Effects of international sharing of pollution abatement burdens on income inequality among countries

Improvements in environmental quality will boost output production and hence economic growth. However, although environmental abatement equally benefits all economies in the world, it is shown that, if the private productive resources are not yet accumulated sufficiently in low income economies, income inequality among economies can be widened in the short term not only under equal burden sharing of pollution abatement but even under income-proportional burden sharing. When the marginal productivity is diminishing, the negative effect of the burden is large relative to the positive effect of the improved environment in economies in which resources are not accumulated sufficiently.Income inequality Global natural environment International burden sharing of pollution abatement Economic development

A Note on Environmental Awareness and Cross-Border Pollution

Considering a Nash equilibrium in which a developed country chooses the amount of foreign aid and a developing country sets the emission tax rate and the proportion of the received aid allocated to public abatement of pollution, it is shown that an increase in the recipient country’s environmental awareness will reduce the level of cross-border pollution and benefits the donor though its foreign aid is increased. Copyright Springer 2005cross-border pollution, emission tax, environmental awareness, foreign aid, public abatement of pollution,

Aging, fertility, social security and political equilibrium

Political equilibrium, Aging, Pay-as-you-go social security, Fertility, D72, H55, J13,