BMD increase from baseline was noted at the LS whereas in those without Bis (n = 21) BMD decreased by 4.3% from baseline within 24 months (P < 0.0001). Fractures were observed in 4 patients (7.3%), and 1 patient (1.8%) had a fragility fracture. CONCLUSIONS: Upfront treatment of Bis with anastrozole significantly increased BMD at the LS and an optimal use of Bis would not increase bone fractures. TRIAL REGISTRATION: UMIN000001757

Protein kinase A enhances lipopolysaccharideinduced IL-6, IL-8, and PGE2 production by human gingival broblasts

Objective: Periodontal disease is accompanied by inflammation of the gingiva and destruction of periodontaltissues, leading to alveolar bone loss in severe clinical cases. Interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and the chemical mediatorprostaglandin E2 (PGE2) are known to play important roles in inflammatory responses and tissue degradation.Recently, we reported that the protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor H-89 suppresses lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-inducedIL-8 production by human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs). In the present study, the relevance of the PKA activity andtwo PKA-activating drugs, aminophylline and adrenaline, to LPS-induced inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and IL-8) andPGE2 by HGFs were examined.Methods: HGFs were treated with LPS from Porphyromonas gingivalis and H-89, the cAMP analog dibutyryl cyclicAMP (dbcAMP), aminophylline, or adrenaline. After 24 h, IL-6, IL-8, and PGE2 levels were evaluated by ELISA.Results: H-89 did not affect LPS-induced IL-6 production, but suppressed IL-8 and PGE2 production. In contrast,dbcAMP significantly increased LPS-induced IL-6, IL-8, and PGE2 production. Up to 10 μg/ml of aminophylline didnot affect LPS-induced IL-6, IL-8, or PGE2 production, but they were significantly increased at 100 μg/ml. Similarly,0.01 μg/ml of adrenaline did not affect LPS-induced IL-6, IL-8, or PGE2 production, but they were significantlyincreased at concentrations of 0.1 and 1 μg/ml. In the absence of LPS, H-89, dbcAMP, aminophylline, andadrenaline had no relevance to IL-6, IL-8, or PGE2 production.Conclusion: These results suggest that the PKA pathway, and also PKA-activating drugs, enhance LPS-induced IL-6,IL-8, and PGE2 production by HGFs. However, aminophylline may not have an effect on the production of thesemolecules at concentrations used in clinical settings (8 to 20 μg/ml in serum). These results suggest thataminophylline does not affect inflammatory responses in periodontal disease

Immunopathology in AIDS/TB

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